scholarly journals A case report of visceral leishmaniasis and malaria co-infection with pancytopenia and splenomegaly - a diagnostic challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Gautam Ghimire ◽  
Prasanna Ghimire ◽  
Jyoti Adhikari ◽  
Anurag Chapagain
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
World Population ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abstract Background Leishmaniasis and malaria are tropical diseases with more than half of the world population at risk of infection resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Co-infection of Leishmaniasis and malaria pose a great challenge in the diagnosis as well as overall management. Case presentation In this case report, we present a rare case of a 5 years old child hailing from non-endemic region of Nepal with history of fever for a period of 3 months who was diagnosed as co-infection of malaria due to Plasmodium vivax and visceral Leishmaniasis with pancytopenia that subsequently improved after a course of treatment. Conclusions A high index of suspicion for a possibility of co-infection with Leishmaniasis and malaria should be borne in mind when an individual hailing from or having history of travel to endemic countries presents with prolonged fever.

scholarly journals Nicotine stomatitis in smokers: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Doni MS. Prabowo ◽  
Haris B. Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
World Population ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
White Spots ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse nicotine stomatitis in smokers. Of the world population that consumes tobacco, Asia and Australia make up 57% of tobacco consumers. Tobacco can be consumed by various ways such as smoked tobacco, commonly known as cigarettes, or smokeless tobacco. Cigarettes are known to cause nicotine stomatitis in the oral cavity.Methods: A 28-year-old man patient came with complaints of white spots on his hard palate. The patient has a medical history of asthma as a child and has been taking salbutamol. The patient has been smoking 3 packs of cigarettes a day since being 16 years old.Results: Nicotine stomatitis that occurs on the hard palate appears as circular reddish shapes on the orifice of minor salivary glands. These lesions are formed from physically irritation caused by smoking. The lesions were benign and reversible.Conclusion: Thought appropriate examination and treatment, these lesions were healed.

Vulvar Leiomyomatosis: A Diagnostic Challenge Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-83
Author(s):  
Malihe Hasanzadeh ◽  
Somayeh Moeindarbari ◽  
Leila Mousavi Seresht ◽  
Amir Hosein Jafarian ◽  
Anahita Hamidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumors ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Vulvar leiomyomas are rare and usually misdiagnosed as Bartholin’s cyst on initial presentation. Leiomyoma of vulva accounts for only 0.03% of all gynecological neoplasm. Definite diagnosis is based on surgical excision of the tumor. The aim of this report is to introduce a case of leiomyoma of the vulva which was initially misdiagnosed as Bartholin’s cyst. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 36-year old virgin female (BMI>30) who was referred to the clinic with a 5-year history of left labial mass which was initially diagnosed as Bartholin’s cyst. The mass was removed and the pathologist confirmed that the final diagnosis was vulvar leiomyoma. Conclusion: Vulvar leiomyoma is usually misdiagnosed with Bartholin cyst and distinguishing between benign and malignant forms is confusing, so it is a diagnostic challenge. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice in all smooth muscle tumors of the vulva. Continuing follow-up after treatment is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Obturator hernia: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kendall Major ◽  
Madiha Aziz ◽  
Jay Collins
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Small Bowel Resection ◽  
Obturator Hernia ◽  
Uneventful Recovery ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Obturator hernia is rare and accounts for less than 1% of all abdominal wall hernias. It represents a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific signs and symptoms. Case presentation We present a case of an 89-year-old caucasian female with a 12-hour history of right medial thigh pain. Computed tomography scan revealed a right obturator hernia with small bowel obstruction. The hernia was successfully repaired laparoscopically without any need for small bowel resection. She was discharged on postoperative day 2 with an uneventful recovery and zero complications. Conclusion This case report highlights the importance of rapid diagnosis and repair of obturator hernia even in the setting of an improving clinical picture. It also demonstrates the safety of laparoscopic repair in this setting.

An Obscure Colon Dilatation and its Underlying Cause: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Anton Stift ◽  
Kerstin Wimmer ◽  
Felix Harpain ◽  
Katharina Wöran ◽  
Thomas Mang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Idiopathic Megacolon ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Introduction: Congenital as well as acquired diseases may be responsible for the development of a megacolon. In adult patients, Clostridium difficile associated infection as well as late-onset of Morbus Hirschsprung disease are known to cause a megacolon. In addition, malignant as well as benign colorectal strictures may lead to intestinal dilatation. In case of an idiopathic megacolon, the underlying cause remains unclear. Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 44-year-old male patient suffering from a long history of chronic constipation. He presented himself with an obscurely dilated large intestine with bowel loops up to 17 centimeters in diameter. Radiological as well as endoscopic examination gave evidence of a spastic process in the sigmoid colon. The patient was treated with a subtotal colectomy and the intraoperative findings revealed a stenotic stricture in the sigmoid colon. Since the histological examination did not find a conclusive reason for the functional stenosis, an immunohistochemical staining was advised. This showed a decrease in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the stenotic part of the sigmoid colon. Discussion: This case report describes a patient with an idiopathic megacolon, where the underlying cause remained unclear until an immunohistochemical staining of the stenotic colon showed a substantial decrease of ICCs. Various pathologies leading to a megacolon are reviewed and discussed.

CASE REPORT: RARE FORM OF HIRSCHPRUNG’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
Ilja Skalskis
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Total Colonic Aganglionosis ◽  
Sphincter Function ◽  
Anal Sphincter Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a developmental disorder characterized by the absence of ganglia in the distal colon, resulting in a functional obstruction. Incidence of total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) is 1 in 500 000 and it accounts for 5-10% of all cases of HD. HD should be suspected in patients with typical clinical symptoms and a high index of suspicion is appropriate for infants with a predisposing condition such as Down Syndrome (DS), or for those with a family history of HD. The treatment of choice for HD is surgical, such as Swenson, Soave, and Duhamel procedures. The goals are to resect the affected segment of the colon, bring the normal ganglionic bowel down close to the anus, and preserve internal anal sphincter function. We present a clinical case report of TCA in a child with Down syndrome (DS) and review of literature.

scholarly journals Cerebral venous thrombosis in a patient with Down syndrome and coronavirus disease 2019: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Robayo-Amortegui ◽  
Natalia Valenzuela-Faccini ◽  
Cesar Quecano-Rosas ◽  
Darlyng Zabala-Muñoz ◽  
Michel Perez-Garzon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Hispanic Woman ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The World

Abstract Background The new coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has spread throughout most of the world. Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare thromboembolic disease that can present as an extrapulmonary complication in coronavirus disease 2019 infection. Case presentation We report the case of a Hispanic woman with Down syndrome who has coronavirus disease 2019 and presents as a complication extensive cerebral venous thrombosis. Conclusions Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare thromboembolic disease that can present as an extrapulmonary complication in coronavirus disease 2019 infection. In the absence of clinical and epidemiological data, it is important to carry out further investigation of the risk factors and pathophysiological causes related to the development of cerebrovascular thrombotic events in patients with Down syndrome with coronavirus disease 2019 infection.

scholarly journals The spontaneous resolution of a vortex vein varix: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L Weidmayer ◽  
Hakan Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Clinical Resolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vortex Vein ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background The natural course of a vortex vein varix, though not well understood, has been known to remain stable. However, here we report a novel case of a vortex vein varix that resolved after an extended period of monitoring. Case presentation An asymptomatic 96-year-old Caucasian man was found to have a vortex vein varix. At his previous examination 13 months prior, his fundus was normal. At 13 months of observation, his vortex vein varix become clinically undetectable. Further follow-up confirmed continued absence of the varix. Conclusion This case demonstrates the development then clinical resolution of a vortex vein varix with no clear identifiable factors for its evolution. This case is novel and offers new insight into the natural history of some vortex vein varices, implicating venous congestion as an instigator and venous collateralization as its alleviator, suggesting that vortex vein varices are likely more common than previously reported since some may be temporary and under-identified.

scholarly journals Concomitant hepatic tuberculosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind S. Alsaif ◽  
Ali Hassan ◽  
Osamah Refai ◽  
Khaled Awary ◽  
Haitham Kussaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Malignancy ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Hepatic Tuberculosis ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abdominal Examination ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy that is strongly associated with chronic liver disease. Isolated hepatic tuberculosis is an uncommon type of tuberculosis. Concomitant occurrence of both conditions is extremely rare. Case presentation We report the case of a 47-year-old man who presented with fever and abdominal pain for 3 months prior to presentation. He reported a history of anorexia and significant weight loss. Abdominal examination revealed a tender, enlarged liver. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a solid heterogeneous hepatic mass with peripheral arterial enhancement, but no venous washout, conferring a radiological impression of suspected cholangiocarcinoma. However, a CT-guided biopsy of the lesion resulted in the diagnosis of concomitant HCC and isolated hepatic tuberculosis. Conclusion A rapid increase in tumor size should draw attention to the possibility of a concomitant infectious process. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis, especially in patients from endemic areas, in order to initiate early and proper treatment.

scholarly journals Pompe Disease: Cyanosed Hypotonic Infant with Normal Respiratory Rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Koirala ◽  
A. Poudel ◽  
R. Basnet ◽  
K. Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Pompe Disease ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Floppy Infant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infantile Pompe Disease ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Remote Part

Infantile hypotonia or floppy infant is a diagnostic challenge when it presents with other presenting complaints such as fever, cough or diarrhea. Many times the hypotonia goes unnoticed when other symptom covers the hypotonia and child continues to receive the treatment for other symptoms. We report a rare case from Nepal of infantile Pompe disease who presented with the history of fever and cough in the recent earthquake disaster camp at remote part of Sindhupalchowk, Nepal. He was being treated as a case of pneumonia.Pompe disease can be diagnosed clinically by taking detailed history and correlating the clinical findings during the presentation with other symptoms. In our case the normal respiratory rate, reduced Spo2 and presence of crackles dominated the hypotonia and was mistreated as pneumonia. High index of suspicion is necessary in diagnosing Pompe disease.

scholarly journals Case Report. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Nivolumab Associated Pneumonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Thomas-Michael Schneider ◽  
Friederike Klenner ◽  
Franz Brettner
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospital ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Newly approved immunotherapeutic agents, like CTLA-4 inhibitors and antibodies against PD-1, are a promising therapeutic option in cancer therapy. Case presentation: A 74-year-old man, with a history of advanced stage melanoma and treatment with ipilimumab, pembrolizumab and nivolumab, was admitted to the hospital due to respiratory failure with hypoxemia and dyspnoea. He rapidly developed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which required treatment in the intensive care unit which included mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Computed tomographic imaging (CT) showed signs of a pneumonitis, with an ARDS pattern related to the use of PD-1 antibodies. Treating the patient with high-dose immunosuppressive steroids led to an overall improvement. He was transferred to a rehabilitation hospital and subsequently to his home. Discussion and conclusion: This is a unique case report of a patient suffering a grade 4 adverse event under nivolumab who survived having been treated with ECMO. It highlights the possibility of associated adverse reactions as well as the use of ECMO in palliative care patients. ECMO can be of great success even in patients with malignancies, but careful decision making should be done on a case by case basis.

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