Prevalence of depression among the elderly (60 years and above) population in India, 1997–2016: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionDepression is a common mental disorder in the elderly population, which significantly impacts their quality of life. However, correct estimates of its magnitude are not available in the elderly in India. The present systematic review and meta-analysis would attempt to estimate the prevalence of depression using diagnostic instruments among elderly persons aged 60 years and above.Methods and analysisSearches will be performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Community-based cross-sectional and cohort studies (2001 to September 2019) reporting the prevalence of depression in the elderly, using diagnostic instruments will be included. Studies conducted among chronic disease patients, in-hospital patients and special groups such as with disaster-stricken populations, and studies reporting the only one or two subcategories of depression, will be excluded. Disagreements in study selection and data abstraction will be resolved by consensus and arbitration by a third reviewer. AXIS critical appraisal tool will be used for quality assessment of individual studies. Findings of eligible studies will be pooled using fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis whichever is appropriate. Heterogeneity between studies will be examined by Cochran’s Q test and quantified by I² statistic. A cumulative meta-analysis will be used to detect temporal trends in the prevalence of depression and the effect of poor-quality studies on the pooled estimate. Publication bias will be assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and the Egger test.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval will be needed because it will be a systematic review. Data from previously published studies will be retrieved and analysed. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication in a scientific journal and conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019138453.

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Prevalence and determinants of depression among old age: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Annals of General Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12991-021-00375-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yosef Zenebe ◽

Baye Akele ◽

Mulugeta W/Selassie ◽

Mogesie Necho

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Publication Bias ◽

Old Age ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Group Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Effective Control ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

The World

Abstract Background Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. It is also one of the most common geriatric psychiatric disorders and a major risk factor for disability and mortality in elderly patients. Even though depression is a common mental health problem in the elderly population, it is undiagnosed in half of the cases. Several studies showed different and inconsistent prevalence rates in the world. Hence, this study aimed to fill the above gap by producing an average prevalence of depression and associated factors in old age. Objective This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a precise estimate of the prevalence of depression and its determinants among old age. Method A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of sciences, Google Scholar, and Psych-info from database inception to January 2020. Moreover, the reference list of selected articles was looked at manually to have further eligible articles. The random-effects model was employed during the analysis. Stata-11 was used to determine the average prevalence of depression among old age. A sub-group analysis and sensitivity analysis were also run. A graphical inspection of the funnel plots and Egger’s publication bias plot test were checked for the occurrence of publication bias. Result A search of the electronic and manual system resulted in 1263 articles. Nevertheless, after the huge screening, 42 relevant studies were identified, including, for this meta-analysis, n = 57,486 elderly populations. The average expected prevalence of depression among old age was 31.74% (95% CI 27.90, 35.59). In the sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence was higher among developing countries; 40.78% than developed countries; 17.05%), studies utilized Geriatrics Depression Scale-30(GDS-30); 40.60% than studies that used GMS; 18.85%, study instrument, and studies having a lower sample size (40.12%) than studies with the higher sample; 20.19%. Conclusion A high prevalence rate of depression among the old population in the world was unraveled. This study can be considered as an early warning and advised health professionals, health policymakers, and other pertinent stakeholders to take effective control measures and periodic care for the elderly population.

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A systematic review protocol for estimation of the prevalence of depression using diagnostic instruments in the elderly population in India, 2000-2019

10.1101/2020.04.10.20060871 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Priyamadhaba Behera ◽

Manju Pilania ◽

Vikas Yadav ◽

Mohan Bairwa ◽

Deepti Dabar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

List Type ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Depression Prevalence ◽

Diagnostic Instruments ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

AbstractIntroductionDepression is a common mental disorder in the elderly population, which significantly impacts their quality of life. However, correct estimates of its magnitude are not available in the elderly in India. The present systematic review and meta-analysis would attempt to estimate the prevalence of depression using diagnostic instruments among elderly persons aged 60 years and above.Methods and analysisSearches will be performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Community-based cross-sectional and cohort studies (2001 – 9/2019) reporting the prevalence of depression in the elderly; using diagnostic instruments will be included. Studies conducted among chronic disease patients, in-hospital patients, and special groups such as with disaster-stricken populations, and studies reporting the only 1 or 2 subcategories of depression, will be excluded. Disagreements in study selection and data abstraction will be resolved by consensus and arbitration by a third reviewer. AXIS critical appraisal tool will be used for quality assessment of individual studies. Findings of eligible studies will be pooled using fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis whichever is appropriate. Heterogeneity between studies will be examined by Cochran’s Q test and quantified by I2 statistic. A cumulative meta-analysis will be used to detect temporal trends in the prevalence of depression and the effect of poor-quality studies on the pooled estimate. Publication bias will be assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and the Egger test.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval will be needed because it will be a systematic review. Data from previously published studies will be retrieved and analyzed. Findings will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication in a scientific journal and conferences.PROSPEROregistration number CRD42019138453.Strengths and limitations of this studyIt is a first-ever systematic review of depression prevalence in India based on diagnostic instruments only.Meta-analytic techniques such as cumulative meta-analysis, leave-one-out (jack-knife estimation) meta-analysis, and meta-regression will enrich the analysis and provide the estimate of prevalence nearer to the population estimate.A comprehensive synthesis of all available depression prevalence data in India using a standardized risk of bias tool.The protocol adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines.Heterogeneity in methodologies, such as diagnostic criteria, study duration, sampling design, and study locations may limit comparison across studies.

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Depression in the Iranian Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Aging Research ◽

10.1155/2021/9305624 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Hedayat Jafari ◽

Dariush Ghasemi-Semeskandeh ◽

Amir Hossein Goudarzian ◽

Tahereh Heidari ◽

Azar Jafari-Koulaee

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Future Research ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Standard Scale ◽

Keywords Screening ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Depression can lead to increased medical costs, impaired individual and social functioning, nonadherence to therapeutic proceeding, and even suicide and ultimately affect quality of life. It is important to know the extent of its prevalence for successful planning in this regard. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression in the Iranian elderly. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was done through Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ProQuest, SID, Embase, and Magiran with determined keywords. Screening was done on the basis of relevance to the purpose of the study, titles, abstracts, full text, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa standard scale. After primary and secondary screening, 30 articles were finally included in the study. According to the 30 articles reviewed, the prevalence of depression in the Iranian elderly was 52 percent based on the random-effects model (CI 95%: 46–58). According to the results of the present study, depression in the Iranian elderly was moderate to high. Therefore, more exact assessment in terms of depression screening in elderly people seems necessary. Coherent and systematic programs, including psychosocial empowerment counselling for the elderly and workshops for their families, are also needed. Researchers can also use the results of this study for future research.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Efficacy and Harms of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in the Elderly for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation and Secondary Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.725514028.793512947 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Nanette Wenger

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Stroke Prevention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Oral Anticoagulants ◽

Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽

The Elderly

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Insomnia Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3594632 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sofia Pappa ◽

Vasiliki Ntella ◽

Timoleon Giannakas ◽

Vassilis G. Giannakoulis ◽

Eleni Papoutsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

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The Global Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and, Insomnia and Its’ Changes among Health Professionals during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07393 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e07393

Author(s):

Sultan Mahmud ◽

Sorif Hossain ◽

Abdul Muyeed ◽

Md Mynul Islam ◽

Md. Mohsin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Global Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

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Prevalence of Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10153406 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (15) ◽

pp. 3406

Author(s):

Beatriz Olaya ◽

María Pérez-Moreno ◽

Juan Bueno-Notivol ◽

Patricia Gracia-García ◽

Isabel Lasheras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Random Effects Models ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Common Mental Health Problems

Background: There is evidence of a high psychological toll from the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare workers. This paper was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting levels of depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 and estimating the pooled prevalence of depression. Methods: We searched for cross-sectional studies listed on PubMed from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020 that reported prevalence of depression in healthcare workers, nurses, medical doctors, and COVID-19 frontline professionals. The pooled proportions of depression were calculated with random effects models. Results: We identified 57 studies from seventeen countries. The pooled prevalence of depression in healthcare workers was 24% (95% CI: 20%−28%), 25% for nurses (95% CI: 18%−33%), 24% for medical doctors (95% CI: 16%−31%), and 43% for frontline professionals (95% CI: 28%−59%). Conclusions: The proportion of depression in nurses and medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar to that found in the general population as previously reported in other meta-analyses conducted with smaller numbers of studies. Importantly, almost half of the frontline healthcare workers showed increased levels of depression. There is need for a comprehensive, international response to prevent and treat common mental health problems in healthcare workers.

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Effectiveness of Oral Nutritional Supplements on Older People with Anorexia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030835 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 835

Author(s):

Mengqi Li ◽

Si Zhao ◽

Shuang Wu ◽

Xiufen Yang ◽

Hui Feng

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Weight ◽

Older People ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Nutritional Supplements ◽

The Elderly ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽

Positive Effect

Background: Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the overall health of older people. Inadequate intake may lead to impaired body function, higher morbidity, and mortality. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) showed positive effect on the nutritional status of the elderly; however, systematic evidence is currently lacking on the effect of ONS on the elderly with anorexia. Aims: The current systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trial (RCT) articles to investigate the effectiveness of ONS on the main aspects of anorexia of aging (AA). Methods: By using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, researchers independently searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and other gray literature resources for publications that met the inclusion criteria by October 2020. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools were used for quality assessment. The inverse-variance method was used for the fixed model (FM) while the DerSimonian–Laird method was used for the random model (RM). Respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for indices in terms of effect size (ES). Results: 2497 records were found through the systematic search, while 17 RCTs (n = 1204) were included, with a mean age of 81.9 years (range: 74–87 years). Supplementation occurred in the morning, mid-day, and evening, while the times varied from one to three times a day. The results of meta-analysis showed that, generally, ONS had a positive effect on the overall appetite, MD = 0.18, 95% CI (0.03, 0.33), p = 0.02, and consumption, MD = 1.43, 95% CI (0.01, 2.86), p = 0.05; but not significant in terms of other aspects of appetite: hunger, p = 0.73; fullness, p = 0.60; desire to eat, p = 0.80; preoccupation, p = 0.15. Additionally, it showed an increase in the overall energy intake, SMD = 0.46, 95% CI (0.29, 0.63), p < 0.001, in protein intake, SMD = 0.59, 95% CI (0.16, 1.02), p = 0.007, and in fat intake, MD = 3.47, 95% CI (1.98, 4.97), p < 0.001, while no positive effect was found on carbohydrates intake, p = 0.06. Significance differences were also found in the body weight, SMD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.41, 0.65), p < 0.001, and body mass index (BMI), MD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.12, 0.95), p = 0.01. Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted according to the nutrient density with no positive results showed except for the low-density ONS on overall energy intake. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that ONS had beneficial effects on overall appetite, energy intake, body weight and BMI.

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