scholarly journals Evaluate five different diagnostic tests for dry mouth assessment in geriatric residents in long-term institutions in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Ming Cheng ◽  
Shao-Huan Lan ◽  
Yen-Ping Hsieh ◽  
Shou-Jen Lan ◽  
Shang-Wei Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Geriatric Residents

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Treatment Methods for Ocular Surface Disease in Glaucoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Gemma C M Rossi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease ◽  
Anterior Surface ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Associated Diseases

Glaucoma and ocular surface disease (OSD) are often concomitant disorders (OSD is the consequence of a tear film dysfunction that may be due to several conditions). The aims of the paper are to suggest a sequence of diagnostic tests easy to perform in daily practice, both subjective and objective, to detect the onset of the OSD; and, second, to propose how to prevent and, if the case, how to manage the OSD. Briefly, tear film break-up time (TF-BUT) and corneal/conjunctival staining are suggested to detect the main signs of OSD. In terms of therapy, the long-term exposure to benzalkonium chloride (BAK) should be minimised, preferring non-BAK-preserved or BAK-free glaucoma medications, where available, as well as fixed combinations. The treatment of associated diseases of the anterior surface may reduce signs; use of non BAK-preserved tears may reduce symptoms.

Presumptive pyometra leading to a diagnosis of uterine neoplasia in two queens

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e000965
Author(s):  
Josephine A Dornbusch ◽  
Laura Elizabeth Selmic ◽  
Sarah A Salyer ◽  
James Howard ◽  
Vincent A Wavreille
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Extent Of Disease

Uterine tumours are rarely reported in cats. This case report describes two older queens with typical presentations consistent with pyometra. However, histopathology of the uteri diagnosed each case with concurrent uterine neoplasia (endometrial adenocarcinoma and poorly differentiated sarcoma). One cat survived long-term, while the other was suspected to have advanced metastatic disease and pulmonary metastasis on postoperative radiographs after developing respiratory distress. Diagnostic tests, including thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound, should be considered when evaluating middle-aged to older queens suspected of pyometra to screen for evidence of neoplasia and to assess the extent of disease. Histopathological analysis of excised uterine tissue should be recommended to assess for uterine neoplasia in all cats with presumptive pyometra.

scholarly journals Pharmacist-led medication reviews for geriatric residents in German long-term care facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Bitter ◽  
Christina Pehe ◽  
Manfred Krüger ◽  
Gabriela Heuer ◽  
Regine Quinke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Medication Reviews ◽  
Geriatric Residents

scholarly journals Long-term efficacy of BCG vaccination in goat herds with a high prevalence of tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Arrieta-Villegas ◽  
Alberto Allepuz ◽  
Miriam Grasa ◽  
Maite Martín ◽  
Zoraida Cervera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Release Assay

AbstractVaccination of goats against tuberculosis (TB) has been promoted as an ancillary tool for controlling the disease in infected livestock herds. A three-year trial to assess the efficacy of BCG vaccine was carried out in five goat herds. At the beginning of the trial (month 0), all animals were tested for TB using thee different diagnostic tests. Animals negative to all tests were vaccinated with BCG and all replacement goat kids were also systematically vaccinated throughout the trial. All animals were tested by Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) using vaccine compatible reagents at months 6, 12, 24, and 36. The risk factors for TB infection were also evaluated. At the end of the study, four out of five farms showed variable reductions of the initial prevalence (93.5%, 28.5%, 23.2%, and 14.3% respectively), and an overall incidence reduction of 50% was observed in BCG vaccinated goats, although adult vaccinated goats showed higher incidences than vaccinated goat kids. The unvaccinated positive animals remaining in herds and adult BCG vaccinated goats significantly enhanced the risk of infection in vaccinated animals. A systematic vaccination of goats with BCG, together with the removal of positive unvaccinated animals, may contribute to reducing the TB prevalence in goat herds.

Information needs of hematologic cancer survivors

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18547-18547 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Soloe ◽  
K. Bandel ◽  
M. Jarblum ◽  
E. Willacy ◽  
S. Squire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cancer Centers ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Cancer Experience ◽  
Financial Issues

18547 Background: Little is known about how information needs of cancer survivors/patients (S/P), caregivers (CG), and non-caregiver relatives (NCG) evolve during the cancer experience. Methods: We conducted structured interviews of 21 leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma S/P, 13 CG, and 19 NCG, and asked them to prioritize information needs during the 4 cancer experience phases from a list of 13 topics. This research was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: Information preferences varied (Friedman’s test, P < 0.0001) by phase of the cancer experience. Topics ranked highest (median rank in parentheses) before treatment, during treatment, after treatment, and at relapse, respectively, were diagnostic tests (2), cancer/ cancer types (2.5), treatment options (3.4), hospitals/cancer centers (3.5), and insurance/financial issues (4); coping with treatment side effects (3), insurance/financial issues (4.5), treatment options (5), hospitals/cancer centers (5), and long term side effects (5); long term side effects (2), tests to detect recurrence (2), risk factors (3), diagnostic tests (4), and support groups (5); and tests to detect recurrence (3), insurance/financial issues (3), cancer/cancer types (4), diagnostic tests (5), and treatment options (5). Across the cancer experience, the highest priority topics for S/P, CG, and NCG, were cancer/ cancer types (4), treatment options (4), long term side effects (5), and risk factors (5); diagnostic tests (4.5), coping with side effects of treatment (5), and treatment options (5); and treatment options (3), diagnostic tests (4), and 5 other topics tied for 3rd place (6). In-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted with the surveys provided additional detail regarding responses collected in the prioritization exercise. Conclusions: Clinicians can help S/P, CG, and NCG by offering role- and cancer continuum-targeted information. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Long-term patient reported outcomes following radiation therapy for oropharyngeal cancer: A symptom assessment study in patients >65 years old.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21611-e21611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Ali Eraj ◽  
Mona K Jomaa ◽  
Crosby Douglas Rock ◽  
Abdallah Mohamed ◽  
Adam S. Garden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Patient Reported

e21611 Background: Given the potential for older patients (pts) to experience exaggerated toxicity and symptoms, this study was performed to characterize pt reported outcomes (PROs) in older pts following definitive radiation therapy (RT) for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). Methods: Disease-free head and neck cancer survivors ( > 6 mos. since tx) were eligible for participation in a questionnaire-based study. Participants completed the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck module (MDASI-HN). Those who had been treated for OPC with definitive RT (w/ or w/o systemic therapy) and were > 65 y/o at time of RT were included. Individual and overall symptom severity and clinical variables were analyzed. Results: Of the 79 participants analyzed, 82% were male, 95% white, 41% T3/4 disease, 39% RT alone, 27% induction chemotherapy, 52% concurrent, and 18% both, and 96% IMRT. Median age at the time of RT was 71 yrs. (range: 65-85); median time from end of RT to MDASI-HN completion was 46 mos. (2/3 > 24 mos.). The top 5 MDASI-HN items rated most severe in terms of mean (±SD) ratings (0-10 scale) were dry mouth (3.48±2.95), taste (2.81±3.29), swallowing (2.59±2.96), mucus in mouth/throat (2.04±2.68), and choking (1.30±2.38) reported at moderate to severe levels (≥5) by 35, 29, 29, 18, and 13%, respectively. Thirty-nine % reported none (0) or no more than mild (1-4) symptoms across all 22 MDASI-HN symptoms items, and 38% had at least one item rated as severe (≥7). Hierarchal cluster analysis resulted in 3 patient groups: 1) ~75% with generally no to moderate symptom burden, 2) ~25% with moderate to severe ratings for a subset of classically RT-related symptoms (e.g. dry mouth, mucus, swallow, taste), and 3) only 2 pts with severe ratings of nearly all items. Subgroup comparisons will be presented. Conclusions: The overall long-term symptom burden seen in this older OPC cohort was largely favorable, yet a higher symptom group (~25%) with a distinct pattern of mostly local symptoms was identified. We have implemented the routine use of symptom assessment tools as part of OPC survivorship programs and plan to explore age-dose-modeling of symptoms identified and associated normal structures.

scholarly journals The Role of Medications in Causing Dry Eye

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick T. Fraunfelder ◽  
James J. Sciubba ◽  
William D. Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Action ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Ocular Drugs

The purpose of this paper is to review the possible role of polypharmacy in causing dry eye disease (DED), reflecting the complex interactions and complications associated with the use of multiple systemic and topical ocular medications. The pharmacological, physiological, anatomical, and histological mechanisms causing dry mouth differ little from those causing dry eye. Oral polypharmacy is the most common cause of dry mouth, but has not been investigated as a cause of dry eye. Topical ocular polypharmacy has been shown to cause DED. Information on drugs that likely cause or aggravate DED and the controversial role of preservatives in topical ocular medications are examined. Systemic or topical ocular medications and preservatives used in topical ocular drugs may cause dry eye through the drug's therapeutic action, ocular surface effects, or preservatives, and the effects probably are additive. Long-term use of topical ocular medications, especially those containing preservatives such as BAK, may play an important role in DED and the role of polypharmacy needs further study. We review possible ways to decrease the risk of medication-related dry eye.

An Agenda For Econometric Model Building

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 123-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Granato
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Residual Correction ◽  
Statistical Criteria

This article addresses the lack of cohesion in econometric model building. This incoherence contributes to model building based on statistical criteria—correcting residuals—and not theoretical criteria. The models we build, therefore, are not valid replications of theory. To deal with this problem, an agenda for model building is outlined and discussed. Drawing on the methodological approaches of Hendry, Qin, and Favero (1989), Hendry and Richard (1982, 1983), Sargan (1964), and Spanos (1986), this agenda incorporates a “general to simple” modeling philosophy, a battery of diagnostic tests, reduction theory, and the development of models that include short-term and long-term parameters. A comparison is made between a model based on this agenda and a model based on corrected residuals. The findings show that the agenda-based model outperforms the residual correction model.

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