Does body mass index or waist-hip ratio correlate with arterial stiffness based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in Chinese rural adults with hypertension?

Abstract Background The relationship between obesity indices and arterial stiffness (AS) has not been fully discovered nor has it been studied in depth in large hypertensive patient populations. The aim of this study was to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) levels and AS based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in Chinese rural adults with hypertension. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed 5049 Chinese rural adults with essential hypertension. BMI was calculated as the body weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters (kg/m2). Central obesity was defined as WHR ≥ 0.9 for males and ≥ 0.85 for females. Measurement of arterial stiffness was carried out via brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results The prevalence of overweight, general obesity, central obesity and increased AS were 26.88%, 3.39%, 63.85% and 44.01%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI levels were negatively associated with the prevalence of increased AS (adjusted-OR per SD increase: 0.74, 95% CI 0.67–0.81, P < 0.001). When BMI was instead treated as a categorical variable divided into tertiles, the same relationship was observed (P for trend < 0.001). Inversely, WHR levels were positively associated with the prevalence of increased AS (adjusted-OR per SD increase: 1.25, 95% CI 1.14–1.36, P < 0.001). Compared to subjects without central obesity, those with central obesity had a higher prevalence of increased AS (adjusted-OR: 1.52, 95% CI 1.28–1.81, P < 0.001). Linear regression models indicated similar results in the correlation between BMI or WHR levels and baPWV levels (adjusted-β per SD increase: − 0.57, 95% CI − 0.68 to − 0.46, P < 0.001; adjusted-β per SD increase: 4.46, 95% CI 3.04–5.88, P < 0.001). There were no interactions in terms of age and blood pressure on the relationship between BMI or WHR levels and the prevalence of increased AS or baPWV levels. Conclusion There was an inverse relationship between BMI levels and increased AS or baPWV levels, whereas WHR levels and central obesity were positively associated with increased AS or baPWV levels in Chinese rural adults with hypertension.

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Body Mass Index or Waist-Hip Ratio, Which Correlated With Arterial Stiffness Based on Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Chinese Rural Adults With Hypertension?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-137504/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Hu ◽

Rihua Yu ◽

Fengyu Han ◽

Juan Li ◽

Wei Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Control Group ◽

Forest Plot ◽

General Obesity ◽

Waist Hip Ratio ◽

Rural Adults

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association betweenbody mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and arterial stiffness (AS) based on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in Chinese rural adults with hypertension.Methods: In this analysis, selected 5,049 Chinese rural adults with hypertension were divided into three groups according to BMI ( <24 kg/m2, control; 24‐28 kg/m2, overweight; and ≥28 kg/m2, obesity), WHR ≥0.9 for male and ≥0.85 for female was defined as central obesity, while baPWV ≥18.0 m/s was considered as increased AS. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the association between BMI, WHR (central obesity) and AS based on baPWV in different models. Furthermore, the generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting was used to visually show the relationship between BMI or WHR with baPWV. Finally, to ensure the robustness between BMI group or central obesity with increased AS, we also did the subgroup analyses that were performed using stratified multivariate regression and interaction analyses and presented in tabulated form or forest plot.Results: The prevalence of overweight, general obesity, central obesity and increased AS were 32.62%, 8.58%, 63.85% and 44.01%, respectively. In comparsion with control group, there are a statistically significant lower prevalence of increased AS in population with overweight or general obesity (adjusted-OR: 0.78, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92, P <0.001; adjusted-OR: 0.54, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.72, P <0.001, respectively; P for trend <0.001). Whereby in comparsion with non-central obesity group, there are an statistically significant higher prevalence of increased AS in population with central obesity (adjusted-OR: 1.54, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.83, P <0.001). The multivariate analyses indicated that BMI was negatively associated with baPWV (adjusted-β per SD increase: -0.49, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.38, P <0.001). In comparsion with control group, there are an statistically significant inversely relationship between BMI and baPWV in population with overweight or general obesity (adjusted-β: -0.55, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.35, P <0.001; adjusted-β: -1.00, 95% CI -1.32 to -0.67, P <0.001, respectively; P for trend <0.001). On the contrary, WHR was positively associated with baPWV (adjusted-β per SD increase: 0.27, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.38, P <0.001). In comparsion with non-central obesity group, there are a statistically significant positively relationship between WHR and baPWV in population with central obesity (adjusted-β: 0.55, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.75, P <0.001).Conclusion: We found that there was an inversely relationship between BMI and baPWV or increased AS, whereas WHR or central obesity is positively associated with baPWV and increased AS in Chinese rural adults with hypertension.

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Body Mass Index and Arterial Stiffness Are Associated With Greater Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Variability After Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/strokeaha.120.031179 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alastair J.S. Webb ◽

Amy Lawson ◽

Sara Mazzucco ◽

Linxin Li ◽

Peter M. Rothwell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Blood Pressure Variability ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Ischemic Attack ◽

The Relationship

Background and Purpose: Blood pressure variability (BPV) from beat to beat is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and enables rapid assessment of BPV, but the underlying causes of elevated BPV are unclear. Methods: In consecutive patients within 4 to 6 weeks of transient ischemic attack or nondisabling stroke (OXVASC [Oxford Vascular Study]), continuous noninvasive blood pressure was measured beat to beat over 5 minutes (Finometer). Arterial stiffness was measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (Sphygmocor). After automated and manual data cleaning, associations between BPV (residual coefficient of variation), demographic factors, and arterial stiffness were determined for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, by ANOVA and linear models. Relationships between demographic factors and arterial stiffness were determined by interaction terms and mediation. Results: Among 1013 patients, 54 (5.3%) were in AF, and 51 (5%) had low-quality recordings. In a general linear model including the remaining 908 participants, systolic BPV (SBPV) was most strongly associated with age ( P =0.00003), body mass index (BMI; P =0.003), and arterial stiffness ( P =0.008), with weaker independent associations with current smoking ( P =0.01) and a low diastolic blood pressure ( P =0.046). However, while there was a linear increase in SBPV with BMI in men, in women, SBPV was lowest for a BMI in the normal range but was greater below 20 or above 30 (ANOVA, P =0.012; BMI-sex interaction, P =0.03). Although BMI and pulse wave velocity were partially independent, increased pulse wave velocity mediated ≈32% of the relationship between increased BMI and SBPV ( P <0.001). Conclusions: Vascular aging, manifest as arterial stiffness, was a strong determinant of increased SBPV and partially mediated the effect of increased BMI. However, although high BMI was independently associated with SBPV in both sexes, a low BMI was associated with increased SBPV only in women. SBPV may partially mediate the relationship between BMI and cardiovascular events, while obesity may provide a modifiable target to reduce SBPV and cardiovascular events.

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Transitions in Metabolic Health and Associations With Arterial Stiffness Progression Across Body Mass Index Categories

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17735 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 1270-1277

Author(s):

Shouling Wu ◽

Lulu Song ◽

Lulin Wang ◽

Shuohua Chen ◽

Mingyang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Metabolic Health ◽

Metabolically Healthy Obese ◽

Metabolically Healthy

Metabolically healthy obesity is an unstable state and its transition to a metabolically unhealthy phenotype confers an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether changes in metabolic health over time are associated with arterial stiffness progression, a key player in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the associations of changes in metabolic health across body mass index categories with arterial stiffness and its progression. This study included 22 153 participants without cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline from the Kailuan Study. Arterial stiffness was assessed using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity at baseline and repeated after a mean follow-up of 3.1 years. Changes in metabolic health across body mass index categories were evaluated between the first survey (2006–2007) and the first brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity measurement. Multivariate linear regression models were used. Among initial metabolically healthy obese individuals, 53.4% (n=928) converted to a metabolically unhealthy phenotype. Compared with metabolically healthy normal-weight individuals who remained metabolically healthy, metabolically healthy obese individuals who converted to a metabolically unhealthy phenotype showed a 110.7 (95% CI, 90.8–130.6) cm/s higher increase in baseline brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and a 22.8 (95% CI, 12.4–33.2) cm/s per year higher acceleration in arterial stiffness progression. Individuals who were initially metabolically unhealthy or converted so during follow-up across body mass index categories had higher baseline brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness progression than those who remained metabolically healthy. These data suggest that metabolically healthy individuals who develop an unhealthy phenotype across all body mass index categories are at increased risks of arterial stiffness and its progression.

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The Relationship between Effective Arterial Capacitance and Pulse Wave Velocity is Dependent on Left Ventricular Stroke Volume

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319708315306 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 82-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Oladipupo Olafiranye ◽

Ghazanfar Qureshi ◽

Louis Salciccioli ◽

Kinda Vernon-Jones ◽

Charles Philip ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Stroke Volume ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Aortic Pressure ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Applanation Tonometry ◽

The Relationship

Background increased arterial stiffness is a predictor of cardiovascular events. The stroke volume (SV) to pulse pressure (PP) ratio is an estimate of arterial capacitance. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a measure of arterial stiffness. This study evaluated the effect of left ventricular (LV) SV on the SV/PP–PWV relationship. Methods 97 patients had applanation tonometry and echocardiography to measure arterial capacitance (SV/PP), PWV, and central aortic pressure. Results 50 patients had normal SV and 47 had low SV. For all patients, PWV inversely correlated with SV/PP. PWV and SV/PP correlated more strongly in the normal SV group than in the low SV group. Aortic PP was significantly correlated with PWV in all patients, in the normal SV group, and in the low SV group. Conclusion effective arterial capacitance correlates with PWV. The presence of decreased SV weakens the relationship.

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CRITICAL INFLUENCE OF PULSE WAVE TRAVEL DISTANCE AND BODY MASS INDEX ON CAROTID-FEMORAL PULSE WAVE VELOCITY VALUES: PP.10.384

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/01.hjh.0000378708.22720.76 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. e165

Author(s):

N Levi ◽

S Akakpo ◽

H Affes-Ayadi ◽

E Fougeres ◽

AI Tropeano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Travel Distance ◽

Wave Travel

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Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity is Associated With the Risk of Osteoporosis: A Cross-Sectional Evidence From A Chinese Community-Based Cohort

10.21203/rs.3.rs-80643/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kun Tang ◽

Qiao Zhang ◽

Nianchun Peng ◽

Ying Hu ◽

Shujing Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Association of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis has been investigated in Chinese population. However, the relationship between arterial stiffness and osteoporosis by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the Osteoporosis Self‐assessment Tool for Asia (OSTA) index is not established. The object of this study was to evaluate possible associations between baPWV and the risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture among a population of Chinese. Whether baPWV can be used as a predictor of osteoporosis on OSTA was further assessed. Methods: This study was cross-sectional in design. Of 3,984 adults aged 40 years and older in the Yunyan district of Guiyang (Guizhou, China) who underwent both OSTA and baPWV measurements within one month , 1,407 were deemed eligible for inclusion (women: 1,088, men: 319) . Results: The mean baPWV was 1,475 ± 302 cm/s (range,766-3,459cm/s). baPWV in 110 individuals with high risk of osteoporosis (OSTA index < -4) was higher than that of individuals with non-high risk (1,733 ± 461 cm/s versus 1,447 ± 304 cm/s, P<0.001). OSTA index was negatively correlated with baPWV（ρ = -0.296，P < 0.001）after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance rate. baPWV was an independent predictor for the presence of high risk of osteoporosis (β = -0.001, P < 0.001) and the optimal baPWV cut-off value for predicting the presence of high risk of osteoporosis and fracture was 1,693 cm/s. The AUC was 0.722 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.667‐0.777; P < 0.001). Conclusions: We conclude that arterial stiffness measured by baPWV is well correlated with the severity of osteoporosis evaluated by OSTA. baPWV index may be a valuable tool for identifying individuals with risk of developing osteoporosis.

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The Relationship Between eNOS (G894T ) Gene Polymorphism and Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.9.6532 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (9) ◽

pp. 2351-2356 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Angela Cozma ◽

Adela Sitar Taut ◽

Olga Orasan ◽

Lucia Maria Procopciuc ◽

Anca Daniela Farcas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Enos Gene ◽

The Relationship ◽

G894t Polymorphism

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clustering entity characterized by obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Atherosclerotic lesions may be a complication of MS, arising from endothelial dysfunction and induced by decreased nitric oxide (NO) production. NO is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), encoded by the NOS3 gene, and displays anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antiproliferative effects.We aimed to investigate the relationship between the G894T polymorphism of the eNOS gene and metabolic syndrome (including its components) and the association of this polymorphism with arterial function, assessed by determining pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index.The study included 100 consecutive patients, 55% with metabolic syndrome (based on IDF criteria -study group), 45% without MS (control group). Arterial stiffness was measured using TensioMedTMArteriograph. The presence of the homozygous (TT) or heterozygous (GT) state was associated, compared to subjects without the mutation (GG), with an increased prevalence of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, with an increase of abdominal circumference, an increase of triglycerides, without significantly influencing the level of HDL. No significant differences were found between patients with G894T polymorphism compared to those without the mutation regarding the arterial stiffness. The eNOS gene polymorphism: 894G]T was significantly associated with the presence of MS; the polymorphism in homozygous and heterozygous state was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. G894T polymorphism did not significantly influence the values of the studied arterial parameters (pulse wave velocity, aortic and brachial augmentation index).

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1236-P: Association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (BAPWV) in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db21-1236-p ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1236-P

Author(s):

YAO CHEN ◽

BINGWEI MA ◽

SHEN QU ◽

XINGCHUN WANG ◽

DONG WEI

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave

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The Relationship Between Carotid Artery Structural Abnormality and Stiffness in Patients With Prehypertension

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpab043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 888-888

Author(s):

Ling-yu Zhang ◽

Jian-hua Li ◽

Yi-hua Shen ◽

Guo-yan Xu ◽

Ying Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Structural Abnormality ◽

Resting Heart Rate ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background To investigate the difference of carotid structural abnormality and stiffness, and the relationship between carotid structural abnormality and stiffness in prehypertensive and normotensive subjects. Methods A total of 581 participants (270 with prehypertension, 311 normotensive control subjects) from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were enrolled from January 2017 to March 2019. Body height/weight, resting heart rate, and blood pressure were recorded. Blood biochemical indexes and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity were determined, and carotid ultrasonography was performed. Carotid intima–media thickness ≥1.0 mm and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity ≥10.0 m/s were defined as carotid structural abnormality and arterial stiffness, respectively. Results The percentage of patients with carotid structural abnormality (60.7% vs. 51.4%), carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity [(8.78 ± 1.48) vs. (7.92 ± 1.30) m/s], and the percentage of patients with arterial stiffness (13.7% vs. 5.8%) were increased in the prehypertension group compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). In the prehypertension group, the percentage of patients with arterial stiffness in the abnormal carotid structure subgroup (n = 164) was higher than that in the normal carotid structure subgroup (n = 106) (20.1% vs. 3.8%, χ2 = 14.551, P < 0.001). Furthermore, carotid structural abnormality, age, diabetes mellitus, resting heart rate, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, and hypoglycemic therapy were all correlated with arterial stiffness (all P < 0.05). After adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that carotid structural abnormality, age, diabetes mellitus, and resting heart rate were independently correlated with arterial stiffness, and patients with carotid structural abnormality had 5.25-fold higher risk of arterial stiffness than those with a normal carotid arterial structure (odds ratio = 5.250, 95% confidence interval 1.580–17.448, P = 0.007). However, in the normotensive group, no such relationships were observed between carotid artery structural abnormality and stiffness. Conclusions In prehypertensives but not normotensives, carotid artery structural abnormalities and stiffness are common, and independently correlated.

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