scholarly journals Social determinants and spatio-temporal variation of Ischemic Heart Disease in Manitoba

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Dyck ◽  
Robert Tate ◽  
Julia Uhanova ◽  
Mahmoud Torabi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Socioeconomic Factor ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Introduction The aim was to study any spatial and/or temporal patterns of ischemic heart disease (IHD) prevalence and measure the effects of selected social determinants on these spatial and space-time patterns. Methods Data were obtained from the Population Research Data Repository housed at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy to identify persons who were diagnosed with IHD between 1995 and 2018. These persons were geocoded to 96 geographic regions of Manitoba. An area-level socioeconomic factor index (SEFI-2) and the proportion of the population who was Indigenous were calculated for each geographic region using the 2016 Canadian Census data. Associations between these factors and IHD prevalence were measured using Bayesian spatial Poisson regression models. Temporal trends and spatio-temporal trends were measured using Bayesian spatio-temporal Poisson regression models. Results Univariable models showed a significant association with increased regional Indigenous population proportion associated with a higher prevalence of IHD (RR: 0.07, 95% CredInt: (0.05, 0.10)) and for SEFI-2 (RR: 0.17, 95% CredInt: (0.11, 0.23)). Using a multivariable model, after accounting for the proportion of the population that was Indigenous, there was no evidence of an association between IHD prevalence and area-level socioeconomic factor. Spatio-temporal models showed no significant overall temporal trend in IHD prevalence, but there were significant spatially varying temporal trends within the 96 regions. Conclusions Association between Indigenous population proportion and IHD is consistent with previous research. No significant overall temporal trend was measured. However, regions with significantly increasing trends and significantly decreasing trends in IHD prevalence were identified.

Abstract 14953: Temporal Trends in Non-invasive Diagnostic Tests for Ischemic Heart Disease Among Us Adults Age 64 Years or Younger: Results From the Marketscan Survey, 2010-2018

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyoun Park ◽  
Yuling Hong ◽  
Cathleen Gillespie ◽  
Robert Merritt ◽  
Laurence Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exercise Ecg

Introduction: Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) accounts for two thirds of heart disease deaths. Non-invasive cardiovascular tests (NITs) are often the first step to establish an IHD diagnosis. Methods: We analyzed 2010-2018 IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Databases. NITs including exercise ECG, stress echocardiography, CT coronary artery calcification score (CT-CAC), single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), cardiac CT angiography (CTA), nuclear positron emission tomography/myocardial perfusion imaging (PET/MPI), stress MRI, were identified using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes. IHD using ICD 9/10 codes (410-414, 429.2/I20-I25) and chest pain (786.59/R07.89) or unspecified chest pain (786.50/R07.9) were identified. The 2000 Census population was used to calculate the age standardized prevalence. Results: The data included 20,726,587 individuals (48.1% men, mean age (standard deviation) of 49.1 (13.5) years), among which 67,339 had a diagnosis of IHD or chest pain in 2018. The age standardized prevalence of the overall population that had at least one of the 7 tests is 1.60% in 2018, down from 2.47% in 2010. The responding prevalence for those with IHD or chest pain was 54.3% in 2018 and 61.6% in 2010. Exercise ECG was the most utilized test for the overall population: 0.94% in 2018 down from 1.31% in 2010; SPECT was second most often used with 0.75% in 2018 and 1.24% in 2010. However, SPECT was the most often utilized test among those with CHD or chest pain: 38.2% in 2018, down from 45.0% in 2010, and exercise ECG second most often with 32.6% in 2018 and 34.9% in 2010. An increase in use of CT-CAC, PET/MPI, and CTA tests was observed since 2010, but the prevalence of all were low in 2018. 0.02%. 0.01%, and 0.04% for the overall population and 0.20%, 0.95% and 3.20% for those with IHD or chest pain, respectively. Conclusions: Almost 2% of the general younger US adult population and over half of those with IHD or chest pain had undergone at least one of 7 NITs in 2018. While the utilization of overall NITs for both the general population and those with IHD or chest pain has declined since 2010, it has increased for CT-CAC, PET/MPI, and CTA but still less than 1% for CT-CAC and PET/MPI..

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in 21 World Regions, 1980 to 2010

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (14) ◽  
pp. 1483-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Moran ◽  
Mohammad H. Forouzanfar ◽  
Gregory A. Roth ◽  
George A. Mensah ◽  
Majid Ezzati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
World Regions ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality

Spatio-temporal Analysis of Acute Admissions for Ischemic Heart Disease in NSW, Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Burden ◽  
Subharup Guha ◽  
Geoff Morgan ◽  
Louise Ryan ◽  
Ross Sparks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Acute Admissions

Social Gradients in Oral and General Health

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 992-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sabbah ◽  
G. Tsakos ◽  
T. Chandola ◽  
A. Sheiham ◽  
R.G. Watt
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
General Health ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
Using Data

There are social gradients in general health and oral health. However, there have been few studies addressing whether similarities exist in the gradients in oral and general health in the same individuals. We set out to test, using data from NHANES III, whether there are social gradients in oral health, and whether they resemble the gradients in general health. Income, indicated by poverty-income ratio, and education gradients were examined in periodontal diseases, ischemic heart disease, and perceived oral/general health. Our analysis demonstrated consistent income and education gradients in all outcomes assessed. In the adjusted regression models, the probabilities of having poorer clinical and perceived health were attenuated, but remained significantly higher at each lower level of income and education for most outcomes. The results showed similar income and education gradients in oral and general health, implying commonalities of the social determinants of both oral and general health.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends of the Incidence of Ischemic Heart Disease in Iran Over 15 Years: A Comprehensive Report from a Multi-Centric Hospital-Based Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 847-856
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nouri ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Marzieh Taheri ◽  
Noushin Mohammadifard ◽  
Somayeh Khodarahmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Ischemic Heart

scholarly journals Does diet map with mortality? Ecological association of dietary patterns with chronic disease mortality and its spatial dependence in Switzerland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Giulia Pestoni ◽  
Nena Karavasiloglou ◽  
Julia Braun ◽  
Jean-Philippe Krieger ◽  
Janice M. Sych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
District Level ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Disease Mortality

Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and chronic disease mortality in Switzerland using an ecologic design and to explore the spatial dependence of these associations, i.e. the tendency of near locations to present more similar values than randomly expected and distant locations to present more different values. Data of the cross-sectional National Nutrition Survey menuCH (n = 2,057) were used to compute hypothesis- (Alternate Healthy Eating Index, AHEI) and data-driven dietary patterns. District-level standardised mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated using the Swiss Federal Statistical Office mortality data and were linked to dietary data by the participants’ place of residence. Quasipoisson regression models were fitted to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and chronic disease mortality; Moran’s I statistics were used to explore the spatial dependence. Compared to the first, the fifth AHEI quintile (representing the highest diet quality) was associated with district-level SMR (95% confidence interval) of 0.95 (0.93-0.97) for cardiovascular disease, 0.91 (0.88-0.95) for ischemic heart disease, 0.97 (0.95-0.99) for stroke, 0.99 (0.98-1.00) for all-cancer, 0.98 (0.96-0.99) for colorectal cancer, and 0.93 (0.89-0.96) for diabetes. Additionally, the Swiss traditional and Western-like patterns were associated with significantly higher district-level SMR for cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes (ranging from 1.02 to 1.08) compared to the Prudent pattern. Finally, significant global and local spatial dependence was identified, with very similar results observed across hypothesis- and data-driven dietary patterns. To conclude, significant associations were observed between dietary patterns and mortality from various chronic diseases, and chronic disease mortality clustered locally, with high similarities between hypothesis- and data-driven dietary patterns. Further analyses including spatial components in regression models would allow to better understand local factors influencing diet-disease associations and to identify regions where nutritional interventions are needed the most.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal patterns of pneumonia in Bhutan: A Bayesian analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinley Wangdi ◽  
Kinley Penjor ◽  
Tsheten Tsheten ◽  
Chachu Tshering ◽  
Peter Gething ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Trends

Abstract Pneumonia is one of the top 10 diseases by morbity in Bhutan. This study aimed to investigate the spatial and temporal trends and risk factors of pneumonia in Bhutan. A multivariable Zero-inflated Poisson regression using a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation was undertaken to quantify associations of age, sex, rainfall, maximum temperature and relative humidity with monthly pneumonia incidence and identify underlying spatial structure of the data. Overall pneumonia incidence was 96.5 and 4.57 per 1,000 populations over nine years in people aged < 5 years and ≥ 5 years, respectively. Children < 5 years or being a female are more like to get pneumonia than ≥ 5 years and males. A 10mm increase in rainfall and 1°C increase in maximum temperature was associated with a 7.2% (95% (credible interval [CrI] 0.7%, 14.0%) and 28.6% (95% CrI 27.2%, 30.1%) increase in pneumonia cases. A 1% increase in relative humidity was associated with a decrease in the incidence of pneumonia by 8.6% (95% CrI 7.5%, 9.7%). There was no evidence of spatial clustering after accounting for the covariates. Seasonality and spatial heterogeneity can partly be explained by the association of pneumonia risk to climatic factors including rainfall, maximum temperature and relative humidity.

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