Changes in the expression levels of elastic fibres in yak lungs at different growth stages

Abstract Background Yaks have a strong adaptability to the plateau environment, which can be attributed to the effective oxygen utilization rate of their lung tissue. Elastic fibre confers an important adaptive structure to the alveolar tissues in yaks. However, little research has been focused on the structural development of lung tissues and the expression levels of elastic fibres in yaks after birth. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the morphological changes of elastic fibers and expression profiles of fibre-formation genes in yak lungs at different growth stages and the relationship between these changes and plateau adaptation. Results Histological staining was employed to observe the morphological changes in the lung tissue structure of yaks at four different ages: 1 day old, 30 days old, 180 days old and adult. There was no significant difference in the area of a single alveolus between the 1-day-old and 30-day-old groups (P-value > 0.05). However, the single alveolar area was gradually increased with an increase in age (P-value < 0.05). Elastic fibre staining revealed that the amount of elastic fibres in alveolar tissue was increased significantly from the ages of 30 days to 180 days (P-value < 0.05) and stabilized during the adult stage. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the highest levels of differentially expressed genes were found between 30 days of age and 180 days of age. KEGG analysis showed that PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and MAPK pathway, which are involved in fibre formation, accounted for the largest proportion of differentially expressed genes between 30 days of age and 180 days of age. The expression levels of 36 genes related to elastic fibre formation and collagen fibre formation were also analysed, and most of these genes were highly expressed in 30-day-old and 180-day-old yaks. Conclusions The content of elastic fibres in the alveolar tissue of yaks increases significantly after birth, but this change occurs only from 30 days of age to 180 days of age. Our study indicates that elastic fibres can improve the efficiency of oxygen utilization in yaks under harsh environmental conditions.

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Changes in Elastic Fibres in Yak Lungs at Different Developmental Stages

10.21203/rs.3.rs-108990/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jingyi Li ◽

Xiangqiong Meng ◽

Lihan Wang ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Hongxian Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differentially Expressed Genes ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Mapk Pathway ◽

Elastic Fibre ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Elastic Fibers ◽

Elastic Fibres ◽

Fibre Formation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Alveolar Tissue

Abstract BackgroundYaks have a strong adaptability to the plateau environment, which is closely associated with the effective oxygen utilization rate of their lung tissue. The elastic fibre is an important adaptive structure of alveolar tissue. However, there are few studies on the development of the structure of lung tissue and the changes in elastic fibres of yak after birth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of elastic fibers in the lungs of yaks after birth and the relationship between these changes and adaptation to hypoxic environment.ResultsIn this experiment, a histological method was employed to observe the changes in the lung tissue structure of yaks at four ages: 1 day old, 30 days old, 180 days old and adult. There was no significant difference in the area of a single alveolus between the 1-day-old and 30-day-old groups (P > 0.05). In yaks aged over 30 days, the single alveolar area gradually increased with age (P < 0.05). The observation of elastic fibres showed that elastic fibres in alveolar tissue increased significantly from the ages of 30 days to 180 days (P < 0.05) and stabilized after 180 days of age. Transcriptome analysis determined the highest levels of differentially expressed genes between 30 days of age and 180 days of age. KEGG analysis showed that the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and MAPK pathway, which are involved in fibre formation, accounted for the largest proportion of differentially expressed genes between 30 days of age and 180 days of age. The expression levels of 36 genes related to fibre formation were analysed, and several genes related to elastic fibre formation and collagen fibre formation were determined to be highly expressed at the age of 30 days.ConclusionsThe content of elastic fibres in the alveolar tissue of yaks increases significantly after birth, but this change occurs only from 30 days of age to 180 days of age to make better use of oxygen in the environment.

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Effects of GGT and C-S Lyase on the Generation of Endogenous Formaldehyde in Lentinula edodes at Different Growth Stages

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24234203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (23) ◽

pp. 4203 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lei ◽

Gao ◽

Feng ◽

Huang ◽

Bian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Lentinula Edodes ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Formaldehyde Content ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Mrna And Protein Expression ◽

Relationship Of ◽

First Time ◽

Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽

Different Growth Stages

Endogenous formaldehyde is generated as a normal metabolite via bio-catalysis of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and L-cysteine sulfoxide lyase (C-S lyase) during the growth and development of Lentinula edodes. In this study, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression levels, the activities of GGT and C-S lyase, and the endogenous formaldehyde content in L. edodes at different growth stages. With the growth of L. edodes, a decrease was found in the mRNA and protein expression levels of GGT, while an increase was observed in the mRNA and protein expression levels of C-S lyase as well as the activities of GGT and C-S lyase. Our results revealed for the first time a positive relationship of formaldehyde content with the expression levels of Csl (encoding Lecsl) and Lecsl (C-S lyase protein of Lentinula edodes) as well as the enzyme activities of C-S lyase and GGT during the growth of L. edodes. This research provided a molecular basis for understanding and controlling the endogenous formaldehyde formation in Lentinula edodes in the process of growth.

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Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Associated With Precocious Puberty by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization in Goat Pituitary Tissues

10.21203/rs.3.rs-113865/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yufang Liu ◽

Guiling Cao ◽

Yujing Xie ◽

Mingxing Chu

Keyword(s):

Differentially Expressed Genes ◽

Suppression Subtractive Hybridization ◽

Precocious Puberty ◽

Subtractive Hybridization ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Kegg Pathways ◽

Oocyte Meiosis ◽

Go Terms ◽

Different Growth Stages

Abstract Background Our study aimed to identify genes related to precocious puberty expressed in the pituitary of different growth stages goats using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) screening. Pituitary tissues at 30 day and 90 day and 180 day growth stages of Jining gray goats and Liaoning cashmere goats were used in this study. To identify differentially expressed genes in the pituitary tissues, mRNA from these tissues was extracted and SSH libraries were constructed for screening (API, EPI and BPI groups). ResultsA total of 60, 49 and 58 differently expression genes were annotation in the database. 222 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 75 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were matched to those genes. Most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the GO terms “structural constituent of ribosome”, “translation” and “GTP binding” were significantly enriched while numerous DEGs related to the Jak-STAT signaling and oocyte meiosis pathways were also significantly enriched. Candidate genes to be involved in precocious puberty and sexual development were retrieved from the SSH libraries. These related genes were discussed taking into account whether they were expressed in different growth stages of pituitary tissues, and of which them influenced the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. ConclusionsInteresting findings about precocious puberty related genes from an evolutionary perspective (such as PRLP0, EIF5A and YWHAH) and for putative future goats breeding applications are reported here. We provide a valuable dataset that will facilitate further research into the reproductive biology of goats.

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