scholarly journals Companion dog acquisition and mental well-being: a community-based three-arm controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Powell ◽  
Kate M. Edwards ◽  
Paul McGreevy ◽  
Adrian Bauman ◽  
Anthony Podberscek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Dog Ownership ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background Dog ownership is suggested to improve mental well-being, although empirical evidence among community dog owners is limited. This study examined changes in human mental well-being following dog acquisition, including four measures: loneliness, positive and negative affect, and psychological distress. Methods We conducted an eight-month controlled study involving three groups (n = 71): 17 acquired a dog within 1 month of baseline (dog acquisition); 29 delayed dog acquisition until study completion (lagged control); and 25 had no intentions of acquiring a dog (community control). All participants completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale (possible scores 0–60), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Kessler10 at baseline, three-months and eight-months. We used repeated measures ANCOVAs to analyse data with owner age and sex included as covariates. Post-hoc tests were performed for significant effects (p < 0.05). Results There was a statistically significant group by time interaction for loneliness (p = 0.03), with an estimated reduction of 8.41 units (95% CI -16.57, − 0.26) from baseline to three-months and 7.12 (95% CI -12.55, − 1.69) from baseline to eight-months in the dog acquisition group. The group by time interaction for positive affect was also significant (p = 0.03), although there was no change in the dog acquisition group. Conclusions Companion dog acquisition may reduce loneliness among community dog owners. Our study provides useful direction for future larger trials on the effects of dog ownership on human mental well-being. Trial registration This trial was retrospectively registered on 5th July 2017 with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12617000967381).

scholarly journals Group Game-Based Physical Activity Effects on Positive and Negative Affect of Male Adolescent Prisoners

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Free Dirga Dwatra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Male Prisoners ◽  
Problem Drug

This report arises from a larger study that aims to investigate the mental health of adolescent prisoners. The Indonesian juvenile justice system locks up more than half of young offenders (Pratiwi & Faridah, 2019). Questions have been rise about the mental well-being of the adolescent. This study, with a sample of 28 male prisoners age between 14 to 18 years old, explored the effects of physical activity using group-based games on mental heath of adolescent prisoners. These participants showed many behavioral and emotional problems before entering and during their time in prison, such as: family problem, drug abuse,problems with peers and officers. The participants had three sessions of game activities in one week. The pretest-posttest design was used to collect the data. This experimental study measured with positive affect and negative affect scale (PANAS) by Watson, Clark, and Carey (1988). Results show that group games-based physical activity can increase positive affect M= 4.750 (Sig = 0.001) from pretest to posttest, and decrease negative affect M= 2.968 (Sig = 0.003) from pretest to posttest. This study aims to show that that group games-based physical activity can make their lives inside the prison would be meaningful.

Assessing Emotional Well-Being as a Result of Quarantining During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Breanne Wilson ◽  
Will Althoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Impacts

UNSTRUCTURED Emotional well-being can be negatively impacted by lack of social interaction. This study examined the effects of social isolation on emotional well-being. Respondents filled out a weekly survey for a period of 10 weeks, reporting their positive and negative affect (PANAS-X) and the effects of quarantine on their emotional well-being. Results indicate that quarantining had a negative effect on respondents’ emotional well-being. Activites and outings, suggested by the CDC, could potentially decrease the negative impacts of quarantine.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic Restrictions in Italy. The Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect with Positive and Negative Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-710
Author(s):  
Andrea Zammitti ◽  
Chiara Imbrogliera ◽  
Angela Russo ◽  
Rita Zarbo ◽  
Paola Magnano
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and flourishing) and negative outcomes (psychological distress caused by a traumatic life event in terms of perception of PTSD symptoms) on Italian adults during the lockdown period. Data was collected between April and May 2020. The participants were 281 Italian adults aged between 18 and 73 years. The survey was composed of the following measures: Flourishing Scale, Jarel Spiritual Well-Being scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Impact of Event Scale—Revised, Fear of COVID-19. The mediational analysis shows that fear of COVID-19 fully mediates the relationship between negative affect and spiritual well-being and flourishing; fear of COVID-19 partially mediates the relationship between negative affect and PTSD symptoms; the positive affect shows only direct effects on positive outcomes. Therefore, fear of COVID-19 does not play any mediation role. Implications for psychological interventions and future research will be discussed.

Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone on fatigue and well-being in women with quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised controlled trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1144-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hartkamp ◽  
R Geenen ◽  
G L R Godaert ◽  
M Bijl ◽  
J W J Bijlsma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
General Fatigue ◽  
Mental Well Being

ObjectiveDehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been reported to improve fatigue and reduced well-being. Both are major problems in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), even with quiescent disease. Low serum DHEA levels are common in SLE. The present work investigates the effects of DHEA administration on fatigue, well-being and functioning in women with inactive SLE.MethodsIn a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study, 60 female patients with inactive SLE received 200 mg oral DHEA or placebo. Primary outcome measures were general fatigue, depressive mood, mental well-being and physical functioning. Assessments were made before treatment, after 3, 6 and 12 months on medication, and 6 months after cessation of treatment.ResultsPatients from the DHEA and placebo group improved on general fatigue (p<0.001) and mental well-being (p=0.04). There was no differential effect of DHEA. The belief that DHEA had been used was a stronger predictor for improvement of general fatigue than the actual use of DHEA (p=0.04).ConclusionsThe trial does not indicate an effect of daily 200 mg oral DHEA on fatigue and well-being, and therefore DHEA treatment is not recommended in unselected female patients with quiescent SLE.Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT00391924

scholarly journals Examining How Dog ‘Acquisition’ Affects Physical Activity and Psychosocial Well-Being: Findings from the BuddyStudy Pilot Trial

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Potter ◽  
Jessica E. Teng ◽  
Brittany Masteller ◽  
Caitlin Rajala ◽  
Laura B. Balzer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Dog Ownership ◽  
Dog Owners

Dog owners are more physically active than non-dog owners, but evidence of a causal relationship between dog acquisition and increased physical activity is lacking. Such evidence could inform programs and policies that encourage responsible dog ownership. Randomized controlled trials are the ‘gold standard’ for determining causation, but they are prohibited in this area due to ethical concerns. In the BuddyStudy, we tested the feasibility of using dog fostering as a proxy for dog acquisition, which would allow ethical random assignment. In this single-arm trial, 11 participants fostered a rescue dog for six weeks. Physical activity and psychosocial data were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks. At 6 weeks, mean change in steps/day was 1192.1 ± 2457.8. Mean changes on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale were −4.9 ± 8.7 and −0.8 ± 5.5, respectively. More than half of participants (55%) reported meeting someone new in their neighborhood because of their foster dog. Eight participants (73%) adopted their foster dog after the 6-week foster period; some maintained improvements in physical activity and well-being at 12 weeks. Given the demonstrated feasibility and preliminary findings of the BuddyStudy, a randomized trial of immediate versus delayed dog fostering is warranted.

Length of Caregiving and Well-Being among Older Widowers: Implications for the Dual Process Model of Bereavement

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia E. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Significant Patterns ◽  
Family Contact

The intent of this study was to examine if length of caregiving was associated with older widowers' adjustment to bereavement and to identify factors, based on principles underlying the Dual Process Model of Bereavement, that might mitigate the potential adverse effects of time spent caring. Two-hundred men over the age of 60 and in the second year of bereavement were identified from death records of older women who had died within a 12-month period. Interviews lasted about 2 hours and focused on widowers' experiences surrounding their wives' deaths along with questions about social support, health, retirement, and other demographic information. The Bradburn Affect Scale was used to measure positive and negative affect. Restoration-oriented coping, such as starting new relationships and activities were measured. These variables included extent of family contact, number of friends, having a confidante, involvement with neighbors, and participation in sports and clubs. Time since death and demographic variables were used as controls. Hierarchical linear regression was conducted on positive and negative affect after which potentially moderating effects were analyzed. Results indicated that the most important influences on negative affect were time since death, ethnicity, and participation in clubs while for positive affect the most significant factors included length of caregiving, number of friends, and having a confidante. Although no interaction effects were significant, patterns emerged. Implications for applying the DPM with older bereaved men are made.

Gratitude Orientation Reduces Death Anxiety but Not Positive and Negative Affect

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna W. L. Lau ◽  
Sheung-Tak Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Induction Procedure

This study aims at investigating whether a gratitude induction procedure can reduce death anxiety and promote emotional well-being. Ninety Chinese undergraduate students were randomly assigned into one of three experimental conditions: gratitude, hassle, and neutral. In each condition, participants were instructed to spend 15–20 minutes to reflect on past events and to write up to five events of the designated category. Subsequently, they responded to measures of death anxiety and affect. Results showed that those in the gratitude condition reported much lower death anxiety than those in the neutral or the hassle group. However, gratitude had no effect on positive or negative affect. The findings suggest that the effect of gratitude may be specific to death anxiety, which does not occur in the context of the enhancement of overall emotional well-being.

scholarly journals Disentangling dynamic affect trajectories for distinct depression courses during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Lunansky ◽  
Ria H. A. Hoekstra ◽  
Tessa Blanken
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Boston College ◽  
Measurement Moment ◽  
Affect States

Background. Why does adversity lead to mental health complaints in some, but not others? Individual differences in the development of depressive complaints are related to the regulation of affect states. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a prolonged period of perturbations to the daily lives of people across the globe, providing an unparalleled opportunity to investigate how fluctuations in positive and negative affect relate to the evolution of mood complaints.Methods. 228 participants from the Boston College daily sleep and well-being survey completed at least 20 assessments of positive and negative affect and depression complaints between March 20th 2020 and June 26th 2020. We explored affect trajectories throughout this period and estimated longitudinal multilevel network models. Furthermore, we investigated how individual network structures relate to changes in depression severity over time.Results. On average, positive affect was reported somewhat higher than negative affect. However, when separating affect trajectories based on the individuals’ depressive complaints, we identified that individuals consistently experiencing depressive complaints report higher levels of negative affect compared with positive affect. Contrary, individuals consistently reporting no depressive complaints show opposite results. Furthermore, we found many and strong associations in the multilevel network between the distinct affect states and depressive complaints. Lastly, we established that the higher the connectivity of an individual’s network, the larger their change in depressive complaints is.Conclusions. We conclude that affect fluctuations are directly related to the development of depressive complaints, both within- and across individuals, and both within a single measurement moment and over time.

scholarly journals Sense of Humor dengan Subjective Well-Being Pada Remaja dengan Orangtua yang Bercerai

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Fira Ayu Yustia ◽  
Hairani Lubis ◽  
Elda Trialisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Life Scale

Perceraian orangtua berdampak negatif bagi subjective well-being pada remaja yang menjadi korban dari perceraian tersebut, oleh karena itu perlu adanya sense of humor agar remaja mampu kembali merasakan kebahagiaan dan mencapai kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empirik ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara sense of humor dengan subjective well-being pada remaja dengan orangtua yang bercerai di Kota Samarinda. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 150 orang remaja yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Satisfication with Life Scale (SWLS) dan Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) untuk mengukur variabel subjective well-being dan skala sense of humor kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment menghasilkan nilai r hitung = -0.159 dan p=0.052>0.05. Hasil perhitungan tersebut menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara sense of humor dengan subjective well-being pada remaja dengan orangtua bercerai di Kota Samarinda. Parents divorce has a negative impact on subjective well-being in adolescents who are victims of the divorce, an adolescents need to have a sense of humor that able to feel happiness and prosperity. This study aims to empirically examine relationship between sense of humor and subjective well-being in adolescents with divorced parents in Samarinda. The subjects in this study were 150 teenagers who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The measuring instruments used in this study are Satisfication with Life Scale (SWLS) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) to measure subjective well-being and sense of humor scales and then analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test resulting in the value of r = - 0.159 and p = 0.052 > 0.05. The results of these calculations indicate that there is no relationship between sense of humor and subjective well-being in adolescents with divorced parents in Samarinda.

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