scholarly journals Ovarian ependymoma presenting in pregnancy: a case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Jin ◽  
Jingjing Jiang ◽  
Hongfa Peng
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasm ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Pathological Type ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Rare Malignancy

Abstract Background Ovarian ependymoma is a rare malignancy. Because of the extreme rarity, certain features of the neoplasm, including its clinical behaviour and optimal therapy, are incompletely characterized. Case presentation A 32-year-old pregnant woman at term presented with a left ovarian neoplasm that occurred in the early stage of pregnancy. She underwent left adnexectomy during the caesarean section, and the neoplasm was histologically and immunohistochemically identified to be ovarian ependymoma. Immunohistochemical staining with oestrogen receptors and progesterone receptors showed strong positive staining. According to reports in the literature, the pathological type of ovarian ependymoma in our patient was the extra-axial type. Interestingly, the foetus was also found to have bilateral ependymal cysts during pregnancy. The patient received no further surgical treatment or adjuvant therapy. She and her 14-month-old baby both have no evidence of disease at present. The follow-up of both mother and child is still continuing. Conclusions The case presented here illustrates high levels of oestrogen during pregnancy may stimulate viable malignant ependymal cells to proliferate. Hence, young women with extra-axial-type ependymomas may not be suitable for fertility preservation. Moreover, hormone-based therapies can be a potentially effective treatment for women with extra-axial ependymomas.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Bladder Metastasis from Breast Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Cormio ◽  
Francesca Sanguedolce ◽  
Giuseppe Di Fino ◽  
Paolo Massenio ◽  
Giuseppe Liuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
First Case ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Bladder Metastasis ◽  
Metastatic Sites

Introduction.Breast cancer is the most common nondermatologic cancer in women. Common metastatic sites include lymph nodes, lung, liver, and bone. Metastases to the bladder are extremely rare, with all reported cases presenting with urinary symptoms.Case Report.Herein, we report the first case of completely asymptomatic bladder metastasis from breast cancer, occasionally revealed, 98 months after the initial diagnosis of lobular breast carcinoma, by a follow-up computed tomography scanning showing thickening of left bladder wall and grade II left hydronephrosis. A positive staining for estrogen and progesterone receptors was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.Discussion.The reported case confirms that bladder metastases from breast cancer tend to occur late after the diagnosis of the primary tumor and, for the first time, points out they can be asymptomatic.Conclusion.Such data support the need for careful follow-up and early intervention whenever such clinical situation is suspected.

Comprehensive antenatal to postpartum care of patient with bipolar disorder: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreyance Jain ◽  
Kartik Singhai ◽  
Vrinda Pareek ◽  
Naresh Nebhinani
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Prenatal Care Providers

Abstract Background The management of women with bipolar disorder during the pregnancy period is a challenging task, as such patients are at a higher risk of relapse during the pregnancy and the early postpartum period. No approach is without risk and clinicians are faced with difficult choices at every turn. Case presentation We present a case of a female with bipolar disorder, who presented with mania during the second trimester and we faced several challenges in her treatment during pregnancy, post-partum and the subsequent follow-up period. Conclusion For a favourable outcome to both mother and child, prenatal care providers can have individualised discussions regarding mental health issues in addition to neonatal risks from bipolar disorder and/or medications side effects and facilitating liaisons with health professionals to manage the complications and associated risks.

scholarly journals α-Fetoprotein-Producing Endometrial Carcinoma Is Associated With Fetal Gut-Like and/or Hepatoid Morphology, Lymphovascular Infiltration, TP53 Abnormalities, and Poor Prognosis: Five Cases and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Otani ◽  
Kosuke Murakami ◽  
Naoki Shiraishi ◽  
Man Hagiyama ◽  
Takao Satou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Napsin A

The clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics of α-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing endometrial carcinoma (AFP+ EC) are poorly understood. From 284 cases of endometrial carcinoma in our pathology archive, we identified five cases (1.8%) of AFP+ EC with fetal gut–like (4/5) and/or hepatoid (2/5) morphology. All cases exhibited lymphovascular infiltration. In addition, 24 cases of endometrial carcinoma with elevated serum AFP levels were retrieved from the literature. The patient age ranged from 44 to 86 years (median: 63). Of 26 cases whose FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage and follow-up information was available (mean follow-up 24 months), 15 were stage I or II and 11 were stage III or IV. Even in stage I or II disease, death or relapse occurred in more than half of the patients (8/15). Detailed analysis of our five cases revealed that, on immunohistochemistry, AFP+ EC was positive for SALL4 (4/5), AFP (3/5), and HNF1β (4/5) in >50% of neoplastic cells and negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors (5/5), PAX8 (4/5), and napsin A (5/5). Four cases exhibited aberrant p53 immunohistochemistry and were confirmed to harbor TP53 mutations by direct sequencing. No mutation was found in POLE, CTNNB1, or KRAS. In conclusion, AFP+ EC merits recognition as a distinct subtype of endometrial carcinoma, which occurs in 1.8% of endometrial carcinoma cases, are associated with TP53 abnormalities, exhibit lymphovascular infiltration, and can show distant metastasis even when treated in early stage.

scholarly journals Primary pulmonary Ewing’s sarcoma: rare cause of massive hemothorax in a young girl-case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Ling ◽  
Jianlin Tong ◽  
Liangliang Wang ◽  
Chuan Yao ◽  
Zhiying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surgical Biopsy ◽  
Massive Hemothorax ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Rare Malignancy ◽  
Extraosseous Ewing’S Sarcoma

Abstract Background Ewing’s sarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Rarely, extra-skeletal soft tissues and visceral organs can also be the site of origin of Ewing’s sarcoma. Primary pulmonary Ewing’s sarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy. Case presentation We report an unusual case of primary pulmonary Ewing’s sarcoma in a 15-year-old girl who initially presented with massive hemothorax. By histopathology evaluation of surgical biopsy specimens, the diagnosis of extraosseous Ewing’s sarcoma was confirmed by both light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Emergency, open surgery was performed by thoracic surgery at an early stage. After 3 cycles of chemotherapy, the patient was found to be stable at follow-up examination. No more hydrothorax or other symptoms. Conclusions We have described an extremely rare case of primary pulmonary Ewing’s sarcoma with massive hemothorax. The patient underwent surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy, no sign of recurrence to date as an outcome.

Effect of adjuvant treatment on the circulating CK-19 mRNA-positive tumor cells in patients with early stage breast cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 20012-20012 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Xenidis ◽  
D. Mavroudis ◽  
S. Apostolaki ◽  
M. Perraki ◽  
A. Stathopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Early Stage Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Tamoxifen ◽  
Clinical Relapse

20012 Background: To evaluate the effect of adjuvant treatment on the peripheral blood CK-19 mRNA circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods: CTCs were detected by real-time RT-PCR assay, in 119 patients with estrogen or/and progesterone receptors-positive tumors at the following time points: before the initiation and after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy and every 3 or 6 months during the period of adjuvant tamoxifen administration. Results: Adjuvant chemotherapy failed to “eliminate” the CTCs in 17 (47%) out of 36 patients with detectable cells in pre-chemotherapy samples; in addition, adjuvant tamoxifen failed to “eliminate” the CTCs in 8 (36.4%) of 22 patients displaying detectable cells in post-chemotherapy samples. The incidence of clinical relapse was significantly (p = 0.017) higher for patients with post-chemotherapy detectable CTCs as well as for patients with persistently detectable CTCs throughout the follow-up period compared with those who did not (65.3% vs 7.3%, respectively; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, post-chemotherapy detection of CTCs and their persistence throughout the follow-up period were significantly associated (p = 0.001 and 0.003, respectively) with early relapse. Conclusions: The detection of CK-19 mRNA+ CTCs after adjuvant chemotherapy and during tamoxifen administration is an independent prognostic factor associated with unfavorable outcome. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Adrenal neuroblastoma in an elderly adult: a case report and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Zhang ◽  
Ziwei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Elderly Adult ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Stage Disease ◽  
Rare Malignancy

Abstract Background Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy of the autonomic nervous system and is the most common extracranial tumor of early childhood. However, neuroblastoma in adults is rare with an overall incidence of 1 in 10 million adults/year. Adults with neuroblastoma have a significantly worse prognosis than children with neuroblastoma. Case presentation In this case report we describe a 75-year-old Han Chinese woman with bilateral lower extremities weakness, numbness, and fatigue for 1 week. She initially presented as primary hyperaldosteronism with hypertension, persistent hypokalemia, and an elevated aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio. An abdominal computed tomography scan with intravenously administered contrast showed a solid mass arising from her left adrenal gland. She underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery that allowed the resection of the mass. Microscopic and immunohistochemical staining, which were positive for synaptophysin, CD56, and vimentin, confirmed the diagnosis of adrenal neuroblastoma. Surgical resection of the tumor was done and no chemotherapy or radiation therapy was done postoperatively. She died from lung and brain metastases 22 months after surgical resection. Conclusion Adrenal neuroblastoma in elderly adults is a very rare disease with sparse data available in the literature. Early stage disease could be managed by surgical resection alone. However, the prognosis is significantly worse than that observed in pediatric patients. Further research focusing on tumor biology and therapy for this rare malignancy in adults may help to improve disease outcome.

scholarly journals Huge Trichilemmal Carcinoma With Metastasis Presenting With Two Distinct Histological Morphologies: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Xie ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Tingting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Local Invasion ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Rare Malignancy

BackgroundTrichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is a rare malignancy of cutaneous adnexal carcinoma, with only 136 cases reported in the literature to date. It usually has an indolent course and benign clinical evolution, and only four cases with regional and distant metastasis have been reported. Tumor cells present with the characteristics of trichilemmal differentiation on both histological and immunohistological examination.Case PresentationWe report a case of TC on the scalp with an aggressive course and metastasis to the ipsilateral neck. Moreover, the lesions presented with two distinct histological morphologies.ConclusionDespite an indolent course and benign clinical evolution, TC has the potential for local invasion and recurrence, which implies that accurate early diagnosis and careful follow-up are very important for these patients. More than one specimen should be obtained for histopathological examinations when the lesion is very large and characterized by different morphologies.

A Comparative Study of Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana in the Management of Shweta Pradara

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka M. Tenahalli
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Group B ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
Iron And Calcium

Shweta Pradara (Leucorrhoea) is the disease which is characterized by vaginal white discharge. Vaginal white discharge this symptom is present in both physiological and pathological condition, when it becomes pathological it disturbs routine life style of the woman. Most of the women in the early stage will not express the symptoms because of hesitation and their busy schedule. If it is not treated it may leads to chronic diseases like PID (Garbhashaya Shotha etc.) Charaka mentioned Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana. This treatment is used in Shweta Pradara shown positive results, hence a study was under taken to assess its clinical efficacy. 30 diagnosed patients of Shweta Pradara were randomly selected, allocated in three groups. Group A and Group B received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana respectively and Group C received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu followed by Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana for 15 days. The patients were assessed for the severity of the symptoms subjectively and objectively before and after the treatment and at the end of the follow up. Data from each group were statistically analyzed and were compared. No side effects were noted and it may be considered as an effective alternative medicine in Shweta Pradara (leucorrhea). Amalaki is rich in natural source of vitamin C and contains phosphorus, iron and calcium. Honey contains carbohydrate, vitamin C, phosphorus iron and calcium. All together these help to increase Hb% and immunity. Vata Twak Kashaya contains tannin which helps to maintain normal pH of the vagina.

scholarly journals Spontaneous haemorrhage of an adrenal angiomyolipoma: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Whiting ◽  
Ian Rudd ◽  
Amit Goel ◽  
Seshadri Sriprasad ◽  
Sanjeev Madaan
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Open Adrenalectomy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loin Pain ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Spontaneous Haemorrhage ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumours

Abstract Background Angiomyolipomas are rare mesenchymal tumours arising from the perivascular epithelioid cells consisting of variable amounts of adipose, thick-walled blood vessels and smooth muscle cells. These benign tumours commonly occur in the kidney with only a few case reports of adrenal angiomyolipomas which have the potential to reach a large size and haemorrhage. Case presentation A 45-year-old lady presented with a 3-week history of right loin pain, nausea and vomiting. A CT scan revealed a right adrenal angiomyolipoma measuring 6.3 × 6.8 cm with associated haemorrhage. The lesion was successfully treated with right open adrenalectomy, and histology confirmed the diagnosis of adrenal angiomyolipoma. The patient remained well with no evidence of recurrence at the 36-month follow-up. Conclusion Adrenal angiomyolipomas are rare benign tumours that have the ability to reach a large size and potential to bleed. Here, we report the second case of spontaneous haemorrhage in an adrenal angiomyolipoma, which was successfully treated with open adrenalectomy.

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