A cohort study protocol to analyze the predisposing factors to common chronic non-communicable diseases in rural areas: Fasa Cohort Study

Introduction: Obesity has been associated with a higher risk of morbidity, disability, and death. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of obesity and chosen non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the PURE Poland cohort study. Material and Methods: The study covers a group of 2035 people (1281 women and 754 men), who live in urban and rural areas of Lower Silesian voivodeship. The baseline study was conducted between 2007–2010. The data on demographic status and history of diseases were collected using questionnaires. The anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood lipids, and glucose level were measured. Results: Normal body weight was observed in 28.1% of participants, whereas overweight and obesity were observed in 40.1% and 31.1% of participants, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the body weight between genders. Prevalence of obesity was similar in men and women (31.0% and 31.1%, respectively). Obesity was more prevalent in rural vs. urban residents (38.5% and 26.0%, respectively). In a logistic regression analysis, the odds for obesity was two-fold higher in participants aged >64 years and rural inhabitants (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.36–2.70; OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.48–2.16, respectively). Participants with obesity had 2.5-fold higher odds for diabetes and hypertension and two-fold higher odds for CHD in comparison with non-obese individuals (OR 2.74; 95% CI 2.01–3.73, OR 2.54; 95% CI 2.03–3.17, OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.26–2.80, respectively). Conclusions: Taken together, the prevalence of obesity was associated with particular socio-demographic factors (age, place of residence, and level of education) as well as diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease.

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Addressing geographical variation in the progression of non-communicable diseases in Peru: the CRONICAS cohort study protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000610 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. e000610 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

J Jaime Miranda ◽

Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz ◽

Liam Smeeth ◽

Robert H Gilman ◽

William Checkley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Geographical Variation ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

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Non-Communicable Diseases During Pregnancy in Haiti: A Prospective Cohort Study

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3546038 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Julia von Oettingen ◽

Isabelle Malhamé ◽

Rodney Destiné ◽

Widmise Jacquecilien ◽

Bidjinie Coriolan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

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Correction: Study protocol: a prospective cohort on non-communicable diseases among primary healthcare users living in Kosovo (KOSCO)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038889corr1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Keyword(s):

Study Protocol ◽

Primary Healthcare ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

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Spatial Clusters of Diabetes and Physical Inactivity: Do Neighborhood Characteristics in High and Low Clusters Differ?

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539519879322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (7) ◽

pp. 612-621

Author(s):

Joanna Sara Valson ◽

V. Raman Kutty ◽

Biju Soman ◽

V. T. Jissa

Keyword(s):

Built Environment ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Geographical Information Systems ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Sample Population ◽

Spatial Clusters ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

This study aims to find spatial clusters of diabetes and physical inactivity among a sample population in Kerala, India, and evaluate built environment characteristics within the high and low spatial clusters. Spatial clusters with a higher and lower likelihood of diabetes and physical inactivity were identified using spatial scan statistic at various radii. Built environment characteristics were captured at panchayat level and 1600 m buffer around participant location using Geographical Information Systems. Comparison of sociodemographic and built environment factors was carried out for participants within high and low spatial clusters using t tests. Ten high and 8 low spatial clusters of diabetes and 17 high and 23 low spatial clusters of physical inactivity were identified in urban and rural areas of Kerala. Significant differences in built environment characteristics were consistent for low spatial clusters of diabetes and physical inactivity in the urban scenario. Built environment characteristics were found to be relevant in both urban and rural areas of Kerala. There is an urgent call to explore spatial clustering of non-communicable diseases in Kerala and undo the one-size-fits-all approach for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases.

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Association of Pro-inflammatory Diet With Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension; Results From RaNCD Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-415432/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samira Arbabi Jam ◽

Shahab Rezaeian ◽

Farid Najafi ◽

Behroz Hamze ◽

Ebrahim Shakiba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Base Line ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background: Dietary factors and inflammation are associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a developed validated assessment tool. This study was conducted to assessed association of DII with the hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was performed on 9,811 participants of 35 to 65 years of the base-line phase data of Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study. The DII was calculated using 31 parameters food of food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The estimates were performed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results: The mean DII scores in healthy participants was -2.32± 1.60, in participant with T2DM, hypertension and both were -2.23± 1.59, -2.45± 1.60 and -2.25± 1.60, respectively (P= 0.011). Pre-inflammatory diet was significantly higher in male compared to female (P<0.001). In the most pro-inflammatory diet was significantly higher BMI (body mass index), triglyceride, energy intake, smokers; and was significantly lower socio-economic status (SES), physical activity and HDL-C compared to the most anti-inflammatory diet. Participants with T2DM, hypertension and comorbidity had a significantly higher mean of anthropometry indices (P<0.001) and lipid profile compared to healthy subjects (P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex and physical activity, the odds of T2DM in the fourth quartile of DII was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.85) times higher compared to the first quartile of DII. Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory diet was weak associations with hypertension. Pro-inflammatory diet was significant associations with increasing T2DM and its related risk factors. Modification of diet and lifestyle is suggested to reduce inflammation.

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The burden and predisposing factors of non-communicable diseases in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences personnel: a prospective 15-year organizational cohort study protocol and baseline assessment

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09704-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fariba Tohidinezhad ◽

Ali Khorsand ◽

Seyed Rasoul Zakavi ◽

Reza Rezvani ◽

Siamak Zarei-Ghanavati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Pulse Wave Velocity ◽

Wave Velocity ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Baseline Assessment ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Pesticide Exposures

Abstract Background The rising burden of premature mortality for Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in developing countries necessitates the institutionalization of a comprehensive surveillance framework to track trends and provide evidence to design, implement, and evaluate preventive strategies. This study aims to conduct an organization-based prospective cohort study on the NCDs and NCD-related secondary outcomes in adult personnel of the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) as main target population. Methods This study was designed to recruit 12,000 adults aged between 30 and 70 years for 15 years. Baseline assessment includes a wide range of established NCD risk factors obtaining by face-to-face interview or examination. The questionnaires consist of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle pattern, fuel consumption and pesticide exposures, occupational history and hazards, personal and familial medical history, medication profile, oral hygiene, reproduction history, dietary intake, and psychological conditions. Examinations include body size and composition test, abdominopelvic and thyroid ultrasonography, orthopedic evaluation, pulse wave velocity test, electrocardiography, blood pressure measurement, smell-taste evaluation, spirometry, mammography, and preferred tea temperature assessment. Routine biochemical, cell count, and fecal occult blood tests are also performed, and the biological samples (i.e., blood, urine, hair, and nail) are stored in preserving temperature. Annual telephone interviews and repeated examinations at 5-year intervals are planned to update information on health status and its determinants. Results A total of 5287 individuals (mean age of 43.9 ± 7.6 and 45.9% male) were included in the study thus far. About 18.5% were nurses and midwives and 44.2% had at least bachelor’s degree. Fatty liver (15.4%), thyroid disorders (11.2%), hypertension (8.8%), and diabetes (4.9%) were the most prevalent NCDs. A large proportion of the population had some degree of anxiety (64.2%). Low physical activity (13 ± 22.4 min per day), high calorie intake (3079 ± 1252), and poor pulse-wave velocity (7.2 ± 1.6 m/s) highlight the need for strategies to improve lifestyle behaviors. Conclusion The PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences is the first organizational cohort study in a metropolitan city of Iran aiming to provide a large data repository on the prevalence and risk factors of the NCDs in a developing country for future national and international research cooperation.

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The Effectiveness of Health Services Delivered by Community Health Workers on Outcomes Related to Non-Communicable Diseases among Elderly People in Rural Areas: A Systematic Review

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v50i6.6408 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vita Widyasari ◽

Ferry Fadzlul Rahman ◽

Kuan-Han Lin ◽

Jiun-Yi Wang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Services ◽

Community Health ◽

Elderly People ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Health Workers ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

The Other ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

Background: The number of elderly and the burden of non-communicable diseases increase with time. Community involvement is expected to be an important prevention agent for their neighbors. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of health services delivered by community health workers (CHWs) which focus on physiological indices related to non-communicable diseases among elderly people and to explain the health services or interventions carried out by CHWs. Methods: This systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, ProQuest Science Database, Scopus, EBSCOhost CINAHL, and Web of Science were taken as the source of databases. Manual search was also conducted for articles published before March 2019 without time restriction. The quality of each study was assessed using Critical Checklist by Joanna Briggs Institute. Results: Of the 3,275 initial studies retrieved, 4 studies were included in qualitative synthesis analysis. Three studies arranged a face-to-face interview, while the other study was conducted over the phone. All the 4 studies were intervention studies. Three of them showed a significant improvement in mean systolic blood pressure for the intervention group compared to the control group. The other study showed a significant improvement in weight loss for the intervention group. Conclusion: Health services delivered by CHWs was beneficial to elderly people in rural areas on some physiological indices. It suggested that health services delivered CHWs could contribute toward secondary prevention programs.

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Burden of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases Among Elderly in India: A Study Based on LASI Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-640381/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shekhar Chauhan ◽

Shubham Kumar ◽

Ratna Patel ◽

David Jean Simon ◽

Aradhana Singh

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cost Effective ◽

The Elderly ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Rural Elderly ◽

Urban Elderly ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Urban Inequality

Abstract Background: While controlling the outbreak of communicable diseases (CDs) remained a priority, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are placing an unavoidable burden on the health and social security system. India, a developing nation in South Asia, has seen an unprecedented economic growth in the past few years; however, it struggled to fight the burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the burden of CDs and NCDs among elderly in India.Methods: Data from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI Wave-I, 2017-18) were drawn to conduct this study. Response variables were the occurrence of CDs and NCDs. The bi-variate and binary logistic regression were used to predict the association between communicable and non-communicable diseases by various socio-demographic and health parameters. Furthermore, to understand the inequalities of communicable and non-communicable diseases in urban and rural areas, the Fairlie decomposition technique was used to predict the contribution toward rural-urban inequalities in CDs and NCDs.Results: Prevalence of communicable diseases was higher among uneducated elderly than those with higher education (31.9% vs. 17.3%); however, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases was higher among those with higher education (67.4% vs. 47.1%) than uneducated elderly. The odds of NCDs were higher among female elderly (OR=1.13; C.I. = 1-1.27) than their male counterparts. Similarly, the odds of CDs were lower among urban elderly (OR=0.70; C.I. = 0.62-0.81) than rural elderly, and odds of NCDs were higher among urban elderly (OR=1.85; C.I. = 1.62-2.10) than their rural counterparts. Results found that education (50%) contributes nearly half of the rural-urban inequality in the prevalence of CDs among the elderly. Education status and current working status were the two significant predictors of widening rural-urban inequality in the prevalence of NCDs among the elderly.Conclusion: The burden of both CD and NCD among the elderly population requires immediate intervention. The needs of men and women and urban and rural elderly must be addressed through appropriate effort. In a developing country like India, preventive measures, rather than curative measures of communicable diseases, will be cost-effective and helpful.

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Paracelsus 10,000: A Prospective Cohort Study Based On The Population of Salzburg, Austria. Rationale, Objectives And Study Design

10.21203/rs.3.rs-740574/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Natalie Frey ◽

Patrick Langthaler ◽

Emanuel Raphaelis ◽

Susanne Ring-Dimitriou ◽

Ludmilla Kedenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Population Based ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Paracelsus 10,000 is a prospective cohort study with the objective to investigate the health status of the population in and around the city of Salzburg. The focus lies on common non-communicable diseases, mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and their risk factors in a population-based cohort aged between 40 and 70 years. Between the years 2013 and 2020, 10,062 randomly selected participants (w: 5,187, m: 4,875) were investigated, of whom 2,620 underwent an intensified examination. The program consists not only of medical examinations, but was extended to inventories on mental disorders, lifestyle including nutrition and physical activity. From all study participants biological samples were stored in a biobank at -80°C enabling future investigations of biomarkers and utilization of the whole spectrum of multi-omics. The first follow-up phase of the study has started in late 2020 and will allow us to investigate the development of common non-communicable diseases occurring over time in the cohort of the Paracelsus 10,000 study. This gives the study a unique position within the framework of Austrian epidemiological research with the potential to gain new insight into the role of interaction between genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors for disease development in the Salzburg population. Obtaining high-quality epidemiological data is also of particular relevance for the development of evidence-based prevention strategies. This report describes rationale, objectives and design of the study and provides insight into the main characteristics of the study cohort.

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