scholarly journals Development of cytoplasmic male sterile lines and restorer lines of various elite Indica Group rice cultivars using CW-CMS/Rf17 system

Rice ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinya Toriyama ◽  
Tomohiko Kazama ◽  
Tadashi Sato ◽  
Yoshimichi Fukuta ◽  
Masaaki Oka
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background A cytoplasm of CW-type cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line is derived from Oryza rufipogon strain W1 and fertility is restored by a single nuclear gene, Rf17. We have previously reported that CW-CMS were effective for breeding CMS lines of Indica Group rice cultivars, IR 24 and IR 64. The applicability of this CW-CMS/Rf17 system to produce other elite Indica Group rice cultivars with CMS was explored. Findings Out of seven elite Indica Group rice cultivars, complete CMS lines were obtained for six cultivars: NSIC Rc 160, NSIC Rc 240, Ciherang, BRRI dhan 29, NERICA-L-19, and Pusa Basmati. The fertility of these six lines was restored when Rf17 was present. A CMS line was not obtained for the cultivar Samba Mahsuri. Conclusions The CW-CMS/Rf17 system will be useful to produce CMS lines and restorer lines of various elite Indica Group rice cultivars.

scholarly journals Pollen fertility restoration by nuclear gene Fr in CMS bean: nuclear-directed alteration of a mitochondrial population.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
S He ◽  
A Lyznik ◽  
S Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Mitochondrial Population ◽  
Genetic Cross ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract Two nuclear genes, Fr and Fr2, have been identified that restore pollen fertility to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by apparently distinct mechanisms. Whereas Fr2 appears to suppress the expression of a male sterility associated mitochondrial sequence (designated pvs), Fr restores pollen fertility by causing the elimination of this unusual mitochondrial DNA-segment. To further investigate the mechanism of Fr action, Fr and Fr2 were cointroduced into the nucleus of a bean line containing the sterility inducing cytoplasm. When the effect of pvs was suppressed by Fr2, the presence of Fr no longer directed the elimination of the mitochondrial pvs sequence. This result suggests that the Fr function is dependent on proper expression of the pvs sequence. To evaluate the temporal and spatial patterns of Fr action, we undertook a polymerase chain reaction-based approach to trace the fate of the pvs sequence in different tissues of F2 and F3 fertile-restored plants derived from a genetic cross between a cytoplasmic male sterile line of common bean, CMS-Sprite (frfr), and fertility restorer line R351 (FrFr). We demonstrate that the Fr-directed disappearance of pvs sequence occurs during flower development. Elimination of the pvs sequence from developing megaspores results in permanent fertility restoration in the following generations. Genetic analysis demonstrated that permanent fertility restoration, that is, the complete elimination of pvs from reproductive tissues requires two doses of the Fr allele or the absence of fr in F2 individuals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Unusual mitochondrial genome organization in cytoplasmic male sterile common bean and the nature of cytoplasmic reversion to fertility.

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 869-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Janska ◽  
S A Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Unique Region ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Fertile Revertant

Abstract Spontaneous reversion to pollen fertility and fertility restoration by the nuclear gene Fr in cytoplasmic male sterile common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are associated with the loss of a large portion of the mitochondrial genome. To understand better the molecular events responsible for this DNA loss, we have constructed a physical map of the mitochondrial genome of a stable fertile revertant line, WPR-3, and the cytoplasmic male sterile line (CMS-Sprite) from which it was derived. This involved a cosmid clone walking strategy with comparative DNA gel blot hybridizations. Mapping data suggested that the simplest model for the structure of the CMS-Sprite genome consists of three autonomous chromosomes differing only in short, unique regions. The unique region contained on one of these chromosomes is the male sterility-associated 3-kb sequence designated pvs. Based on genomic environments surrounding repeated sequences, we predict that chromosomes can undergo intra- and intermolecular recombination. The mitochondrial genome of the revertant line appeared to contain only two of the three chromosomes; the region containing the pvs sequence was absent. Therefore, the process of spontaneous cytoplasmic reversion to fertility likely involves the disappearance of an entire mitochondrial chromosome. This model is supported by the fact that we detected no evidence of recombination, excision or deletion events within the revertant genome that could account for the loss of a large segment of mitochondrial DNA.

scholarly journals Breeding of Indica glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line WX209A via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genomic editing

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Xuan Feng ◽  
Yun-Zhen Li ◽  
Bao-Xiang Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cms Line

Glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line is necessary to select hybrid glutinous rice combination with high yield and quality. To develop glutinous CMS with low amylose content, in this study, we firstly knocked out the granule-bound starch synthase OsWaxy in 209B using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing technology and successfully obtained a glutinous maintainer line WX209B. Comparing with maintainer line 209B, WX209B showed decreased amylose contents and similar agronomic characters. And then, through one generation of hybridization and two generations of backcrossing with WX209B as the male parent and 209A as the female parent, the glutinous CMS line WX209A was successfully achieved. Our study provides a strategy to efficiently breed for the glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line by combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology with conventional backcross breeding method in a short period, which prepares the ground for further breeding of hybrid glutinous rice variety.  

Combining ability and heterosis analysis for mineral elements by using cytoplasmic male-sterile systems in non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Xie ◽  
Jun Zha ◽  
Hongyu Tang ◽  
Yuying Xu ◽  
Xujia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cytoplasmic Effects ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Heading Chinese Cabbage

Brassica vegetables are an important source of dietary nutrition. The nutritional quality of mineral elements is becoming one of the most important studied traits because of the year-round supply of vegetables in China. However, there are few reports about breeding and utilisation of mineral elements in non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica napus L.). Using two newly reported CMS (cytoplasmic male-sterile) lines of non-heading Chinese cabbage, we conducted incomplete diallel experiments to analyse heterosis, combining ability and cytoplasmic effects for mineral elements such as calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn). Heterosis analysis of mineral elements indicated that the crossing combinations A1 (hau CMS) × C03, A2 (eru CMS) × C03 and A2 × C11 exhibited desirable positive effects of mid-parent heterosis and high-parent heterosis in terms of mineral element content that could be exploited for commercial purposes. Analysis of general combining ability (GCA) effects of the parental lines indicated that the tester C11 was superior for the improvement of the four mineral elements; CMS line A1 had greater GCA effects than CMS line A2 for Ca and Fe. The hybrid combinations A2 × C11, B × C05 and B × C12 showed positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects for the four mineral elements on overall performance. The analysis revealed that cytoplasmic effects of hau CMS and eru CMS were both positive for Ca and Fe, and that A1 had more obvious cytoplasmic effects than did A2. These results indicated that the two isonuclear, alloplasmic CMS lines of non-heading Chinese cabbage might be useful for improving the nutritional quality traits of cruciferous vegetables and for heterosis utilisation.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of the cytoplasmic male sterile source from Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1669-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song YAN ◽  
Shan ZHU ◽  
Ling-hua MAO ◽  
Ren-liang HUANG ◽  
Hong-liang XIONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon Griff ◽  
Dongxiang Wild Rice

Identification of genes related to the regulation of anther and pollen development in Mu-type cytoplasmic male sterile wheat (Triticum aestivum) by transcriptome analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Zihan Liu ◽  
Chang Meng ◽  
Yulin Jia ◽  
Lingli Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Hybrid Wheat ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Pectin Degradation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Cms Line

Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines are important tools for hybrid production but they cannot produce viable pollen. Breeding new CMS lines and studying their sterility mechanism in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) greatly facilitates the process of hybrid wheat breeding. We conducted transcriptome sequencing for a recently identified Mu-CMS line with Aegilops uniaristata Vis. cytoplasm, named U706A, and its isonuclear maintainer line (706B) at the binucleate stage, which was a critical period when abortion occurred. We found that most of the genes involved in phosphatidylinositol metabolism and pectin degradation were downregulated, as well as genes encoding the MYB21 and MYC2 transcription factors, in U706A compared with 706B. In addition, pectin contents indicated that the production of pectin has been enhanced from the binucleate stage to the trinucleate stage, owing to the downregulation of pectin-degradation-related genes in U706A at the binucleate stage, which confirmed the reliability of the sequencing results. We also discovered that the accumulation period of pectin content in U706A is abnormal compared with 706B, which may be an important reason for abortion. Some differentially expressed genes that might be related to the sterile phenotype were verified by quantitative RT-PCR. Therefore, we suggest that the downregulation of these genes possibly leads to the anther not to crack; the tapetum and microspore membrane system is less metabolised, and the abnormal pectin accumulation results in microspore nutrient deficiencies and abnormal development. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism responsible for pollen abortion in CMS, which may facilitate hybrid wheat breeding.

Development of Novel Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Source from Dongxiang Wild Rice (Oryza rufipogon)

Rice Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-hua SHEN ◽  
Song YAN ◽  
Ren-liang HUANG ◽  
Shan ZHU ◽  
Hong-liang XIONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Rice ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Dongxiang Wild Rice

scholarly journals Development of High Yielding Glutinous Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lines through CRISPR/Cas9 Based Mutagenesis of Wx and TGW6 and Proteomic Analysis of Anther

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Han ◽  
Dengjie Luo ◽  
Babar Usman ◽  
Gul Nawaz ◽  
Neng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Cms Line

Development of high yielding and more palatable glutinous rice is an important goal in breeding and long-standing cultural interaction in Asia. In this study, the TGW6 and Wx, major genes conferring 1000 grain weight (GW) and amylose content (AC), were edited in a maintainer line by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Four targets were assembled in pYLCRISPR/Cas9Pubi-H vector and T0 mutant plants were obtained through Agrobacterium mediated transformation with 90% mutation frequency having 28% homozygous mutations without off-target effects in three most likely sites of each target and expression level of target genes in mutant lines was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), the GW and gel consistency (GC) were increased, and the AC and gelatinization temperature (GT) were decreased significantly and grain appearance was opaque, while there was no change in starch content (SC) and other agronomic traits. Mutations were inheritable and some T1 plants were re-edited but T2 generation was completely stable. The pollen fertility status was randomly distributed, and the mutant maintainer lines were hybridized with Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (CMS) line 209A and after subsequent backcrossing the two glutinous CMS lines were obtained in BC2F1. The identified proteins from anthers of CMS and maintainer line were closely associated with transcription, metabolism, signal transduction, and protein biosynthesis. Putative mitochondrial NAD+-dependent malic enzyme was absent in CMS line which caused the pollen sterility because of insufficient energy, while upregulation of putative acetyl-CoA synthetase and Isoamylase in both lines might have strong relationship with CMS and amylose content. High yielding glutinous CMS lines will facilitate hybrid rice breeding and investigations of proteins linked to male sterility will provide the insights to complicated metabolic network in anther development.

scholarly journals Identification of a sterility-inducing cytoplasm in a fertile accession line of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Genetics ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-416
Author(s):  
S A Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Fertile Line ◽  
Interesting System

Abstract Previous investigations into the genetic mechanism of fertility restoration in cytoplasmic male sterile Phaseolus vulgaris suggested that this is a particularly interesting system for the study of nuclear-mitochondrial interactions. This study was conducted to investigate the nature of nuclear-mitochondrial compatibility in fertile accession line G08063, the reported progenitor to the cytoplasmic male sterile line. Results from genetic analysis indicated that fertile line G08063 carried a sterility-inducing cytoplasm with a fertility restoring nuclear genotype. Mitochondrial DNA analysis indicated that the mechanism of fertility restoration by line G08063 was different from that conditioned by Fr, a previously described restorer gene. A mitochondrial DNA sequence associated with sterility and lost upon fertility restoration by nuclear gene Fr was present in the mitochondrial genome of fertile line G08063; this sequence was not carried within the mitochondrial genome of any other P. vulgaris accession line tested.

scholarly journals A nuclear gene modifying instability of fertility restoration in cytoplasmic male sterile rice

1992 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio Sano ◽  
Mitsugu Eiguchi ◽  
Hiro-Yuki Hirano ◽  
Masa-Aki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Seed Fertility ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Gametic Selection ◽  
Partial Fertility

SummaryThe present study was carried out to examine the genetic mechanism responsible for reversions to fertile phenotype detected in cytoplasmic male-sterile plants of rice. The cms-bo cytoplasm of Chinsurah boro II gave rise to male-sterility in plants without a gametophytic restorer gene (Rf1). Taichung 65 (T65A) was known to be the maintainer which carries no restorer; however, Taichun 65 preserved in our laboratory (T65B) showed partial fertility (about 8% seed set) when crossed with the male-sterile plants. Unexpectedly, the seed fertility gradually increased with repeated selfings and almost fully fertile plants were obtained in the F6 generation. The cytoplasmic substitution lines revealed that reversions to fertile phenotype resulted from mutational events at the nuclear level. The genetic experiments indicated that the partial fertility observed in the F1 hybrid was controlled by a dominant gene, Ifr1, which was carried by T65B. The results obtained suggested that Ifr1 itself was associated with instability of fertility restoration in the presence of cms-bo cytoplasm since partially fertile plants carrying Ifr1 always showed a tendency for gradual increase in fertility in the later generations. The results are also discussed in relation to a rapid genetic change through intensified gametic selection combined with instability.

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