scholarly journals Dynamic changes in physiological and biochemical properties of flue-cured tobacco of different leaf ages during flue-curing and their effects on yield and quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjie Chen ◽  
Ke Ren ◽  
Xian He ◽  
Jiangshiqi Gong ◽  
Xiaodong Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Abstract Background The leaf age for harvesting flue-cured tobacco leaves is closely related to the quality of tobacco leaves, so an appropriate leaf age for harvesting is important for improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, however, at present, there are few studies on effects of leaf age on physiological and biochemical changes during flue-curing and there is no clear standard of proper leaf ages for harvesting in production. Results In the Yunnan tobacco-growing area, an experiment was carried from 2016 to 2017 and different leaf ages were set. The results demonstrate that leaf age has a significant on tissue cell gap, leaf age and flue-curing stages exert significant effects on upper epidermis, palisade and spongy tissue, and leaf thickness of tobacco leaves. The thicknesses of upper and lower epidermis as well as palisade and spongy tissues at different ages show an approximately W-shaped change trend during flue-curing. With the advance of flue-curing stages, contents of starch, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and water in tobacco leaves at different leaf ages decrease, while polyphenol and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increase. The older the leaf, the faster the chlorophyll, carotenoid, and water contents reduce, while the faster the polyphenol and MDA content rise during flue-curing. The flue-cured tobacco leaves at 116 DAT (days after transplanting) show the highest contents of total nitrogen and nicotine, followed by 123 DAT and those at 130 DAT are the lowest; however, the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar demonstrate a contrary tendency, and the starch content at 116 DAT is much lower than those in the other two treatments. The proportion of superior tobacco, average price, yield, and output value of upper tobacco leaves at different leaf ages are the highest at 123 DAT. The highest sensory evaluation score is found at 123 DAT, while that at 130 DAT is significantly lower in comparison with the other two treatments. Conclusions Tobacco leaves harvested at 123 DAT are mature and exhibit a low degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, moderate chemical compositions, and high economic value. 123 DAT improves availability of tobacco leaves.

scholarly journals Elma Bitkisi (Malus domestica L.)’nde Foliar Uygulanan Salisilik Asitin Donmaya Karşı Etkileri

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengü Türkyılmaz Ünal ◽  
Oğuzhan Mentiş ◽  
Ethem Akyol
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

In our study we aim to increase frost resistance and improve the yield and quality of apple is important in Turkey and world economy. Phenological and morphological observations, physiological and biochemical analyzes were carried out in apple (Malus domestica L.) plants. It was studied to determine the effects of foliar Salicylic acid (0, 500 ppm/plant and 1000 ppm/plant) on adaptation of this plant when exposed to freezing stress, the quality and yield. Leaf photosynthetic pigment contents, total protein amount, proline amount, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymatic activities were measured. The study planned by random experimental design and statistical analysis of data with SPSS program (LSD test) were made. It was determined that fruit and shoot numbers were increased in samples exposed to 500 ppm salicylic acid and while fruit weights were increased in samples exposed to 500 ppm and 1000 ppm salicylic acid compared to the control. Also, colour of plants were darkened. Chla, chlb, total chl, proline, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase amounts were increased significantly compared to the control group. Increases occured in the carotenoid and the protein amounts are not significant statistically. In the light of obtained data, foliar application of salicylic acid were found to reduce the effects of freezing stress and to increase the yield and quality of apple plants.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of two hulless barley varieties after inoculation with Fusarium culmorum

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Ivana Políšenská ◽  
Kateřina Vaculová ◽  
Ondřej Jirsa ◽  
Irena Sedláčková ◽  
Jan Frydrych
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
Yield And Quality

The effect of F. culmorum inoculation on the yield and quality of grain of AF Cesar and AF Lucius barley varieties was monitored. Field experiments were conducted between 2015-2017 at two locations. In grain harvested from plots grown under natural infection conditions, the deoxynivalenol content was very low. Inoculation caused a decline in germination, a certain reduction in yield and a change in some qualitative parameters (reduction in protein and fiber content, increase in starch content), but the effect of inoculation was weak and significantly influenced by the environment and the variety. The β-glucan content was not affected by inoculation. The varieties differed significantly from each other in β-glucan content (AF Cesar > AF Lucius). The deoxynivalenol content of both varieties was comparable after the inoculation while it differed under conditions of the natural infection (AF Cesar < AF Lucius).

scholarly journals The relationship of agroclimatic factors and the yield of potato varieties in the conditions of the near Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS

scholarly journals YIELD AND QUALITY OF TRIPLOID WATERMELON HYBRIDS.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 859f-859
Author(s):  
Donald N. Maynard ◽  
Gary W. Elmstrom
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Seedless Watermelon ◽  
Triploid Watermelon

Evaluations of 30 triploid (seedless) watermelon hybrids were conducted in the Spring 1989 season at Bradenton and Leesburg, Florida. There was considerable variation in relative cultivar yields at the two locations. However, consistency in some cultivars did occur. 'HMX 7924' produced the highest total yield and 'CFREC 88-2' had high total yields at both locations. On the other hand, 'ACX 882322', 'Fengshan No. 1', 'FMX 28', 'Fummy', 'Honeyheart', 'Nova', and 'NVH 4295' produced low total yields at both locations. Average fruit weight was high for 'Ssuper Sweet Brand 5244', 'CFREC 88-4', and 'HMX 7924' whereas 'ACX 882322', 'FMX 28', 'Fengshan No. 1', 'Nova', and 'PSR 49087' produced low average fruit weight. Soluble solids exceeded 11% in all entries at Bradenton whereas two entries were lower than 10% at Leesburg. Several experimental lines out performed the named cultivars suggesting that future introductions will be superior to those already available.

scholarly journals Impact of Grinding Procedure on the Yield and Quality of the Extract from Clove Buds Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C.F. Johner ◽  
Tahmasb Hatami ◽  
Pedro I. N. Carvalho ◽  
M. Angela A. Meireles
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Eugenyl Acetate ◽  
Dynamic Extraction

Introduction: The effects of the grinding procedure on the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) yields of eugenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and eugenyl acetate from clove are discussed in detail in this paper. Methods: For this purpose, five grinding procedures were employed: 1) continuous 1-min grinding, 2) continuous 2-min grinding, 3) two 1-min grinding periods with 6-min stop in between 4) continuous 4-min grinding, and 5) four 1-min grinding periods with 6-min stops in between. After that, the extractor was filled with 12 g of milled clove obtained using one of the grinding procedures while the other SFE parameters were kept constant (pressure of 150 bar, temperature of 40 °C, supercritical CO2 flow rate of 1.03×10−4 kg/s, static time of 20 min, and dynamic extraction time of 15 min). Then, the composition of the extract was evaluated by gas chromatography (GC). Conclusion: It was found that the grinding procedure has considerable effects on the recoveries of eugenol, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and eugenyl acetate from clove, and employing four 1-min grinding periods with 6-min stops in between as the grinding procedure gave the highest content of the aforementioned components in the extract.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PROPAGATING STOCK AND PRACTICES FOR ANNUAL RHUBARB PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1119f-1119
Author(s):  
D.N. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Selection Of

Yield and quality of seed- and vegetatively-propagated rhubarb [Rheum rhabarbarum L.) for annual production were evaluated for 4 seasons. Field planting of transplants or crown divisions in late October or early November resulted in harvests beginning in early to late January and continuing until late April. Selection of `Victoria' seedlings based on petiole color was not effective in increasing the proportion of red mature petioles. Yields from seed-propagated annual `Victoria' rhubarb were always higher than yields from `McDonald' single-bud crown divisions and higher than yields from `McDonald' crown-divisions in one of two years. The four-year average yield for `Victoria' seed-propagated rhubarb was 20.4 Mg·ha-1 whereas `McDonald' crown-division-propagated rhubarb had a two-year average yield of 15.8 Mg·ha-1. On the other hand, petiole color of vegetatively-propagated rhubarb was always superior to that of seed-propagated rhubarb. GA applications increased early yield from `McDonald' single-bud divisions, but reduced early and total harvest petiole weight.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF `CABERNET FRANC' (VITIS VINIFERA) IN OKLAHOMA

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 512B-512
Author(s):  
Eric T. Stafne ◽  
B. Dean McCraw ◽  
William G. McGlynn ◽  
R. Keith Striegler
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cabernet Franc ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Climate Patterns

Rootstocks can offer benefits such as pest resistance, tolerance of certain soil characteristics and tolerance of salts and salinity. The objective of this study was to determine if `Cabernet Franc' grafted onto various rootstocks differed in a number of measured yield and quality variables. The plots consisted of Clone 1 `Cabernet Franc' with four different rootstocks: 1103 Paulsen, 140 Ruggeri, 3309 Couderc, and St. George. Rootstock did not have much effect on the yield or quality of fruit produced by `Cabernet Franc'. Although not significantly different, the overall yield of 3309C appears to be lower than the other rootstocks. With further data, it might be possible to identify annual climate patterns that favor one rootstock over another with respect to certain quality attributes. One particular problem with `Cabernet Franc' in Oklahoma is its tendency to overbear, thus resulting in uneven ripening.

scholarly journals Effect of Shading on Development, Yield and Quality of Bastard Balm Herb (Melittis melissophyllum L.)

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2142
Author(s):  
Izabela Szymborska-Sandhu ◽  
Jarosław L. Przybył ◽  
Ewelina Pióro-Jabrucka ◽  
Agata Jędrzejuk ◽  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Cichoric Acid ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Similar Tendency ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of Melittis melissophyllum shading on its development and accumulation of phenolics. Their content (verbascoside, apiin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, coumarin, 3,4-dihydroxycoumarin, o-coumaric acid 2-O-glucoside as well as o-coumaric, p-coumaric, chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic and cichoric acid) was determined in the herb using HPLC-DAD. The results showed that the content of abovementioned flavonoids and phenolic acids was highest in plants grown under full sunlight. On the other hand, a higher content of coumarin was observed in shaded plants, especially after the seed-setting stage. A similar tendency was noted for the amount of chlorophyll a and b. The content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, the activity of polyphenol oxidase and catalase and the antioxidant capacity of plant extracts (measured using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays) were found to be the highest in the plants grown in full sunlight. However, the plants grown in moderate (30%) shade were found to thrive best.

Heterosis and combining ability effects on cotton. II. Heterosis

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Thomson ◽  
DJ Luckett
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
River Valley ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
The Mean

The yield and quality of a diverse range of cotton hybrids was measured in one, or more, of a number of experiments conducted in the Ord River valley, Western Australia (15�S.) and the Namoi River valley, New South Wales (30�S.). Two of the experiments were diallels, one involving nine parents, the other thirteen parents. In both the plant and subsequent ratoon crops, mean yield of the hybrids was significantly greater than the mean yield of the parents, and the hybrids had significantly longer and stronger fibre. A few hybrids in both diallels significantly outyielded commercial controls by between 15 and 35% in both the plant and ratoon crops. Subsequently, in other experiments including one with near-commercial large plots, the high performers from the diallel experiments were inconsistent for yield, usually exhibiting little or no heterosis above that of the best commercial cultivars. Other hybrids tested in these experiments also generally failed to outyield the commercial controls, although a number had higher-quality fibre. It was concluded the heterosis for yield is not consistent enough under high-yielding Australian conditions to warrant the commercial production of hybrid cotton seed. Some hybrids, however, especially the interspecific G. hirsutum x G. barbadense ones, have the stronger, finer fibre that appears better suited to cotton spinning equipment now being developed, and this aspect could justify reappraisal of this conclusion in the future.

Сортакартофеля,адаптированныекусловиямСевера

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Tulinov ◽  
A.Y. Lobanov ◽  
M.Y. Shlyk ◽  
T.V. Kosolapova
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
The North ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
The Russian Federation

Приведены основные результаты оценки адаптированных к условиям Севера сортов картофеля, сочетающих высокую урожайность и качество клубней, а также устойчивость к болезням. В питомниках конкурсного испытаний (2016 2018 годы) было изучено два сорта Зырянец и Вычегодский в сравнении со стандартным районированным в Республике Коми сортом Невский (среднеранний) и рекомендованным сортом Удача (раннеспелый). Новые сорта картофеля имеют следующие характеристики: урожайность 29,7 29,9 т/га, содержание крахмала 15,2 18,8, высокая устойчивость к грибным болезням (фитофтороз, альтернариоз) и рекомендуются к возделыванию вI Северном иIX Уральском регионах Российской Федерации.The article presents the main results of the assessment of potato varieties adapted to the conditions of the North, combining high yield and quality of tubers, as well as resistance to diseases. In the nurseries of competition tests (20162018), 2 varieties were studied Zyryanets and Vychegodsky in comparison with the standard Nevsky (medium early) variety zoned in the Komi Republic and the recommended variety Udacha (early ripe). As a result of field studies, new potato varieties have the following characteristics: yield 29.729.9 t/ha, starch content 15.218.8, high resistance to fungal diseases (late blight, alternaria) and recommended cultivation in the I North and IX Ural regions of the Russian Federation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document