scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation of the efficacy and safety of brimonidine for general anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Bin ◽  
Wang Xiaohui ◽  
Shi Mengrou ◽  
Li Xin ◽  
Zhang Ting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Chloral Hydrate ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Hypnotic Effect ◽  
Anesthetic Effect

Abstract Background To determine the hypnotic and analgesic effects of brimonidine, and evaluate its efficacy and safety for general anesthesia. Potentiation of pentobarbital sleeping time following brimonidine administration was observed in mice, as was the analgesic activity of brimonidine. Methods The median effective dose (ED50) and lethal dose (LD50) of intraperitoneally injected brimonidine were determined in hypnotized mice. In addition, the LD50 of intravenously injected brimonidine, and ED50 of intravenously, intramuscularly, and intrarectally injected brimonidine in hypnotized rabbits were determined. Finally, the synergistic anesthetic effect of brimonidine and chloral hydrate was evaluated in rabbits. Results Intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg brimonidine enhanced the hypnotic effect of a threshold dose of pentobarbital. Intraperitoneally injected brimonidine produced dose-related analgesic effects in mice. The ED50 of intraperitoneally administered brimonidine in hypnotized mice was 75.7 mg/kg and the LD50 was 379 mg/kg. ED50 values of intravenous, intramuscular, and intrarectal brimonidine for hypnosis in rabbits were 5.2 mg/kg, 8.8 mg/kg, and 8.7 mg/kg, respectively; the LD50 of intravenous brimonidine was 146 mg/kg. Combined intravenous administration of 0.6 mg/kg brimonidine and 0.03 g/kg chloral hydrate had a synergistic anesthetic effect. Conclusions Brimonidine elicited hypnotic and analgesic effects after systemic administration and exhibited safety. Moreover, brimonidine enhanced the effects of other types of narcotics when combined.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Brimonidine for General Anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Mengrou Shi ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Chloral Hydrate ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Hypnotic Effect

Abstract Background:To determine the hypnotic and analgesic effects of brimonidine, and evaluate its efficacy and safety for general anesthesia. Potentiation of pentobarbital sleeping time with brimonidine was observed in mice, as was analgesic activity of brimonidine.Methods:The median effective dose (ED50)and lethal dose (LD50) of intraperitoneally injected brimonidine were determined in hypnotized mice. In addition, LD50 of intravenously injected brimonidine, ED50 of intravenously , intramuscularly and intrarectally injected brimonidine in hypnotized rabbits were determined. The synergistic anesthetic effect of brimonidine and chloral hydrate on rabbits was evaluated. Results:Intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg brimonidine enhanced the hypnotic effect of a threshold dose of pentobarbital. Intraperitoneal injection brimonidine produced dose-related analgesic effects in mice. ED50 of intraperitoneally administered brimonidine in hypnotized mice was 75.7 mg/kg, and LD50 was 379 mg/kg. The ED50 of intravenous, intramuscular and intrarectal brimonidine for hypnosis in rabbits were 5.2 mg/kg, 8.8 mg/kg and 8.7mg/kg, respectively, and LD50 of intravenous brimonidine was 146 mg/kg. Combined intravenous administration of 0.6 mg/kg brimonidine and 0.03 g/kg chloral hydrate had a synergistic anesthetic effects.Conclusions:Brimonidine elicited hypnotic and analgesic effects after systemic administration, and exhibited safety. Brimonidine enhanced the effects of other types of narcotics when combined.

Cesarean section incisional infiltration with lidocaine and Epinephrine versus Lidocaine alone in reducing postoperative pain. A randomized controlled double-blinded clinical trial

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazem F El-Shahawy ◽  
Sherif F El-Mekkawi ◽  
. Haitham F Mohmmed ◽  
Hend M Afifi
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Anesthetic Effect

Abstract Background Cesarean section delivery is becoming more frequent. Childbirth is an emotion-filled event and the mother needs to bond with her newborn baby as early as possible. Any intervention that leads to improvement in pain relief is worthy of investigation Aim of the Work to assess the efficacy and safety adding ef Epinephrine to lidocaine 2% in dose-related manner 1:200.000 in prolongation of anesthetic effect of lidocaine as a local anesthetic to reduce post; caesarean section pain after general anesthesia. Patients and Methods A total number of 200 women planned for elective caesarean section at Shams University Maternity Hospital Was recruited, 2 groups were randomized with a study group included 100 women received lidocaine 2% and epinephrine in dose-related manner and a control group included 100 women received lidocaine 2% only. Results women who received lidocaine and epinephrine were more satisfied and hadsignificant more time after caesarean section free of pain in comparison to women who received lidocaine only by 120 minutes. Also. adding Of epinephrine helped in decrease in amount of analgesic consumption after caesarean section. Women who received lidocaine and epinephrine started breast feeding and mobilization earlier than women who received lidocaine only. Epinephrine prolonged the action of lidocaine as a local anesthetic, this prolongation of action of local anesthetic had a significant effect in early mobilization and breast feeding and decrease in cost of analgesics. Nobody in our candidate had a post-operative infection, past operative pyrexia, Allergic reactions tar general anesthesia or complications with local anesthesia. Conclusion Adding of epinephrine to local anesthetics (such as lidocaine 2% in dose-related manner 1:200.0000) prolonged anesthetic effect by more than double of its original anesthetic time, This prolongation on anesthetic effect of local anesthesia by epinephrine helps in eariy mobilization; early breast feeding and less hospital duration stays. No complications (local nor systemic) developed with local infiltration of post-caesarean section incision with lidocaine 2% even aficr adding epinephrine in dose-related manner 1:200.000

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Fospropofol Disodium for Injection in General Anesthesia Induction for Adult Patients: A Phase 3 Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Meng Wu ◽  
Wen-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Wei-Yi Zhang ◽  
Bo-Wen Ke
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Study Drug Administration

Background: Fospropofol disodium for injection (FospropofolFD) is a prodrug that is metabolized into propofol to produce a general anesthesia effect when administered intravenously.Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of FospropofolFD in comparison with propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injections (propofol-MCT/LCT) for general anesthesia induction in adult patients undergoing elective surgeries.Setting: Nine academic medical centers in China.Method: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-simulated, controlled, and non-inferiority trial evaluated 540 eligible adult patients randomly assigned (2:1) to the intervention (20 mg/kg FospropofolFD) or control (2 mg/kg propofol-MCT/LCT) groups.Main Outcome Measure: The primary efficacy endpoint was the success rate, defined as a Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score of 1 within 5 min after study drug administration. The safety endpoints consisted of adverse events (AEs) related to consciousness, cognitive function, hemodynamic status, liver and kidney function, and blood tests.Results: A total of 347 (96.3%) and 175 (97.2%) patients in the intervention and control groups, respectively, completed the study. The success rate for the primary outcome was 97.7% for both study drugs. The most frequent AEs in the intervention group were abnormal feeling (62.0%), blood pressure reduction (13.5%), and injection site pain (13.3%). No AEs related to consciousness and mental and cognitive functions or serious adverse events were reported.Conclusion: FospropofolFD (20 mg/kg) is not inferior to propofol-MCT/LCT (2 mg/kg) in general anesthesia induction for American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II adult patients undergoing elective surgeries. It is safe and effective for clinical use under anesthesiologist monitoring.Impact on Practice Statement: FospropofolFD can produce a general anesthesia effect and reduce the incidence of pain at the site of injection.

The Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Epidural Clonidine during General Anesthesia

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
So Yong Choi ◽  
Chong Dal Chung ◽  
Jung Tae Lee ◽  
Byung Sik Yu ◽  
Keum Young So
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Analgesic Effects

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Fentanyl as An Adjuvant with Bupivacaine and Lignocaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Sanjida Hasan ◽  
Ahmed Abu Nasar Chowdhury ◽  
Syeda Nafisa Khatoon ◽  
Md Harun OR Rashid ◽  
Md Rezaul Hoque Tipu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Upper Limb Surgery ◽  
Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block ◽  
Supraclavicular Block ◽  
Plexus Block

Background: Adding narcotics to local anesthetic is very effective in prolonging the analgesic effects. The aim of this study is to evaluation the efficacy and safety of fentanyl as an adjuvant with bupivacaine-lignocaine in supraclavicular block. Methods: This analytical study was carried out in the department of anesthesiology in Chittagong Medical College Hospital in collaboration with the department of orthopedic surgery over a period of 22 months starting from January 2012 to December 2014. A total 130 adult patients of either sex with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) health status I-II were selected for upper limb surgery under supraclavicular brachial plexus block was randomly allocated in to two groups of 65 patients in each. Group- C was received Distilled water 2ml and Group-F was received fentanyl 2ml (100 g) in 38ml of bupivacaine and lignocaine with adrenaline (Total volume of 40ml). Results: The mean onset of sensory & motor block was 10.49±0.75 min & 9.41±0.76 min in group-C and 7.60±3.711min & 9.23±5.114min in group-F. The duration of analgesia in group-C was 3.81±0.88 hrs and in group-F was 8.62±1.747 hrs. Conclusion: There was significantly prolonged duration of analgesia and better onset of sensory and motor block in fentanyl group without any unwanted effects. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (2); Jul 2018; Page 31-35

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety Curcuma zadoaria L. to Inactivate the Hydatid Cyst Protoscoleces

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Mahmoudvand ◽  
Mahbobeh Pakravanan ◽  
Farnaz Kheirandish ◽  
Sareh Jahanbakhsh ◽  
Maryam Sepahvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The present work aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of Curcuma zadoaria essential oil and to investigate its efficacy and safety against hydatid cyst protoscoleces. Methods: Collected protoscoleces from liver fertile hydatid cysts of infected sheep were exposed to different concentrations of the essential oil (75, 150, 300 μl/mL) for 5-30 min in vitro and ex vivo. Then, by using the eosin exclusion assay, the viability of protoscoleces was studied. In the next step, 24 male NMRI mice were examined to assess the toxicity of C. zadoaria essential oil by measuring the biochemical and hematological parameters. Results: Based on the obtained results, the LD50 value of intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil was 1.76 mL/kg of body weight and the maximum non-fatal dose was 0.96 mL/kg of body weight. C. zadoaria essential oil had a strong proto scolicidal activity in vitro so that at the 300 and 150 μl/ml entirely eliminates the parasite after 5 and 10 minutes; whereas, weak proto scolicidal activity was observed at lower doses. Ex vivo assay, no similar effect with in vitro was observed, therefore, more time is required to show a potent proto scolicidal activity. C. zadoaria essential oil at the concentrations of 300 and 150 μl/mL after an exposure time of 7 and 12 min, killed 100% of protoscoleces within the hydatid cyst, respectively. After intraperitoneal injection of the C. zadoaria essential oil for 2 weeks, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters at the doses of 0.15, 0.3, 0.6 mL/kg. Conclusion: The obtained results in vitro and ex vivo exhibited that C. zadoaria essential oil had a favorable proto scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscoleces. However, more supplementary works are required to verify these findings by assessing clinical subjects.

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