scholarly journals Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of Gossypium hirsutum L

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfang Gao ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Jingli Yuan ◽  
Hongli Zheng ◽  
Quansheng Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Natural Colored Cotton ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Color Depth

Abstract Background The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers of Gossypium hirsutum L. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, and anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cells after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear. Results The three key genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seedcoat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color. Conclusion The three genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanidin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of Gossypium hirsutum L.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Jianfang ◽  
Shen Li ◽  
Yuan Jingli ◽  
Zheng Hongli ◽  
Su Quansheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Natural Colored Cotton ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Color Depth

Abstract Background The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers of Gossypium hirsutum L. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, and anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cell after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear. Results The three key genes of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi , GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi , GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seedcoat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color. Conclusion The three genes of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanidin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of Gossypium hirsutum L.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Jianfang ◽  
Shen Li ◽  
Yuan Jingli ◽  
Zheng Hongli ◽  
Su Quansheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Natural Colored Cotton ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Color Depth

Abstract Background The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers of Gossypium hirsutum L. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, and anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cell after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear. Results The three key genes of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi , GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi , GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seedcoat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color. Conclusion The three genes of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanidin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of Gossypium hirsutum L.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Jianfang ◽  
Shen Li ◽  
Yuan Jingli ◽  
Zheng Hongli ◽  
Su Quansheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Natural Colored Cotton ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Color Depth

Abstract Background The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers of Gossypium hirsutum L. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, and anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cell after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear. Results The three key genes of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi , GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi , GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seedcoat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color. Conclusion The three genes of GhCHS , GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanidin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR in colored fiber formation of G. hirsutum L

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiang Sun ◽  
Gao Jianfang ◽  
Shen Li ◽  
Yuan Jingli ◽  
Zheng Hongli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Natural Colored Cotton ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Color Depth

Abstract Background The formation of natural colored fibers mainly results from the accumulation of different anthocyanidins and their derivatives in the fibers. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first committed enzyme of flavonoid biosynthesis, anthocyanidins are transported into fiber cell after biosynthesis mainly by Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to present diverse colors with distinct stability. The biochemical and molecular mechanism of pigment formation in natural colored cotton fiber is not clear. Results The three key genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed in the developing fibers of colored cotton. In the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic cottons, the expression levels of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR significantly decreased in the developing cotton fiber, negatively correlated with the content of anthocyanidins and the color depth of cotton fiber. In colored cotton Zongxu1 (ZX1) and the GhCHSi, GhANRi and GhLARi transgenic lines of ZX1, HZ and ZH, the anthocyanidin contents of the leaves, cotton kernels, the mixture of fiber and seed coat were all changed and positively correlated with the fiber color. Conclusion The three genes of GhCHS, GhANR and GhLAR were predominantly expressed early in developing colored cotton fibers and identified to be a key genes of cotton fiber color formation. The expression levels of the three genes affected the anthocyanin contents and fiber color depth. So the three genes played a crucial part in cotton fiber color formation and has important significant to improve natural colored cotton quality and create new colored cotton germplasm resources by genetic engineering.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of ABCC gene family and their expression analysis in pigment deposition of fiber in brown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0246649
Author(s):  
Na Sun ◽  
Yong-Fei Xie ◽  
Yong Wu ◽  
Ning Guo ◽  
Da-Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters are a class of superfamily transmembrane proteins that are commonly observed in natural organisms. The ABCC (ATP-binding cassette C subfamily) protein belongs to a subfamily of the ABC protein family and is a multidrug resistance-associated transporter that localizes to the tonoplast and plays a significant role in pathogenic microbial responses, heavy metal regulation, secondary metabolite transport, and plant growth. Recent studies have shown that the ABCC protein is also involved in the transport of anthocyanins/proanthocyanidins (PAs). To clarify the types and numbers of ABCC genes involved in PA transport in Gossypium hirsutum, the phylogenetic evolution, physical location, and structure of ABCC genes were classified by bioinformatic methods in the upland cotton genome, and the expression levels of these genes were analyzed at different developmental stages of the cotton fiber. The results showed that 42 ABCC genes were initially identified in the whole genome of upland cotton; they were designated GhABCC1-42. The gene structure and phylogenetic analysis showed that the closely related ABCC genes were structurally identical. The analysis of chromosomal localization demonstrated that there were no ABCC genes on the chromosomes of AD/At2, AD/At5, AD/At6, AD/At10, AD/At12, AD/At13, AD/Dt2, AD/Dt6, AD/Dt10, and AD/Dt13. Outside the genes, there were ABCC genes on other chromosomes, and gene clusters appeared on the two chromosomes AD/At11 and AD/Dt8. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that some ABCC proteins in G. hirsutum were clustered with those of Arabidopsis thaliana, Vitis vinifera and Zea mays, which are known to function in anthocyanin/PA transport. The protein structure prediction indicated that the GhABCC protein structure is similar to the AtABCC protein in A. thaliana, and most of these proteins have a transmembrane domain. At the same time, a quantitative RT-PCR analysis of 42 ABCC genes at different developmental stages of brown cotton fiber showed that the relative expression levels of GhABCC24, GhABCC27, GhABCC28, GhABCC29 and GhABCC33 were consistent with the trend of PA accumulation, which may play a role in PA transport. These results provide a theoretical basis for further analysis of the function of the cotton ABCC genes and their role in the transport of PA.

scholarly journals Identification of the Group III WRKY Subfamily and the Functional Analysis of GhWRKY53 in Gossypium hirsutum L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235
Author(s):  
Dongjie Yang ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Hailiang Cheng ◽  
Qiaolian Wang ◽  
Limin Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Group Iii

WRKY transcription factors had multiple functions in plant secondary metabolism, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, adaptation to biotic and abiotic stress, and plant growth and development. However, knowledge of the group III WRKY subfamily in fiber development in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is largely absent. Previous studies have shown that there were 21 putative group III WRKY members in G. hirsutum L. These putative amino acid sequences from the III WRKY group were phylogenetically clustered into three clades. Multiple alignment, conservative motif analysis, and gene structure analysis showed that the members clustered together in the phylogenetic tree had similar motifs and gene structures. Expression pattern analysis revealed that variation in the expression levels of these genes in different tissues and fiber development stages. To better understand the functions of putative group III WRKY genes in G. hirsutum L., we selected the cotton fiber initiation-related gene GhWRKY53 for cloning and functional identification. The subcellular localization experiment of GhWRKY53 in Nicotiana tabacum leaves showed that it was located in the nucleus. The heterologous expression of GhWRKY53 in Arabidopsis thaliana could significantly increase the density of trichomes. Twelve proteins that interacted with GhWRKY53 were screened from the cotton fiber cDNA library by yeast two-hybrid experiment. This study findings lay a foundation for further research on the role of the GhWRKY53 during cotton fiber development and provide a new insight for further studying putative group III WRKY genes in G. hirsutum L. Our research results also provide vital information for the genetic mechanism of high-quality cotton fiber formation and essential genetic resources for cotton fiber quality improvement.

scholarly journals Levantamento entomofaunístico de artrópodes em algodoeiro de fibra naturalmente colorida em Ipanguaçu-RN

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Bárbara Karine de Albuquerque Silva ◽  
Antônio Genildo Cordeiro ◽  
Pedro Ramon Holanda de Oliveira ◽  
Maurício Sekiguchi de Godoy ◽  
Francisco Edivino Lopes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Crop Pests ◽  
Experimental Area ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Beneficial Organisms

<p>Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa identificar a diversidade de artrópodes associados à cultura do algodão <em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L. com pluma colorida, sendo realizados levantamentos entomofaunístico em Ipanguaçu-RN em áreas de produção. A área experimental foi composta por 15 variedades de algodão com pluma colorida: CNPA 2009-6; CNPA 2009-11; CNPA 2009-13; CNPA 2009-16; CNPA 2009-27; CNPA 2009-42; CNPA 2009-47; CNPA 2009-48; CNPA 2009-50; CNPA 2009-59; CNPA 2009-60; CNPA 2009-62; BRS RUBI; BRS AROEIRA; BRS TOPÁZIO. O levantamento foi realizado tendo como base três métodos de coleta ativa em pontos aleatórios da área experimental. As coletas consistiram da retirada manual de folhas e maçãs diretamente da planta, além da captura de insetos em pleno voo, com auxílio de rede entomológica. Foram encontrados um total 1884 insetos adultos e 66 larvas, dispostos em 8 ordens e 22 famílias. A família Aphididae: Hemiptera foi a mais numerosa entre o material coletado, com 1720 adultos dispersos nos três métodos de coleta aplicados. Além desta, outras famílias de pragas da cultura foram encontradas, como Curculionidae: Coleoptera. Também foram coletados organismos benéficos como os polinizadores Aphidae e Megachilidae, pertencentes a ordem Hymenoptera, predadores (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera; Vespidae: Hymenoptera; Reduviidae: Hemiptera; Chrysopidae: Neuroptera e Labiidae: Dermaptera) e parasitoides, como os microhimenópteros. Foram encontrados três tipos de larvas, sendo classificadas como curculioniforme as mais numerosas, apresentando um total de 57 espécimes coletados.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Entomofaunistic survey of artropods in naturally colored cotton fiber in Ipanguaçu-RN</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The objective of this research was to identify the diversity of arthropods associated with cotton crop <em>Gossypium hirsutum </em>L. with colorful plume, it was conducted entomofaunístico survey in Ipanguaçu-RN in production areas. The experimental area was composed of 15 cotton varieties with colorful plume: CNPA 2009-6; CNPA 2009-11; CNPA 2009-13; CNPA 2009-16; CNPA 2009-27; CNPA 2009-42; CNPA 2009-47; CNPA 2009-48; CNPA 2009-50; CNPA 2009-59; CNPA 2009-60; CNPA 2009-62; BRS RUBI; BRS AROEIRA; BRS TOPÁZIO. The survey was conducted based on three methods of active collection at random points of the experimental area. The samples consisted of manual removal of leaves and apples directly from the plant, as well as insects capture in flight by using entomological network. It was found a total of 1884 adult insects and 66 larvae arranged in 8 orders and 22 families. The Aphididae family: Hemiptera was the most numerous among the collected material, with 1720 adults dispersed in the three collection methods applied. Besides this family, other ones of crop pests were found, such as Curculionidae: Coleoptera. It was also collected beneficial organisms such as pollinators Aphidae and Megachilidae, belonging to the order Hymenoptera, predators (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera; Vespidae: Hymenoptera; Reduviidae: Hemiptera; Chrysopidae: Neuroptera and Labiidae: Dermaptera) and parasitoids, such as microhymenoptera. Three types of larvae were found, and the most numerous of them were classified as curculioniforme, presenting a total of 57 specimens collected.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Characterization and Action Mechanism Analysis of VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 Module Responding to Multiple-Hormone Signals in the Modulation of Grape Berry Color Formation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 896
Author(s):  
Ziwen Su ◽  
Xicheng Wang ◽  
Xuxian Xuan ◽  
Zilu Sheng ◽  
Haoran Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Color Conversion ◽  
Hormone Signals

In recent years, more and more reports have shown that the miR156-SPL module can participate in the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in plants. However, little is known about how this module responds to hormonal signals manipulating this process in grapes. In this study, exogenous GA, ABA, MeJA, and NAA were used to treat the ‘Wink’ grape berries before color conversion, anthocyanin and other related quality physiological indexes (such as sugar, aroma) were determined, and spatio-temporal expression patterns of related genes were analyzed. The results showed that the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d showed a gradually rising trend with the ripening and color formation of grape berries, and the highest expression levels were detected at day 28 after treatment, while the expression level of VvSPL9 exhibited an opposite trend as a whole, which further verifies that VvmiR156b/c/d can negatively regulate VvSPL9. Besides, VvmiR156b/c/d was positively correlated with anthocyanin content and related genes levels, while the expression pattern of VvSPL9 showed a negative correlation. Analysis of promoter cis-elements and GUS staining showed that VvmiR156b/c/d contained a large number of hormone response cis-elements (ABA, GA, SA, MeJA, and NAA) and were involved in hormone regulation. Exogenous ABA and MeJA treatments significantly upregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes in the early stage of color conversion and made grape berries quickly colored. Interestingly, GA treatment downregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes in the early color-change period, but significantly upregulated in the middle color-change and ripening stages, therefore GA mainly modulated grape berry coloring in the middle- and late-ripening stages. Furthermore, NAA treatment downregulated the expression levels of VvmiR156b/c/d and anthocyanin structural genes and delayed the peak expression of genes. Meanwhile, to further recognize the potential functions of VvmiR156b/c/d, the mature tomato transient trangenetic system was utilized in this work. Results showed that transient overexpression of VvmiR156b/c/d in tomato promoted fruit coloring and overexpression of VvSPL9 inhibited fruit coloration. Finally, a regulatory network of the VvmiR156b/c/d-VvSPL9 module responsive to hormones modulating anthocyanin synthesis was developed. In conclusion, VvmiR156b/c/d-mediated VvSPL9 participated in the formation of grape color in response to multi-hormone signals.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of Raffinose synthetase family in cotton

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruifeng Cui ◽  
Xiaoge Wang ◽  
Waqar Afzal Malik ◽  
Xuke Lu ◽  
Xiugui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Motif Analysis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Salt And Drought Stress ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Stress Gene

Abstract Background The Raffinose synthetase (RAFS) genes superfamily is critical for the synthesis of raffinose, which accumulates in plant leaves under abiotic stress. However, it remains unclear whether RAFS contributes to resistance to abiotic stress in plants, specifically in the Gossypium species. Results In this study, we identified 74 RAFS genes from G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum and G. raimondii by using a series of bioinformatic methods. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the RAFS gene family in the four Gossypium species could be divided into four major clades; the relatively uniform distribution of the gene number in each species ranged from 12 to 25 based on species ploidy, most likely resulting from an ancient whole-genome polyploidization. Gene motif analysis showed that the RAFS gene structure was relatively conservative. Promoter analysis for cis-regulatory elements showed that some RAFS genes might be regulated by gibberellins and abscisic acid, which might influence their expression levels. Moreover, we further examined the functions of RAFS under cold, heat, salt and drought stress conditions, based on the expression profile and co-expression network of RAFS genes in Gossypium species. Transcriptome analysis suggested that RAFS genes in clade III are highly expressed in organs such as seed, root, cotyledon, ovule and fiber, and under abiotic stress in particular, indicating the involvement of genes belonging to clade III in resistance to abiotic stress. Gene co-expressed network analysis showed that GhRFS2A-GhRFS6A, GhRFS6D, GhRFS7D and GhRFS8A-GhRFS11A were key genes, with high expression levels under salt, drought, cold and heat stress. Conclusion The findings may provide insights into the evolutionary relationships and expression patterns of RAFS genes in Gossypium species and a theoretical basis for the identification of stress resistance materials in cotton.

scholarly journals Plant breeding in the semiarid region of Brazil: examples of success

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (spe) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Abílio de Queiroz ◽  
Levi de Moura Barros ◽  
Luiz Paulo de Carvalho ◽  
Jonas de Araújo Candeia ◽  
Edinardo Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Caatinga Biome ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton

The Northeastern region of Brazil comprises the Caatinga biome (900,000 km²) part of which is a semiarid region with rainfed and irrigated production systems. Among the successful breeding programs are cashew and cotton. The first led to a substantial increase in nut production in Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Piauí and the second bred a naturally colored cotton fiber, now processed in small clothing industries in Paraiba, exporting to 11 countries. In the lower-middle São Francisco valley, the previously grown onion was replaced by improved varieties, on 90% of the production area, and by industrial tomato, introduced by research in 1972, which came to be used on more than 80% of the area at the time. The participation of the private sector and continuity of breeding programs were crucial for the success. More examples of success are expected with the establishment of postgraduate courses in Agricultural Sciences in the Semiarid region.

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