scholarly journals Association with CYP2C19 polymorphisms and Clopidogrel in treatment of elderly stroke patients

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqing Li ◽  
Weihua Jia ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Fangfei Li ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Antiplatelet Drug ◽  
Cyp2c19 Genotype ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Primary Endpoints ◽  
Cyp2c19 Polymorphisms

Abstract Background Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug used in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Safety and efficacy of clopidogrel has been confirmed in CAPRIE, PRoFESS trials. However, these studies focused on patients aged less than 75 years. CYP2C19 polymorphisms resulted in individual differences in clopidogrel response. Our objective was to determine whether elderly stroke patients aged over 75 years would benefit from CYP2C19-genotype-guided strategy for the secondary prevention of stroke. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients aged 75 years or older with non-cardiogenic stroke who received 75 mg clopidogrel was performed. CYP2C19 genotype-guided group included noncarriers of CYP2C19*2 or CYP2C19*3 loss-of-function alleles (LoFA) and compared against the non-genotype-guided group which may carriers CYP2C19 LoFA or not. The primary endpoints were composite of stroke and myocardial infarction at 24 months’ follow-up. Results Two hundred one patients were included: 99 in the genotype-guided group and 102 in the non-genotype-guided group. Kaplan-Meier(KM)analysis showed that CYP2C19 gene polymorphism was associated with the rate of the primary endpoints (P = 0.0031). The primary endpoints occurred in 13 patients (13.1%) in the genotype-guided group and in 30 patients (29.4%) in the non-genotype-guided group (hazard ratio(HR), 0.39; 95% confidence interval(CI), 0.20 to 0.75; p = 0.004). Cox regression analysis showed that CYP2C19 genotype-guided strategy was a protective factor for the primary endpoints (HR, 0.39; 95% CI:0.20 to 0.74, P = 0.004). Conclusion The CYP2C19 genotype-guided strategy could reduce the occurrence of composite of stroke and myocardial infarction compared to a non-genotype-guided strategy for non-cardiogenic stroke patients aged 75 years or older who received clopidogrel.

Predicting long-term cardiovascular outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction using soluble ST2

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Umut Somuncu ◽  
Belma Kalayci ◽  
Ahmet Avci ◽  
Tunahan Akgun ◽  
Huseyin Karakurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Killip Class ◽  
Target Vessel Revascularization

AbstractBackgroundThe increase in soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) both in the diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure is well established; however, existing data regarding sST2 values as the prognostic marker after myocardial infarction (MI) are limited and have been conflicting. This study aimed to assess the clinical significance of sST2 in predicting 1-year adverse cardiovascular (CV) events in MI patients.Materials and methodsIn this prospective study, 380 MI patients were included. Participants were grouped into low sST2 (n = 264, mean age: 60.0 ± 12.1 years) and high sST2 groups (n = 116, mean age: 60.5 ± 11.6 years), and all study populations were followed up for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) which are composed of CV mortality, target vessel revascularization (TVR), non-fatal reinfarction, stroke and heart failure.ResultsDuring a 12-month follow-up, 68 (17.8%) patients had MACE. CV mortality and heart failure were significantly higher in the high sST2 group compared to the low sST2 group (15.5% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.001 and 8.6% vs. 3.4% p = 0.032, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis concluded that high serum sST2 independently predicted 1-year CV mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 2.263, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.124–4.557, p = 0.022)]. Besides, older age, Killip class >1, left anterior descending (LAD) as the culprit artery and lower systolic blood pressure were the other independent risk factors for 1-year CV mortality.ConclusionsHigh sST2 levels are an important predictor of MACE, including CV mortality and heart failure in a 1-year follow-up period in MI patients.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF EARLY COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AFTER CARDIO-INTERVENTION TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251
Author(s):  
Iryna A. Holovanova ◽  
Grygori A. Oksak ◽  
Iryna M. Tkachenko ◽  
Maxim V. Khorosh ◽  
Mariia M. Tovstiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Early Complications ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Intervention Treatment

The aim of our study was to identify the main risk factors for the occurrence of early complications of acute myocardial infarction after cardio-interventional treatment and to evaluate prognostic risk indicators. Materials and methods: Risk factors of myocardial infarction were determined by copying the case history data and calculating on their basis of the odds ratio and ±95% confidence interval. After it, we made a prediction of the risk of early complications of AMI with cardiovascular intervention by using a Cox regression that took into account the patient’s transportation time by ambulance. Results: Thus, the factors that increase the chances of their occurrence were: summer time of year; recurrent myocardial infarction of another specified localization (I122.8); the relevance of the established STEMI diagnosis; diabetes mellitus; renal pathology; smoking; high rate of BMI. Factors that reduce the chances of their occurrence: men gender – in 35%; the age over of 70 – by 50%; the timely arrival of an emergency medical team – by 55%. The factors that increase the chances of their occurrence were: age over 70 years; subsequent myocardial infarction of unspecified site; diabetes mellitus. Using of a Cox regression analysis, it was proved that the cumulative risk of early complications of AMI with cardio-intervention treatment increased from the 10th minute of ambulance arrival at place, when ECG diagnosis (STEMI), presence of diabetes mellitus, smoking and high BMI. Conclusions: As a result of the conducted research, the risk factors for early complications of AIM with cardio-interventional treatment were identified.

Abstract 2284: Non-invasively Determined Ventricular Elastance as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in Patients With acute myocardial infarction and Preserved ejection fraction: Data from Infarction Prognosis Study (IPS) registry

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ai Kim ◽  
Jong-Won Ha ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Sungha Park ◽  
Eui-Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Acute Mi

Background : Previous studies of the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI) have focused primarily on patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Little is known about the prognosis of patients with MI and preserved ejection fraction (EF), which is increasing. Since the ratio of mitral inflow (E) and annular velocity (E′) to stroke volume (E/E′/SV) has been reported as an index of diastolic elastance (Ed), we hypothesized that Ed has prognostic implication in patients with acute MI and preserved EF. Method : Between May 2005 and January 2007, a total of 421 patients with acute MI were prospectively enrolled in Infarction Prognosis Study (IPS) registry. Among 358 patients who had comprehensive echocardiographic study, 42 patients with significant valvular heart disease or coexisted cardiomyopathy and 50 patients with decreased EF (<40%) were excluded. This left a total of 266 patients, who constituted the study population. The primary end-point was cardiovascular mortality. Results : Median follow-up duration was 12 months. Of 266 patients, cardiovascular death occurred in 11 (4.1%) patients. Age (p< 0.001), LA volume index (p=0.001), the severity of diastolic dysfunction (grade ≥ 2, p=0.04), Ed (p=0.003) were univariate predictors of cardiovascular mortality. However, in multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (p=0.008, HR; 1.14, 95% CI; 1.03–1.25) and Ed (p=0.009, HR; 1.72, 95% CI; 1.14 –2.58) were found to be independent predictors for cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute MI and preserved EF. Cut-off value of Ed for cardiovascular mortality determined by Kaplan-Meier method (p<0.001 by log-rank test) and ROC curve (AUC 0.87, sensitivity 90%, specificity 74%) was 0.25. Conclusion : Non-invasively determined ventricular diastolic elastance is a novel and powerful independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute MI and preserved EF.

A stand-alone structured educational programme after myocardial infarction: a randomised study

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2020-318414
Author(s):  
Georgios Giannopoulos ◽  
Sofia Karageorgiou ◽  
Dimitrios Vrachatis ◽  
Ioannis Anagnostopoulos ◽  
Maria S Kousta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cerebrovascular Event ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

BackgroundAcute myocardial infarction (MI) is a major clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease. Post-MI morbidity and mortality can be reduced by lifestyle changes and aggressive risk factor modification. These changes can be applied more effectively if the patient is actively involved in the process. The hypothesis of this study was that an educational programme in post-MI patients could lead to reduced incidence of cardiovascular events.MethodsPost-MI patients were prospectively randomised into two groups. Patients in the intervention arm were scheduled to attend an 8-week-long educational programme on top of usual treatment, while controls received optimal treatment. The primary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death, MI, cerebrovascular event and unscheduled hospitalisation for cardiovascular causes. Endpoint adjudication was blinded.Results329 patients (238 men) were included, with a mean follow-up time of 17±4 months. In the primary analysis, mean primary end point-free survival time was 597 days (95% CI 571 to 624) in controls, compared with 663 days (95% CI 638 to 687) in the intervention group (p<0.001). The HR in the univariate Cox regression analysis was 0.48 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.73; p=0.001). The raw rates of the primary endpoint were 20.8% (6 deaths, 13 MIs, 2 strokes and 14 hospitalisations) vs 36.6% (8 deaths, 22 MIs, 7 strokes and 22 hospitalisations), respectively (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.74; p=0.002).ConclusionThese results suggest that a relatively short adult education programme offered to post-MI patients has beneficial effects, resulting in reduced risk of cardiovascular events.Trial registration numberNCT04007887.

scholarly journals 566 Myocardial left ventricular mechanical uniformity and adverse cardiac events following myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Stiermaier ◽  
S J Backhaus ◽  
T Lange ◽  
A Koschalka ◽  
J L Navarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Multicenter Observational Study ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events

Abstract Background Despite limitations as a standalone parameter, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is the preferred measure of myocardial function and marker for post-infarction risk stratification. LV myocardial uniformity may provide superior prognostic information after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which was subject of this study. Methods and Results: Consecutive patients with AMI (n = 1082; median age 63 years; 75% male) undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in median 3 days after infarction were included in this multicenter, observational study. Circumferential and radial uniformity ratio estimates (CURE and RURE) were derived from CMR feature-tracking as markers of mechanical uniformity (values between 0 and 1 with 1 reflecting perfect uniformity). The clinical endpoint was the 12-month rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), consisting of all-cause death, re-infarction, and new congestive heart failure. Patients with MACE (n = 73) had significantly impaired CURE [0.76 (IQR 0.67-0.86) versus 0.84 (IQR 0.76-0.89); p &lt; 0.001] and RURE [0.69 (IQR 0.60-0.79) versus 0.76 (IQR 0.67-0.83); p &lt; 0.001] compared to patients without events. While uniformity estimates did not provide independent prognostic information in the overall cohort, CURE below the median of 0.84 emerged as an independent predictor of outcome in post-infarction patients with LVEF &gt;35% (n = 959) even after adjustment for established prognostic markers (hazard ratio 1.99; 95% confidence interval 1.06-3.74; p = 0.033 in stepwise multivariable Cox regression analysis). In contrast, LVEF was not associated with adverse events in this subgroup of AMI patients. Conclusions CMR-derived estimates of mechanical uniformity are novel markers for risk assessment after AMI and CURE provides independent prognostic information in patients with preserved or only moderately reduced LVEF.

scholarly journals Long term perspective with LBBB: role of stress echocardiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dedic ◽  
N Boskovic ◽  
V Giga ◽  
M Tesic ◽  
S Aleksandric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Left Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that left bundle branch block (LBBB), as a relatively common electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormality, represents the condition with often non benign and sometimes adverse outcome. Purpose The Aim of our study was to determine the predictive value of a stress echocardiography test in patients with LBBB. Methods Our study population included 189 patients (88 male, 46.6%, mean age 63.08±9.65) with diagnosed left bundle branch block who performed stress echocardiography (SECHO) according to Bruce protocol. Median follow-up of the patients was 56 months (IQR 48–71 months) for the occurrence of cardiovascular death and non-fatal myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization (coronary artery bypass grafting-CABG or percutaneous coronary intervention-PCI). Results Out of 189 patients, 32 (16.9%) patients had positive, while 157 (83.1%) patients had negative SECHO test. During the follow up period 28 patients had major adverse cardiac event: 1 nonfatal myocardial infarction, 6 heart failure hospitalizations, 5 CABGs, 8 PCIs, while 8 patients had cardiac death. Using the Cox regression analysis, univariate predictors of adverse cardiac events were diabetes mellitus (HR 4.530 [95% CI 1.355–15.141], p=0.014), PCI (HR 4.288 [95% [95% CI 2.010–9.144], p&lt;0.001) and positive SECHO test (HR 2.289 [95% CI 1.006–5207], p=0.048). In the multivariate analysis only previous PCI remained independent predictor of adverse events (HR 3.650 [95% CI 1.665–8.003], p=0.001). p=0.048). Using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve the patients with negative SECHO had better outcome compared to patients with positive SECHO (140/160; 87,5% vs 21/29; 72.4%, p=0.035) and much longer event-free time (77.4±1.6 months vs 67.1±5.4 months, Log Rank 4.136, p=0.042) Conclusion Patients with LBBB and negative SEHO test have good prognosis. Patients with history of CAD and diabetes mellitus and LBBB are at increased risk for future events and need periodical reassessment. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Bypass Grafting vs Endovascular Therapy in Patients With Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease and Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia (CRITISCH Registry)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Stavroulakis ◽  
Asimakis Gkremoutis ◽  
Matthias Borowski ◽  
Giovanni Torsello ◽  
Dittmar Böckler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Endovascular Therapy ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Purpose: To report the outcomes of bypass grafting (BG) vs endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Materials and Methods: The CRITISCH Registry is a prospective, national, interdisciplinary, multicenter registry evaluating the current practice of all available treatment options in 1200 consecutive CLTI patients. For the purposes of this analysis, only the 337 patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD treated by either BG (n=86; median 78 years, 48 men) or EVT (n=251; median age 80 years, 135 men) were analyzed. The primary composite outcome was amputation-free survival (AFS); secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and amputation-free time (AFT). All outcomes were evaluated in Cox proportional hazards models; the results are reported as the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The Cox regression analysis revealed a significantly greater hazard of amputation or death after BG (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.03, p=0.028). The models for AFT and overall survival also suggested a higher hazard for BG, but the differences were not significant (AFT: HR 1.66, 95% CI 0.78 to 3.53, p=0.188; OS: HR 1.41, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.47, p=0.348). The absence of runoff vessels (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.60, p=0.008) was associated with a decreased AFS. The likelihood of amputation was higher in male patients (HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.45, p=0.027) and was associated with a lack of runoff vessels (HR 1.95, 95% CI 0.96 to 3.95, p=0.065) and myocardial infarction (HR 3.74, 95% CI 1.23 to 11.35, p=0.020). Death was more likely in patients without runoff vessels (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.80, p=0.016) and those with a higher risk score (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.91, p=0.038). Conclusion: This analysis suggested that BG was associated with poorer AFS than EVT in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD and CLTI. Male sex, previous myocardial infarction, and the absence of runoff vessels were additionally identified as predictors of poorer outcomes.

scholarly journals Bleeding risk of haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Anita van Eck van der Sluijs ◽  
Alferso C Abrahams ◽  
Maarten B Rookmaaker ◽  
Marianne C Verhaar ◽  
Willem Jan W Bos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Antiplatelet Drug ◽  
Dialysis Modality ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Dialysis patients have an increased bleeding risk as compared with the general population. However, there is limited information whether bleeding risks are different for patients treated with haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). From a clinical point of view, this information could influence therapy choice. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the association between dialysis modality and bleeding risk. Methods Incident dialysis patients from the Netherlands Cooperative Study on the Adequacy of Dialysis were prospectively followed for major bleeding events over 3 years. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for HD compared with PD using a time-dependent Cox regression analysis, with updates on dialysis modality. Results In total, 1745 patients started dialysis, of whom 1211 (69.4%) received HD and 534 (30.6%) PD. The bleeding rate was 60.8/1000 person-years for HD patients and 34.6/1000 person-years for PD patients. The time-dependent Cox regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age, sex, primary kidney disease, prior bleeding, cardiovascular disease, antiplatelet drug use, vitamin K antagonist use, erythropoietin use, arterial hypertension, residual glomerular filtratin rate, haemoglobin and albumin levels, bleeding risk for HD patients compared with PD increased 1.5-fold (95% CI 1.0–2.2). Conclusions In this large prospective cohort of incident dialysis patients, HD patients had an increased bleeding risk compared with PD patients. In particular, HD patients with a history of prior bleeding had an increased bleeding risk.

Predictive role of peritumoral CD3+ infiltration and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio on overall survial in pateints affected by colorectal liver metastases treated with chemotherapy and surgery.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 27-27
Author(s):  
Matteo Cimino ◽  
Matteo Donadon ◽  
Domenico Mavilio ◽  
Luca Di Tommaso ◽  
Massimo Roncalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

27 Background: Systemic and local inflammation plays an important role in many cancers and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). While the role of local immune response mediated by CD3+ tumour infiltrating lymphocyte is well established new evidence on systemic inflammation and cancer such as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are emerging. The aim of the study is to associate these two markers of inflammation to predict overall survival (OS) in patients affected by CRLM. Methods: From January 2006 to January 2013 128 consecutive patients affected by CRLM treated with chemotherapy and surgery were included in the study. CD3+ peritumoral infiltration was defined as the ratio of intra-tumoural\invasive-margin CD3+ infiltration evaluated with immunohistochemistry on CRLM tumor slides. NLR was calculated as neutrophil absolute count divided by the absolute lymphocyte count on blood sample. ROC curves were used to calculate a cut-off for each bio-markers related to OS . Associating the bio-markers two risk groups were determined: low risk (LRG) two protective bio-markers; high risk (HRG) no protective bio-markers. Results: After a median follow-up of 45 months, median OS was 44 months.Twenty-nine patients (22.6%) belong to the LRG whereas 99 patients (77,4) belong to HRG. Adjusted Cox regression analysis showed a worse OS for HRG patients (HR 2.74 p = 0.003 95%CI 1.40-5.37). Median OS was 80.8 vs 42.5 months for LRG vs HRG respectively. Conclusions: High CD3+ peritumoural infiltration associated with low NRL are two protective factor on OS for patients affected by CRLM.

scholarly journals Suppression of p53-inducible gene 3 is significant for glioblastoma progression and predicts poor patient prognosis

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 101042831769457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jishu Quan ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Meihua Jin ◽  
Dunfu Chen ◽  
Xuezhe Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Proliferation And Invasion ◽  
Inducible Gene

Glioblastoma is the most malignant and invasive brain tumor with extremely poor prognosis. p53-inducible gene 3, a downstream molecule of the tumor suppressor p53, has been found involved in apoptosis and oxidative stress response. However, the functions of p53-inducible gene 3(PIG3) in cancer are far from clear including glioblastoma. In this study, we found that p53-inducible gene 3 expression was suppressed in glioblastoma tissues compared with normal tissues. And the expression of p53-inducible gene 3 was significantly associated with the World Health Organization grade. Patients with high p53-inducible gene 3 expression have a significantly longer median survival time (15 months) than those with low p53-inducible gene 3 expression (8 months). According to Cox regression analysis, p53-inducible gene 3 was an independent prognostic factor with multivariate hazard ratio of 0.578 (95% confidence interval, 0.352–0.947; p = 0.030) for overall survival. Additionally, gain and loss of function experiments showed that knockdown of p53-inducible gene 3 significantly increased the proliferation and invasion ability of glioblastoma cells while overexpression of p53-inducible gene 3 inhibited the proliferation and invasion ability. The results of in vivo glioblastoma models further confirmed that p53-inducible gene 3 suppression promoted glioblastoma progression. Altogether, our data suggest that high expression of p53-inducible gene 3 is significant for glioblastoma inhibition and p53-inducible gene 3 independently indicates good prognosis in patients, which might be a novel prognostic biomarker or potential therapeutic target in glioblastoma.

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