scholarly journals Association between exercise and health-related quality of life and medical resource use in elderly people with diabetes: a cross-sectional population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Cheng Huang ◽  
Chien-Chin Hsu ◽  
Chong-Chi Chiu ◽  
Hung-Jung Lin ◽  
Jhi-Joung Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Medical Resource ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality

Abstract Background Exercise improves glycemic control and functional capacity in elderly people with diabetes; however, its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and medical resource use remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the effect of exercise. Methods Using the data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 and 2016, we identified 1572 elderly people with diabetes for this cross-sectional population-based study. Demographic characteristics, health conditions, comorbidities, HRQoL, and medical resource were compared among four groups (no exercise, low-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise, and high-intensity exercise). Results The mean age of all participants was between 71.5 and 73.3 years. Male participants with higher education performed more exercise than their counterparts. The moderate- and high-intensity groups reported better general health condition than the no exercise group. Depression and worse health were more common in the no exercise group. Participants in the moderate-intensity exercise group had lower risk for depression than those in the no exercise group (adjusted odds ratio: 0.13, 95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.92) after adjusting for demographic characteristics, health conditions, and comorbidities, whereas participants in the low- and high-intensity exercise did not have a lower risk. The no exercise group had the highest proportions of emergency, hospitalization, and total healthcare visits. Conclusions Exercise is associated with better HRQoL, and lack of exercise is associated with higher medical resource use in elderly people with diabetes. Encouraging exercise is recommended in this population.

Positive Effects of Probiotics on Motor Coordination and Brain during Moderate and High-Intensity Exercise in Adolescent Female Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Jun Park ◽  
Junechul Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lower Records

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotics on inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters, and motor functions during different levels of exercise. Methods Female adolescent mice (n=140) were divided into two groups, of which one group was fed probiotics and the other group was not. For both groups, three levels of exercise were conducted: non-exercise, moderate-intensity exercise, and high-intensity exercise. Probiotics acquisition and aerobic treadmill exercise were the main variables during the growth period. We evaluated motor function with a rotarod test and analyzed cytokines and neurotransmitters in the cerebellum. Results In acceleration mode, the moderate and high-intensity exercise groups showed longer running times than the non-exercise groups (P<0.001). Also, the probiotic-ingestion group had longer latency before falling than those who did not take probiotics in both the high-intensity and the non-exercise groups (P=0.002, P=0.002, respectively). In steady-state mode, the non-exercise group showed lower records compared with the moderate and high-intensity exercise groups (P=0.017, P=0.004, respectively). The inflammatory cytokine levels were high in the groups that performed moderate and high-intensity exercises, but the high levels were relieved in those taking probiotics. The GABA concentration was high for the exercise group and the probiotic-ingestion group. Conclusion Taken together, probiotics help improve motor skills during moderate and high-intensity exercise and help relieve inflammatory responses in the brain. Thus, we suggest that probiotics can be a useful supplement for brain and body development during exercise in adolescence.

scholarly journals Effect of Treadmill Exercise and Probiotic Ingestion on Motor Coordination and Brain Activity in Adolescent Mice

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Junechul Kim ◽  
Bo-Eun Yoon ◽  
Yong Kyun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Exercise Interventions

High-intensity exercise can lead to chronic fatigue, which reduces athletic performance. On the contrary, probiotic supplements have many health benefits, including improvement of gastrointestinal health and immunoregulation. However, the effects of probiotics combined with exercise interventions on motor functions and brain activity have not been fully explored. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effects of probiotic supplements and aerobic exercise on motor function, immune response, and exercise intensity and probiotic ingestion. After four weeks of intervention, the motor functions were assessed by rotarod test, then the levels of cytokines, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate were detected. The improvement caused by the intake of probiotics in the moderate-intensity exercise group and the non-exercise group in the accelerating mode rotarod was significant (p = 0.038, p < 0.001, respectively). In constant-speed mode, the moderate-intensity exercise group with probiotic ingestion recorded longer runs than the corresponding non-exercise group (p = 0.023), and the improvement owing to probiotics was significant in all groups—non-exercise, moderate, and high-intensity (p = 0.036, p = 0.036, p = 0.012, respectively). The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were lower, whereas GABA was higher in the probiotics-ingested group. Taken together, exercise and probiotics in adolescence could positively affect brain and motor function.

scholarly journals Health-Related Quality of Life and Medical Resource Use in Patients with Osteoporosis and Depression: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Feng Weng ◽  
Hui-Ru Hsu ◽  
Yao-Lin Weng ◽  
Kai-Jen Tien ◽  
Hao-Yun Kao
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Medical Resource ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background: Patients with either osteoporosis or depression are prone to develop other diseases and require more medical resources than do the general population. However, there are no studies on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and medical resource use by osteoporosis patients with comorbid depression. We conducted this study for clarifying it. Methods: This cross-sectional study from 2005 to 2010 (6 years) analyzed 9776 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) patients > 40 years old. Each patient was assigned to one of four groups: osteoporosis-positive(+) and depression-positive(+) (O+/D+); O+/D−; O−/D+; O−/D−. We used multivariate linear and logistic regression model to analyze the HRQoL and medical resource use between groups. Results: The O+/D+ group reported more unhealthy days of physical health, more unhealthy days of mental health, and more inactive days during a specified 30 days. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of O+/D+ patients who had poor general health (7.40, 95% CI = 4.80–11.40), who needed healthcare (3.25, 95% CI = 2.12–5.00), and who had been hospitalized overnight (2.71, 95% CI = 1.89–3.90) were significantly highest. Conclusions: Low HRQoL was significantly more prevalent in D+/O+ patients. We found that depression severity more significantly affected HRQoL than did osteoporosis. However, both diseases significantly increased the risk of high medical resource use.

EFFECT OF LOW-, MODERATE-, AND HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE ON ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (ANP) AND SARCOPLASMIC/ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) GENE EXPRESSION IN WISTAR RAT CARDIAC MUSCLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Averina Octaxena Aslani ◽  
Hanna Goenawan ◽  
Nova Sylviana
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

Exercise is one of the factors that affect cardiovascular health. Exercise has been proven to reduce the number of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is also known that doing intense exercise has an adverse effect on heart health which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. While doing exercise, there is compensation from the heart itself by producing substances to maintain the heart to remain functional, known as cardiac biomarkers, including ANP and SERCA2a. Thus far, the recommended intensity is moderate-intensity exercise, which is optimal for heart health, but this recommendation has not been supported by biomolecular study. Therefore, this research was conducted. This study was done using semi-quantitative analytic method and experimental study design. Total of 24 male wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: 1 control group (0m/min) and 3 exercise groups (low-: 10m/min, moderate-: 20m/min, high- intensity exercise: 30m/min). All groups received 30 min/day running, 5x/week for 12 weeks. The rats were terminated under anaesthesia, cardiac muscle extraction was done from left ventricle, and gene expression of ANP and SERCA2a is studied. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software with one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc comparisons if the p-values < 0.05. The expression of ANP increased but insignificant in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise group of rat (0.8720.034 vs 0.9010.018 vs 0.9160.015 vs 0.9380.025; p=0.304). The expression of SERCA2a also increased insignificantly in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise group of rat (1.0440.019 vs 1.0510.015 vs 1.0630.011 vs 1.0820.027; p=0.493). Different exercise intensity didnt have significant effect on ANP and SERCA2a expression in rat cardiac muscle.

Safety and outcomes of a structured exercise programme in young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the SAFE-HCM trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Basu ◽  
P Poveda Velazquez ◽  
G Parry-Williams ◽  
C Miles ◽  
F Tilby-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Background Contemporary studies in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) suggest that moderate intensity exercise can improve cardiorespiratory fitness without raising significant safety concerns. Although low/moderate intensity exercise may be appropriate for older HCM patients, it is unlikely to attract younger, often asymptomatic patients, who wish to engage in higher intensity regimes. Purpose To assess the feasibility, safety and outcomes of an individually tailored, high intensity exercise programme in young patients with HCM. Methods In this RCT, 80 patients with HCM, aged 16–60 (mean 45.7, [SD8.6]) underwent baseline testing with ECG, echocardiography, blood testing, exercise testing, 48-hour ECG and psychological assessment. Individuals were randomised to a 12-week supervised exercise programme (HRR increased from 70–85%) (n=40) or usual activity (n=40). Baseline investigations were repeated at 12 weeks. Feasibility was assessed by a) recruitment, adherence and retention rates; b) staffing ratios and logistics; c) acceptability of the intervention/educational materials. Safety was assessed as a composite of 1) cardiovascular death, 2) cardiac arrest, 3) device therapy, 4) exercise induced syncope, 5) sustained/non-sustained (NS) ventricular tachycardia (VT) or 6) sustained atrial arrhythmias. Secondary outcomes included health and psychological benefits. Results 67 individuals (82.5%) completed the study. Reasons for refusal included travel, work and family commitments. The majority (64.7%) of exercising individuals progressed to 85%HRR. Resource requirements were similar to other programmes. All individuals felt supported, more confident to exercise, and found educational materials clear and informative. There was no significant difference between groups for the composite safety outcome. One individual experienced exercise induced syncope due to ventricular standstill (exercise) and another sustained VT (control). Both required device implantation. There was no significant difference between groups in episodes of NSVT (p=0.573) or ectopic burden (p=0.729). At 12 weeks, exercise group participants demonstrated greater activity levels (+1.1 hours [CI 0.2–2.1], p=0.024). The change in peak aerobic capacity (+255.2ml/min [CI 93.2–417.1], p=0.003), time to anaerobic threshold (AT) (+115s [CI 54.2–176.0], p&lt;0.001), total exercise time (+108.1s [CI 33.1–183.0], p=0.005) and oxygen uptake at AT (+2.44ml/kg/min [CI 0.6–4.2], p=0.009) were all significantly greater in the exercise group. HADS anxiety (p&lt;0.001) and depression (p=0.017) scores demonstrated the greatest reduction in the exercise group. Conclusions A high intensity exercise programme is feasible in young patients with HCM, with considerable gains in cardiorespiratory fitness and psychological outcomes. Importantly, arrhythmia burden was not increased in the exercise group. Further research is still required to assess the long-term safety of high intensity exercise in the HCM population. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Cardiac Risk in the Young

scholarly journals Observational Study of the Effect of Moderate and High-Intensity Exercise on Insomnia

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
David Redding ◽  
Angela Maron ◽  
Emily Venvertloh ◽  
Tania Ghazarian ◽  
Erika Polanco
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Sleep Log ◽  
Noise Disturbances

The purpose of this observational study is to determine whether moderate-intensity exercises improve the quality of sleep for subjects with insomnia. The duration of this observational study was four weeks. For the first two weeks of the observational study, subjects served as their own control and completed a sleep log. At the beginning of the third week, subjects were randomly split into (1) Group One with moderate-intensity exercise or (2) Group Two with high-intensity exercise. Two-tailed t-tests displayed significant improvements in quality of sleep with the implementation of both moderate and high-intensity exercise. However, Group One participants were found to feel significantly more well-rested than Group Two. The moderate-intensity exercise group showed improvement in quality of sleep, the number of awakenings, and restfulness. In comparison, the high-intensity exercise group demonstrated improvement in the number of awakenings and daytime sleepiness; although, without reported improvement in sleep quality. There were variables in participants’ sleeping environments, including changes in sleep location, travel, sleep-inducing medication, alcohol use, anxiety, unanticipated noise disturbances, and use of electronic devices before bed that was not controlled for in this observational study.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LOW-, MODERATE-, AND HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE ON ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (ANP) AND SARCOPLASMIC/ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) GENE EXPRESSION IN WISTAR RAT CARDIAC MUSCLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Averina Octaxena Aslani ◽  
Hanna Goenawan ◽  
Nova Sylviana
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

Exercise is one of the factors that affect cardiovascular health. Exercise has been proven to reduce the number of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is also known that doing intense exercise has an adverse effect on heart health which can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. While doing exercise, there is compensation from the heart itself by producing substances to maintain the heart to remain functional, known as cardiac biomarkers, including ANP and SERCA2a. Thus far, the recommended intensity is moderate-intensity exercise, which is optimal for heart health, but this recommendation has not been supported by biomolecular study. Therefore, this research was conducted. This study was done using semi-quantitative analytic method and experimental study design. Total of 24 male wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: 1 control group (0m/min) and 3 exercise groups (low-: 10m/min, moderate-: 20m/min, high- intensity exercise: 30m/min). All groups received 30 min/day running, 5x/week for 12 weeks. The rats were terminated under anaesthesia, cardiac muscle extraction was done from left ventricle, and gene expression of ANP and SERCA2a is studied. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software with one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc comparisons if the p-values < 0.05. The expression of ANP increased but insignificant in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise group of rat (0.872±0.034 vs 0.901±0.018 vs 0.916±0.015 vs 0.938±0.025; p=0.304). The expression of SERCA2a also increased insignificantly in low-, moderate-, and high-intensity exercise group of rat (1.044±0.019 vs 1.051±0.015 vs 1.063±0.011 vs 1.082±0.027; p=0.493). Different exercise intensity didn’t have significant effect on ANP and SERCA2a expression in rat cardiac muscle.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Intensity Exercise on Glucose Metabolism and Hepatic IRS/PI3K/AKT Pathway in SD Rats Exposed with TCDD

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13141
Author(s):  
Huohuo Wang ◽  
Juanjuan Wang ◽  
Yihua Zhu ◽  
Huiping Yan ◽  
Yifan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Toxic Group

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of different intensity exercise and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure on glucose metabolism in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, as well as the action of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase (AKT) signaling pathway in it. Besides that, we explored whether exercise can alleviate the toxicity induced by TCDD. Sixty male SD rats (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into non-exercise group, none-exercise toxic group, moderate-intensity exercise group, moderate-intensity exercise toxic group, high-intensity exercise group, high-intensity exercise toxic group. The toxic groups were intraperitoneally injected with TCDD, which the dose was 6.4 µg/kg· BW for the first week, then 21% of the above week dose for continuous 8 weeks. The 8-week treadmill running of moderate intensity (15 m/min, 60 min/day) and high intensity (26 m/min, 35 min/day) were implemented separately in exercise groups five times a week. After detecting the concentration of fasting serum glucose, insulin and C-peptide, the index of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and islet β-cell secretion (HOMA-β) were calculated. We measured the hepatic mRNA expression levels of IRS2, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), AKT by real-time PCR. The protein expression of total IRS2 (tIRS2), phosphorylated IRS2 at Ser731 (pSer731), total PIK3CA (tPIK3CA), total Akt (tAkt), phosphorylated Akt at Thr308 (pThr308) in liver were analyzed by western blot. We observed that compared to the non-exercise group, insulin and HOMA-IR index were significantly higher in the none-exercise toxic group (p < 0.05), while glucose, insulin, C-peptide and HOMA-IR index were significantly lower in the moderate-intensity exercise group (p < 0.05). In the high-intensity exercise group, the HOMA-IR index was significantly lower and the gene expression of IRS2 was significantly higher than in the non-exercise group (p < 0.05). Besides that, the HOMA-β index in the moderate-intensity exercise toxic group was significantly higher compared to the none-exercise toxic group and moderate-intensity exercise group (p < 0.05). The level of IRS2mRNA was significantly lower in the high-intensity exercise toxic group than in the high-intensity exercise group (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that 8-week TCDD exposure could induce insulin resistance in rats, while exercise could improve insulin sensitivity in which moderate intensity was more obvious than high intensity exercise. Meanwhile, both intensity exercise could not effectively alleviate the insulin resistance induced by TCDD, but high intensity exercise could promote compensatory insulin secretion to maintain glucose homeostasis. Although the gene expression of IRS2 was changed in high-intensity exercise groups, the mediation role of the hepatic IRS2/PI3K/AKT pathway in the effects of exercise and TCDD exposure on glucose metabolism remains very limited.

Six-month outcomes of a high intensity exercise programme in young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: The SAFE-HCM trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Basu ◽  
S Jayakumar ◽  
C Miles ◽  
G Parry-Williams ◽  
H Maclachlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Cardiac Risk in the Young Background Moderate intensity exercise training in older patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can improve functional capacity, without significant harm. However, younger patients are attracted to high intensity training (HIT) regimes. The SAFE-HCM study demonstrated that an individually tailored, HIT programme in young patients with HCM was feasible, and provided both health and psychological benefits, without an increase in the burden of arrhythmia. Purpose To assess whether observed benefits of a HIT programme in young patients with HCM are sustained at 6 months. Methods Eighty patients with HCM (45.7y+/-8.6) underwent baseline clinical and psychological assessment. Individuals were randomised to a 12-week HIT programme (n = 40) or usual care (n = 40). Baseline evaluation was repeated at 12 weeks (T12). Feasibility, safety, health and psychological benefits were assessed. At 12-weeks individuals were encouraged to continue with the frequency and intensity of physical activity (PA) achieved at the end of the cardiac rehabilitation programme. Participants in the exercise arm were invited to follow-up at 6 months (T6m). Results The majority (83%) of participants completed the 12-week study. At T12 there was no significant difference between groups in the composite arrhythmia safety outcome (p = 0.99). The indices of exercise capacity were significantly improved in the exercise compared to the control group; peak VO2 (+3.7ml/kg/min [CI 1.1,6.3], p = 0.006), VO2/kg at anaerobic threshold (VO2/kgAT) (+2.44ml/kg/min [CI 0.6,4.2], p = 0.009), time to AT (+115s [CI 54.3,175.9], p &lt; 0.001) and exercise time (max ET) (+108s [CI 33.7,182.2], p = 0.005). The exercise group also demonstrated greater reduction in systolic BP (-7.3mmHg [CI -11.7,-2.8], p = 0.002), BMI (-0.8kg/m2 [CI-1.1,-0.4], p &lt; 0.001), anxiety (-2.6 [CI-3.6,-1.6], p= &lt;0.001) and depression (-1.1 [CI -2.0,-0.2], p = 0.015) scores. At T6m patient reported exercise adherence was comparable to baseline PA in 33/34 of the exercise group attending for follow up. Most exercise gains dissipated with the exception of time to AT (p = 0.002), max ET (p = 0.003), VO2/kgAT (p = 0.04) and anxiety score (p &lt; 0.001) (Figure 1). There were no sustained episodes of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias. The incidence of NSVT did not differ between time points (p = 0.09). Conclusion A 12-week HIT programme in young patients with HCM offers considerable gains in fitness and psychological outcomes, with no increase in arrhythmic burden. At T6m exercise levels as well as most physiological adaptations and health benefits returned to baseline, as seen in other studies when formal participation in an exercise programme comes to an end. This highlights the importance of the implementation of strategies to encourage ongoing engagement in PA. Potential solutions include identification of barriers to exercise, as well as adoption of novel tele-rehabilation approaches. Abstract Figure 1 Sustained benefits at T6m

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