scholarly journals Gender differences in the use of atypical antipsychotics in early-onset schizophrenia: a nationwide population-based study in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Fulone ◽  
Marcus Tolentino Silva ◽  
Luciane Cruz Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Administrative Database ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assistance Programme

Abstract Background The use of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia and other mental disorders in populations under 18 years of age is increasing worldwide. Little is known about treatment patterns and the influence of gender differences, which may be a predictor of clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate gender differences in the use of atypical antipsychotics in patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) assisted by the public health system in Brazil. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of outpatients with EOS aged 10 to 17 years who received at least one provision of atypical antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine or ziprasidone) from a large Brazilian pharmaceutical assistance programme. Data were retrieved from a nationwide administrative database from 2008 to 2017. Results Of the 49,943 patients with EOS, 63.5% were males, and the mean age was 13.6 years old. The patients were using risperidone (62.5%), olanzapine (19.6%), quetiapine (12.4%), ziprasidone (3.3%) and clozapine (2.2%). We found gender differences, especially in the 13–17 year age group (65.1% for males vs. 34.9% for females, p < 0.001), in the use of risperidone (72.1% for males vs. 27.9% for females, p < 0.001) and olanzapine (66.5% for males vs. 33.5% for females, p < 0.001). Only in the 13 to 17 years age group were the prescribed doses of olanzapine (p = 0.012) and quetiapine (p = 0.041) slightly higher for males than for females. Conclusions Our findings showed gender differences among patients diagnosed with EOS and who received atypical antipsychotics. More attention should be devoted to gender differences in research and clinical practice.

scholarly journals The characteristics of newly diagnosed adult early-onset diabetes: a population-based cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiantong Zou ◽  
Xianghai Zhou ◽  
Linong Ji ◽  
Wenying Yang ◽  
Juming Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Onset Diabetes

scholarly journals Is healthcare-seeking with gynaecological alarm symptoms influenced by personal and professional relations? A Danish population-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e033471
Author(s):  
Anja Schmidt Vejlgaard ◽  
Sanne Rasmussen ◽  
Dorte Ejg Jarbøl ◽  
Kirubakaran Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Healthcare Seeking ◽  
Civil Registration ◽  
Personal Relation ◽  
Alarm Symptom

ObjectivesTo identify the personal and professional relations of women experiencing gynaecological alarm symptoms, to analyse if involving a personal relation is related to healthcare-seeking with gynaecological alarm symptoms, and to analyse if having an available social network is associated with involvement of this relation.DesignWeb-based, population-based, cross-sectional questionnaire survey.SettingThe general population in Denmark.ParticipantsThe study invited 100 000 individuals randomly drawn from the Danish Civil Registration System. Pregnant women and women who did not answer relevant questions about social network were excluded. A total of 5053 women who experienced at least one gynaecological alarm symptom were included in the study.Primary and secondary outcomes(1) Personal and professional relations that women experiencing gynaecological alarm symptoms involve; (2) the association between involving a personal relation and healthcare-seeking; and (3) the association between having an available social network and involvement of this relation.ResultsThe general practitioner (GP) was the most involved professional relation, while the spouse/partner was the most involved personal relation. When experiencing gynaecological alarm symptoms, more than 50% of women did not involve a professional relation and 20% did not involve a personal relation. For all four gynaecological alarm symptoms, the odds of involving the GP were higher in the oldest age group. Women were two to seven times more likely to involve their GP if they had personal relation involvement. No statistically significant association was found between having an available social network and involving the GP.ConclusionInvolving a personal relation in healthcare-seeking was associated with increased involvement of the GP, who consequently was the most involved professional relation when experiencing gynaecological alarm symptoms. Spouse/partner was the most involved personal relation. The oldest age group had the highest odds of involving the GP. No association was found between having an available social network and involving the GP.

scholarly journals Early-Onset Schizophrenia in a paediatric population of French psychiatric and medico-social care centres: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0236241
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Dor-Nedonsel ◽  
Marie-Line Menard ◽  
Arnaud Fernandez ◽  
Charlotte Sakarovitch ◽  
Eric Fontas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Early Onset Schizophrenia ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Interprovincial Variation in Antipsychotic and Antidepressant Prescriptions Dispensed in the Canadian Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 758-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Arora ◽  
Sandra Knowles ◽  
Tara Gomes ◽  
Muhammad M. Mamdani ◽  
David N. Juurlink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
National Trends

Objective: Although antidepressants and antipsychotics are valuable medications in the treatment of select psychiatric disorders, there is increasing focus on the balance of risks and benefits of these drugs as prescribed, particularly in the pediatric population. We examined recent national trends and interprovincial variation in dispensing of antipsychotic and antidepressant prescriptions to the Canadian pediatric population. Method: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of antidepressant and antipsychotic prescriptions dispensed by Canadian pharmacies to the pediatric population (≤18 years) between 2010 and 2013. Prescription volumes were obtained from IMS Health. Analysis was stratified by drug, year, quarter, and province and population-standardized using age-adjusted population estimates. Results: From the first quarter of 2010 to the fourth quarter of 2013, dispensing of antipsychotics to the pediatric population increased 33% (from 34 to 45 prescriptions per 1000) and dispensing of antidepressants increased 63% (from 34 to 55 per 1000). We observed a 1.5-fold interprovincial difference in dispensing rates for antidepressants (range: 189 per 1000 to 275 per 1000) and a 3.0-fold difference for antipsychotics (range: 85 per 1000 to 253 per 1000) in 2013. Among antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were the most dispensed (76%), with fluoxetine being the leading agent. Among antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics were the most dispensed (97%), with risperidone being the leading agent. Conclusions: Antipsychotic and antidepressant dispensing to the Canadian pediatric population increased from 2010 to 2013, with considerable interprovincial variation. Future research is required to explore reasons for observed patterns to optimize care for the Canadian pediatric population.

scholarly journals Age, sex and ethnic differentials in the prevalence and control of epilepsy among Sri Lankan children: a population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jithangi Wanigasinghe ◽  
Carukshi Arambepola ◽  
Roshini Murugupillai ◽  
Thashi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Epilepsy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of childhood epilepsy in Sri Lanka by different age groups (0–5, 6–10 and 11–16 years), sex and ethnicity, and to describe the types and outcomes of epilepsy.Design and patientsA population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in the district considered to be ethnically most balanced in Sri Lanka. A door-to-door survey was performed in the 0–5 year age group (60 geographically defined areas as clusters; 19 children per cluster), and a school-based survey in the 6–16 year age group (150 classes as clusters; 25 children per cluster). The screened children with epilepsy were reviewed individually for confirmation of the diagnosis of epilepsy, typing of the underlying epilepsy syndrome and assessment of control. The same group of children were re-evaluated 1 year later to reconfirm the syndromic diagnosis and to assess the stability of control of epilepsy.ResultsThe overall prevalence of childhood epilepsy was 5.7 per 10 000 children aged 0–16 years (95% CI: 38 to 87). It was higher with younger ages (73.4 per 10 000 children aged 0–5 years; 55.1 per 10 000 children aged 6–10 years and 50.4 per 10 000 children aged 11–16 years). A male dominance was noted in both age groups. In each age group, the prevalence was highest in children of Sinhalese ethnicity. Symptomatic focal epilepsy was the single most common group of epilepsy in both age groups. Majority of children remained well controlled on medications.ConclusionThe findings indicate a relatively high burden of epilepsy among children in Sri Lanka, however, these were comparable to the burden of disease reported from other countries in the region.

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