scholarly journals Sociodemographic characteristics and transmission risk factors in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 before and during the lockdown in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayda Rahi ◽  
Diane Le Pluart ◽  
Alexandra Beaudet ◽  
Sophie Ismaël ◽  
Marion Parisey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The efficacy of lockdown in containing the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported in different studies. However, the impact on sociodemographic characteristics of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in sociodemographic characteristics of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and to compare the transmission risk factors of COVID-19 before and during lockdown in France. Methods An observational retrospective study was conducted in a University Hospital in Paris, France. Data from patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Infectious Diseases Department between February 26 and May 11, 2020 were collected. The study population was divided into 2 groups: group A of patients infected before lockdown, and group B of patients infected during lockdown, considering a maximum incubation period of 14 days. Sociodemographic characteristics and transmission risk factors were compared between the 2 groups using Student’s t-test for continuous variables and Chi-2 test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables. Results Three hundred eighty-three patients were included in the study, 305 (79.6%) in group A and 78 (20.4%) in group B. Patients in group A were significantly younger (60.0 versus (vs) 66.5 years (p = 0.03)). The professionally active population was larger in group A (44.3% vs 24.4%). There were significantly more non-French-speaking people in group B (16.7% vs 6.6%, p <  0.01). Most patients from group A had individual accommodation (92.8% vs 74.4%, p <  0.01). Contact with a relative was the main transmission risk factor in both groups (24.6% vs 33.3%, p = 0.16). Recent travel and large gathering were found only in group A. The proportion of people living in disadvantaged conditions, such as homeless people or people living in social housing, was significantly higher in group B (11.5% vs 4.3%, p = 0.03) as was the proportion of institutionalized individuals (14.1% vs 3.0%, p <  0.01). Conclusions In this study conducted in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Paris, France, the likelihood of being infected despite the lockdown was higher for people who do not speak French, live in social housing, are homeless or institutionalized. Targeted measures have to be implemented to protect these populations.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Characteristics and Transmission Risk Factors In Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Before And During The Lockdown In France

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayda Rahi ◽  
Diane Le Pluart ◽  
Alexandra Beaudet ◽  
Sophie Ismael ◽  
Marion Parisey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The efficacy of lockdown in containing the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported in different studies. However, the impact on sociodemographic characteristics of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in sociodemographic characteristics of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and to compare the transmission risk factors of COVID-19 before and during lockdown in France. Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted in a University Hospital in Paris, France. Data from patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Infectious Diseases Department between February 26 and May 11, 2020 were collected. The study population was divided into 2 groups: group A of patients infected before lockdown, and group B of patients infected during lockdown, considering a maximum incubation period of 14 days. Sociodemographic characteristics and transmission risk factors were compared between the 2 groups using Student's t-test for continuous variables and Chi-2 test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables.Results: Three hundred eighty-three patients were included in the study, 305 (79.6%) in group A and 78 (20.4%) in group B. Patients in group A were significantly younger (60.0 versus (vs) 66.5 years (p=0.03)). The professionally active population was larger in group A (44.3% vs 24.4%). There were significantly more non-French-speaking people in group B (16.7% vs 6.6%, p<0.01). Most patients from group A had individual accommodation (92.8% vs 74.4%, p<0.01). Contact with a relative was the main transmission risk factor in both groups (24.6% vs 33.3%, p=0.16). Recent travel and large gathering were found only in group A. The proportion of people living in disadvantaged conditions, such as homeless people or people living in social housing, was significantly higher in group B (11.5% vs 4.3%, p=0.03) as was the proportion of institutionalized individuals (14.1% vs 3.0%, p<0.01).Conclusions: In this study conducted in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Paris, France, the likelihood of being infected despite the lockdown was higher for people who do not speak French, live in social housing, are homeless or institutionalized. Targeted measures have to be implemented to protect these populations.

Energy-Based Devices Affect the Aesthetic Outcome of Cervical Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy. A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Pino ◽  
◽  
Lorenzo Gasco ◽  
Daqi Zhang ◽  
Paolo Carcoforo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
Aesthetic Result ◽  
Scar Assessment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Thyroid and parathyroid diseases are very common. Most of these cases are in women and may be amenable to surgery. The patient’s perception that these are not life-threatening diseases leads them to expect an excellent aesthetic result, since the surgical incision area is clearly visible. Objective: To evaluate different scarring outcomes using three different energy-based devices (Harmonic Focus®, Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ; Thunderbeat Open Fine Jaw®, Olympus Medical, Tokyo, Japan; LigaSure Small Jaw®, Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) and to determine the impact of post-thyroidectomy/parathyroidectomy scars on the patient’s quality of life. Methods: One hundred female patients who underwent thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy between September 2017 and September 2019 at the Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Messina University Hospital were recruited. A retrospective analysis assessed the thickness of the cervical scar via ultrasound imaging, and the patient’s degree of satisfaction through the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). Results: The patients were divided into three groups according to the energy-device used: group A (LigaSure SJ (n=38), group B (Harmonic F, n=32) and group C (Thunderbeat OFJ, n=30). The three groups were homogeneous with respect to number of patients, age and surgical procedures. The best aesthetic result, which correlated with the lowest scar thickness, was observed in group A; these patients were more satisfied than those in the other two groups. Moreover, correlations between scar thickness and quantitative variables (such as age or BMI) were not found in any of the groups. Conclusions: Based on the data collected and our experience, the LigaSure Small Jaw® (Medtronic) seems to offer the best aesthetic outcome in patients who undergo transverse cervicotomy for thyroid and parathyroid diseases. However, further prospective studies involving a greater number of cases are needed.

scholarly journals Community Pharmacist-Provided Osteoporosis Screening and Education: Impact on Patient Knowledge

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Brookhart ◽  
K. Michelle Brown Fountain ◽  
Leticia R. Moczygemba ◽  
Jean-Venable R. Goode
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Community Pharmacist ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Patient Knowledge ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Osteoporosis Screening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Knowledge Survey ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To evaluate the impact pharmacist-provided screening and education had on patient knowledge of osteoporosis and preventive strategies. Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted at 16 locations of a national supermarket chain pharmacy in the Richmond, Virginia area. Women 30 years and older with no history of osteoporosis were enrolled in the study. Patients self-selected into the study by agreeing to the bone density screening, pharmacist-provided education, and completion of a knowledge survey. Subjects were randomized to complete the osteoporosis-related knowledge survey either before (Group A) or after (Group B) the screening and education session. The survey was developed after guideline and literature evaluation and was pretested with a group of patients for content and clarity. The survey evaluated knowledge of osteoporosis, risk factors for the disease, appropriate age for testing, and preventive strategies. Groups A and B were compared using t-tests. Results: A total of 110 women were enrolled in the study. The mean (±SD) age was 52.5 ± 13.1 years in Group A (n=52) and 52.7 ± 11.5 years in Group B (n=58). Knowledge scores were higher in the group who received pharmacist-provided education prior to completing the survey in each category (knowledge of the disease, risk factors, preventive strategies, and appropriate age for testing) and overall (p<0.001). Conclusions: Community pharmacist-provided osteoporosis screening and education increased patient knowledge about osteoporosis and preventive strategies. Community pharmacist involvement with increasing patient knowledge may empower patients to engage in prevention strategies to improve bone mass.   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals Cumulative Effect of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Regulation of AMPK/SIRT1-PGC-1α-SIRT3 Pathway in the Human Erectile Tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andressa S. Pereira ◽  
Alexandra M. Gouveia ◽  
Nuno Tomada ◽  
Adriana R. Rodrigues ◽  
Delminda Neves
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRF), especially diabetes mellitus (DM), disrupt oxidative stress response. This condition underlies endothelial dysfunction, early manifested in men as erectile dysfunction. The current study is aimed at elucidating the impact of CVDRF in the oxidation responsive AMPK/SIRT1-PGC-1α-SIRT3 pathway and related miRNAs in the human corpus cavernosum. Human penile tissue fragments from individuals submitted to programmed urological surgeries (n=27), aged 43-63 years, were clustered depending on the presence of CVDRF; the control group included samples from patients without CVDRF, and groups A and B included samples from patients with DM and additional CVDRF, totalizing ≤2 CVDRF (group A) and ≥3 CVDRF (group B). Dual-immunolabelling of SIRT3, SOD2, or GPX1 with α-actin in tissue sections was carried out. The assessment of expression levels of NOX1, phospho-AMPKα, total AMPKα, SIRT1, PGC-1α, SIRT3, SOD2, and GPX1 was performed by western blotting and of miR-200a, miR-34a, miR-421, and miR-206 by real-time PCR. Phospho-AMPKα and SIRT3 expression was found significantly increased in group B relative to other groups, suggesting a marked influence of CVDRF, additional to DM, in the regulation of these enzymes. NOX1 was also increased in group B relative to controls. Only an increasing tendency was observed in the phospho-AMPKα/total AMPKα ratio, SIRT1, and PGC-1α expression in groups A and B when compared with controls. Concerning antioxidant enzymes, GPX1 expression was found incremented in group A, but SOD2 expression was decreased in groups A and B, comparative with controls. Group B presented significantly diminished levels of miR-421 and miR-200a, but only a decreasing trend on miR-34 and miR-206 expression was observed. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that besides DM, additional CVDRF presented a cumulative effect in the cellular response to oxidative unbalance, contributing to AMPK/SIRT1-PGC-1α-SIRT3 pathway activation. SOD2, a major mitochondrial antioxidant defence, did not follow the same variation.

scholarly journals The effects of programmed therapeutic exercises on fall risk factors in elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Bakir Katana ◽  
Samir Bojičić ◽  
Muris Pecar ◽  
Eldad Kaljić ◽  
Namik Trtak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fast Evaluation ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Exercises ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Introduction:  Identification of the risk factors that can be modified is an essential aspect in the development of the effective strategy for therapeutic intervention with the purpose to improve mobility and injury prevention and post-fall consequences. This research aimed to analyze the impact of programmed therapeutic exercises on the fall risk factors in the elderly. Methods: We included 260 patients older than 65 years, and assigned them randomly into three groups. Group A: 65 patients subjected to therapeutic exercises for moderate-intensity muscle strengthening with Theraband stretch straps (corresponding to 11-14 on the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale). Group B: 65 patients subjected to therapeutic anti-gravity exercises. Control group: 130 patients not participating in programmed therapeutic exercises. Presence of fall risk factors was assessed in all three groups with standardized Fast Evaluation of Mobility, Balance, and Fear test (FEMBAF) before the initiation of therapy, after three and after six months of treatment. Results: At the end of the study, the subjects of the group A had significantly fewer limitations in performing basic life activities at home compared to the patients of the control and Group B, p = 0.037. The control group subjects were statistically significantly more likely to complain of vertigo than subjects of the experimental groups, p = 0.021. The subjects of the experimental groups had more than two falls than the control group subjects, p = 0.003 statistically. In the control group, the number of fractures after the fall at the end of the study increased significantly, statistically higher than in the subjects of the experimental groups, P = 0.037. Conclusion: Programmed therapeutic exercise significantly reduces the risk of falling factors, and significant effects have been achieved among subjects who have exercised with elastic strips.

scholarly journals Changes in patterns and outcomes of trauma patients after betterment in law and order situation of the city

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sabah Uddin Saqib ◽  
Hasnain Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Penetrating Trauma ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Law ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Objective: To assess the impact of the law and order situation of a city on the pattern of traumatic injuries and the overall outcomes of trauma victims. Method: The retrospective study of prospective trauma surgery data was done at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of patients with torso injuries before the improvement of law and order situation from January 2012 to March 2013 in Group A, and of those with similar injuries after the law and order situation improved in the city from January 2018 to March 2019 in Group B. The required data was collected by a single researcher using a predesigned questionnaire. Inter-group comparison was done to see the difference in patterns of injuries and outcomes. Data were analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Of the 676 cases reviewed, Group A had 416(61.5%); 363(87%) males and 53(13%) females with overall mean age of 37+/-13 years. Group B had 260(38.5%); 219(84%) males and 41(16%) females with overall mean age of 36+/-13 years (p>0.05). Penetrating trauma alone or combined with blunt force was the most common mechanism in Group A i.e. 245 patients (59%), while in group B blunt trauma was the commonest cause 209 patients (80.4%). There was an overall 37.5% (156 cases) reduction in torso trauma cases. Mortality in Group A was 22(5.3%) and in Group B it was 7(2.7%). Conclusion:  With the improvement in the law and order situation, there was reduction in overall trauma cases and the pattern of trauma shifted from penetrating Continuous...

scholarly journals INCREASED HOSPITAL STAY;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Memon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Prolonged Length ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objectives: This study aims to scientifically fill the gap and provide the scientific data regarding risk factors associated with prolonged length of hospital stay (PLOS) in children admitted at Isra University Hospital. Study Design: Descriptive case series study. Setting: Pediatric ward of Isra University Hospital Hyderabad. Period: 22 months from February 2016 till November 2017. Material and Methods: All the children having age ≥ one year and less than 10 years hospitalized due to any cause of either gender were enrolled under this study. A proforma was designed comprising of basic demographic variables like age and gender and relevant questions like cause of hospitalization, risk factors associated with PLOS, and duration of hospital stay. All the information was noted in proforma and analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: In present study we collected data of 188 children. In group A (age >1 to 5 years) there were 109 children consisted of 57.97% and remaining group B (age >6 years to 10 years) there were 79 children consisted of 42.02%. The overall mean duration of hospital stay with SD was 12.21 ± 3.14. The mean age and SD of group A was 2.33 ± 1.09 years and group B was 7.01 ± 2.39 years. Children with Group A (age ≥1 year to 5 years), Females, late seeking of medical attention, children not responding on medical treatment, and those who get infected during hospitalization were significantly associated with prolonged length of hospital stay (p <0.05). Conclusion: Younger children with age less than 5 years having female predominance and delayed seeking of medical attention were the most significant risk factors associated with PLOS in our population.

Bone Remodeling Under Screw-Fixed Chin Implants in Patients With Microgenia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 074880682095474
Author(s):  
Cristina Ortiz-Díaz ◽  
Edgar Echevarría ◽  
Lidia M. Guerrero ◽  
Sona Rivas-Tumanyan ◽  
Augusto Elias
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Erosion ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Appositional Bone

The use of alloplastic chin implants has been associated with a risk of bone resorption. The aims of this study were to evaluate, in patients with microgenia, the association between chin implants and bone resorption and identify the associated risk factors for such resorption. The sample consisted of 51 patients with microgenia: 17 with chin implants (group A, placed over the course of a 15-year period [2002-2017]) and 34 without implants (group B). Cone-beam computed tomography was used to evaluate bone erosion in different areas of the chin. The patients were evaluated, and their medical records were reviewed to identify risk factors. A chi-square or Fisher exact test and the Mann-Whitney test were used to compare groups; resorption sites were compared with Friedman test. Linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between potential risk factors and resorption. Bone resorption was higher in group A than in group B (mean ± SD: 0.98 ± 0.63 mm vs 0.03 ± 0.12 mm; P < .0001). Symphyseal buccal cortical bone in group A was thinner (1.66 ± 0.34 mm) than it was in group B (2.07 ± 0.45 mm), P < .001. Group A showed appositional bone growth and no cortical bone perforation. The mean of the amount of bone resorption of chin implant patients compared with that of those without implants was, on average, 0.99 mm greater (95% confidence interval: 0.64-1.35; P < .001). Although statistically significant differences in bone resorption were observed between groups, these differences were not clinically significant. Thinning of symphyseal buccal cortical bone without perforation and appositional bone growth occurred in chin implant patients, suggesting bone remodeling. Our results suggest that bone that is in contact with chin implants remodels and remains stable throughout the years, instead of undergoing progressive resorption.

scholarly journals NEWBORN BODY TEMPRATURE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 574-579
Author(s):  
Sadia Irum ◽  
Nigar Jabeen ◽  
Raheela Baloch ◽  
Kiran Mawani
Keyword(s):  
Mean Difference ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
The Impact

Objectives… To identify comparative study to see the impact on newbornbody temperature after skin contact of mother and newborn v/s conventional method. StudyDesign: Cross sectional, analytical study. Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics andGynecology (Unit-III) Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad Sindh from May 2013 to April2014. Methods: All the laboring women with no any antenatal complication and with cephalicpresentation admitted at term pregnancy for normal vaginal delivery along with new born withApgar score more than 6 were approached by duty doctors. Written as well as verbal consentwas obtained and women have allocated numbers, 1 to 120. The women were divided intwo groups. Group A (baby warmer group 60 patients) and Group B (Skin to skin contact 60patients). Results: 120 patients were recruited and randomly equally divided into two groups.There over all mean age of these patients was 26.7+- 5.0years. In group A the gravida wasfound as between 1 to 6 children in 60% (n=30), Compared with Group B, 64% (n=32). Theoverall mean hospital stay was as 6.6+_ 1.6 hours. Personal health response like was foundin 76% (n =38) patients with group A compared with Group B 86% (n=43). Mother responselike was found in 76% (n=38 patient in group A) compared with group B 76% (n=38). Thereis statically significant mean difference in ◦F after one hour was observed (P=0.001) betweengroup A and group B, no significant mean difference in temperature ◦F after 1 and 5 minuteswere observed ( P > 0.05)compared with in group B 76% (n=38) patients. Conclusion: Skinto skin contact reduces the hypothermia, so it should be encourage and continue. Skin toskin contact is easy, cheap and helps in bonding of mother and baby. With this practice wewill achieve the millennium development goal (MDG) that is to decrease neonatal mortality inPakistan.

Hygienic characteristics of the cosmetologists' lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 958-963
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
Tatyana L. Yatsyshena ◽  
Elena L. Shestopalova ◽  
Irina Yu. Krainova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Modern trends in the deterioration of health and the growth of non-communicable diseases among the adult working-age population, including medical workers, actualize the importance of a healthy lifestyle for maintaining health and professional longevity. There were almost no studies related to cosmetologists' experienced group as representatives of aesthetic medicine. There is no scientific evidence on behavioral risks of this group. It justifies the relevance of this study. The study aims to analyze the essential components of the cosmetologists' lifestyle depending on age and the argumentation of priority behavioral health risk factors for preventive and recreational work justification. Sixty women (practicing cosmetologists in Volgograd at the age of 28-39 years (group A) and 40-53 (group B)) took part in the study. Lifestyle assessment included a modified questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 5 blocks (block 1 - nutrition; 2 - physical activity, including hardening and active rest; 3 - daily regimen; 4 - personal hygiene; 5 - bad habits). It allows the analysis of the adherence to a healthy lifestyle based on the provision of quantitative data. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Excel package. The authors identified the essential and statistically significant differences in the cosmetologists' lifestyle depending on age. The respondents of group B demonstrated hygienically rational indicators in all blocks of the lifestyle more often. They had a more formed adherence to a healthy lifestyle: 504 answers in the category "insignificant risk" of respondents in group B versus 354 in group A. Distribution of answers in the "high risk" category: 119 responses in group B and 185 in group A. The lifestyle of 46.7% of the respondents in group B refers to a healthy lifestyle. 3.3% of the group B respondents have an anxious lifestyle, 50% have health risks. 10% of Group A respondents' lifestyle refers to a healthy lifestyle. 13.3% of Group A respondents' lifestyle refers to an anxious lifestyle; 76.7% of this group have health risks. There was almost no complex hygienic research profession of medical cosmetologists. Cosmetologists of the older age group (40-53 years old) are more conscious of maintaining a hygienically rational lifestyle. The most significant defects among cosmetologists aged 28-39 years are low physical activity, nutritional defects, insufficient duration of night rest, and excessive use of information and communication technologies for rest, accompanied by manifestations of neurotization and signs of pronounced fatigue. The obtained results argue the need to develop and implement informational and educational measures to prevent risk behavior patterns, taking into account the age of cosmetologists and the priority of the identified behavioral risk factors.

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