Self-reported sleep bruxism is associated with vitamin D deficiency and low dietary calcium intake: a case-control study

Abstract Background Sleep bruxism may result in deleterious effects including loss of tooth enamel, fracture of teeth or restorations, teeth hypersensitivity or pain, and headache. The aim was to study the link between sleep bruxism, low serum vitamin D, low consumption of dietary calcium, psychological symptoms, and frequent headache. Methods This case-controlled study included 50 individuals with sleep bruxism and 50 age and gender matched controls. 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured in serum. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to measure anxiety and depression. Data about dietary calcium and frequent headache were self-reported. Results Participants with sleep bruxism had lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D and higher scores of anxiety and depression compared to controls (p < 0.05). Vitamin D deficiency, abnormal scores of anxiety and depression, low calcium consumption (< 323 mg/day), and frequent headache were reported in higher % of individuals with sleep bruxism compared to controls (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that sleep bruxism was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency (OR = 6.66, p = 0.02), low consumption of dietary calcium (OR = 5.94, p = 0.01), and frequent headache (OR = 9.24, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that anxiety was significantly associated with decreased 25-hydroxyvitamin D (p = 0.03), increased scores of depression (p < 0.001) and female sex (p = 0.01). Binary logistic regression also showed that frequent headache was significantly associated with sleep bruxism (OR = 5.51, p < 0.01). Conclusions Sleep bruxism was associated with vitamin D deficiency and low consumption of calcium and was also associated with increased scores of anxiety and depression. Further investigations should be performed to check if vitamin D and calcium supplementation could relieve sleep bruxism.

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Response of the 5′-flanking region of the human 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase gene to physiological stimuli using a transgenic mouse model

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/jme.1.01654 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 237-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

I Hendrix ◽

P H Anderson ◽

J L Omdahl ◽

B K May ◽

H A Morris

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Reporter Gene ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Flanking Region

The enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase, or CYP27B1, is the key enzyme in the two-step activation process of vitamin D to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D). While a number of regulators of the renal CYP27B1 enzyme activity have been recognized for some years, their underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown, and the DNA regions involved in the in vivo regulation of gene expression by these factors have not been delineated. We have generated a transgenic mouse line that expresses 1501 bp of 5′ flanking region together with 44 bp of 5′ untranslated region of the human CYP27B1 gene fused to the firefly luciferase reporter gene. Animals expressing the luciferase gene demonstrated that both luciferase protein and mRNA for CYP27B1 were localized to proximal convoluted tubule cells of the kidney. In 2-week-old animals, the expression of the transgene and the endogenous CYP27B1 mRNA levels in the kidney were highest and fell with increasing age. Both reporter gene expression and CYP27B1 mRNA levels were downregulated in response to increasing amounts of dietary calcium in a dose-dependent manner. Vitamin D deficiency resulted in an increase in both the reporter gene and CYP27B1 expression. Interestingly, the increase in CYP27B1 mRNA levels was substantially higher than the increase in reporter gene expression, suggesting either that there is a post-transcriptional mechanism that increases the amount of CYP27B1 mRNA or that other regulatory elements are required to maximize the effect of vitamin D deficiency. These findings demonstrate that the 1501 bp 5′ flanking region of the CYP27B1 gene directs expression to the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney and is responsible for increasing transcriptional activity when dietary calcium and vitamin D levels are depleted. It also responds in the kidney to the physiological regulators of development and ageing.

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Vitamin D Deficiency Is Not Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy or Maculopathy

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2016/6156217 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Uazman Alam ◽

Yasar Amjad ◽

Anges Wan Shan Chan ◽

Omar Asghar ◽

Ioannis N. Petropoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Clinical Covariates ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background. Experimental and clinical studies suggest a possible association between vitamin D deficiency and both diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy.Methods. We have performed a cross-sectional study in adults with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The relationship between the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was evaluated using logistic regression analyses in the presence of demographic and clinical covariates.Results. 657 adults with diabetes were stratified based on retinopathy grading: No Diabetic Retinopathy (39%), Background Diabetic Retinopathy (37%), Preproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (21%), and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (3%), respectively. There were no differences in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (25(OH)D) between the groups (15.3±9.0versus16.4±10.5versus15.9±10.4versus15.7±8.5 ng/mL,P=NS). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated no statistically significant relationship between the severity of retinopathy and serum 25(OH)D. Furthermore, there was no difference in serum 25(OH)D between those with (n=94, 14%) and those without (n=563, 86%) Diabetic Maculopathy (16.2±10.0versus15.8±9.8,P=NS) and no relationship was demonstrated by logistic regression analyses between the two variables.Conclusions. This study has found no association between serum 25(OH)D and the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy.

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Association of intestinal permeability with admission vitamin D deficiency in patients who are critically ill

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1136/jim-2019-001132 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 397-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ghazaleh Eslamian ◽

Seyed Hossein Ardehali ◽

Melika Hajimohammadebrahim-Ketabforoush ◽

Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Intestinal Permeability ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Plasma Endotoxin ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Relationship

Emerging data have led to the hypothesis that vitamin D plays a role in promoting epithelial barrier dysfunction. Therefore, intestinal permeability becomes a significant determiner in the future of patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU). The relationship between vitamin D and intestinal permeability remains unclear in patients who are critically ill. The aim of the study is to document the relationship between the admission vitamin D deficiency and markers of intestinal permeability in the critical care setting. This was a single-center, observational, prospective study in the general ICU of a university-affiliated hospital. A sample of 144 ICU-hospitalized adult patients was recruited between January and May 2018. The admission serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured and categorized as <20 and ≥20 ng/dL, respectively. Moreover, the admission plasma endotoxin and zonulin concentrations as markers of intestinal permeability were determined in stringent conditions. The association between markers of intestinal permeability and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was assessed adjusting for potential confounders through an estimation of a binary logistic regression model. Our results showed that median plasma endotoxin and zonulin decreased with increasing serum levels of vitamin D categories (p=0.001) in the overall study population. Multivariate binary logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between the plasma endotoxin (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.52) and zonulin (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.99) levels with serum levels of vitamin D categories in the overall population. Our finding suggests a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and early alterations in intestinal permeability. Thus, evaluating vitamin D levels in patients who are critically ill may be warranted.

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Depressed Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Increase Hospital Stay and Alter Glucose Homeostasis in First-ever Ischemic Stroke

Current Neurovascular Research ◽

10.2174/1567202616666190924161947 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 340-347

Author(s):

Yuge Wang ◽

Yanqiang Wang ◽

Bingjun Zhang ◽

Yinyao Lin ◽

Sha Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Deficiency Group

Background and Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is internationally recognized among the potentially modifiable risk factors for ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, the association between vitamin D deficiency and stroke morbidity or mortality remains insufficiently known. Our aim is to investigate their relevance to 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels and clinical severity and outcome after 3 months in first-ever ischemic stroke. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 356 consecutive patients in first-ever ischemic stroke between 2013 and 2015. Serum 25(OH) D levels were measured at baseline. Stroke severity was assessed at admission using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Functional outcome after 3 months of onset was evaluated using the modified Rankin scale (mRS). Results: Among the 356 enrolled patients, HbA1c was higher in insufficiency/deficiency group than that in the sufficiency group (6.3 ± 1.7 vs. 5.9 ± 1.1, p =0.015). The hospital stay was longer in insufficiency/deficiency group than that in the sufficiency group (11 (8-17) vs. 9.5 (7-13), p = 0.035). There was a significant inversed trend between serum 25(OH) D levels and hospital stay (OR 0.960, P = 0.031), using logistic regression. Conclusions: 25(OH)D levels are associated with glucose homeostasis, 25(OH) D contributes to increase the length of hospital stay. Low serum 25-OHD level is an independent predictor for hospital stay in first-ever ischemic stroke. Vitamin D deficiency did not predict functional outcome in the span of 3 months.

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Vitamin D Deficiency and Seasonal and Inter-day Variation in Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Indoor Daytime Workers: A Longitudinal Study

Industrial Health ◽

10.2486/indhealth.ms1255 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 475-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Hiroaki ITOH ◽

Ippei MORI ◽

Yuki MATSUMOTO ◽

Syou MAKI ◽

Yasutaka OGAWA

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Hormone Levels ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

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A predictive model of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in UK white as well as black and Asian minority ethnic population groups for application in food fortification strategy development towards vitamin D deficiency prevention

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.09.010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 173 ◽

pp. 245-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Colette M. O’Neill ◽

Andreas Kazantzidis ◽

Mairead Kiely ◽

Lorna Cox ◽

Sarah Meadows ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Predictive Model ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Food Fortification ◽

Ethnic Population ◽

Population Groups ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Minority Ethnic

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Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a one sample Mendelian randomization study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02307-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jing Xiao ◽

Jingyi Lv ◽

Shiyu Wang ◽

Yang Zhou ◽

Lunwen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Randomization Analysis

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components. However, it is unclear whether a low concentration of vitamin D is the cause or consequence of these health conditions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D concentrations and its genetic risk scores (GRSs) with MS and its component diseases, such as T2D, in middle-aged and elderly participants from rural eastern China. Methods A subset of 2393 middle-aged and elderly individuals were selected from 70,458 participants of the Nantong Chronic Diseases Study of 2017–2018 in China. We used two 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) synthesis single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (DHCR7-rs12785878 and CYP2R1-rs10741657) and two 25(OH) D metabolism SNPs (GC-rs2282679 and CYP24A1-rs6013897) for creating GRSs, which were used as instrumental variables to assess the effect of genetically lowered 25(OH) D concentrations on MS and T2D based on the Wald ratio. F statistics were used to validate that the four SNPs genetically determined 25(OH) D concentrations. Results Compared to vitamin D sufficient individuals, individuals with vitamin D insufficiency had an odds ratio (OR [95% confidence interval {CI}]) of MS of 1.30 (1.06–1.61) and of T2D of 1.32 (1.08–1.64), individuals with vitamin D deficiency had an ORs (95% CI) of MS of 1.50 (1.24–1.79) and of T2D of 1.47 (1.12–1.80), and those with vitamin D severe deficiency had an ORs (95% CI) of MS of 1.52 (1.29–1.85) and of T2D of 1.54 (1.27–1.85). Mendelian randomization analysis showed a 25-nmol/L decrease in genetically instrumented serum 25(OH) D concentrations using the two synthesis SNPs (DHCR7 and CYP2R1 genes) associated with the risk of T2D and abnormal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with ORs of 1.10 (95%CI: 1.02–1.45) for T2D and 1.14 (95%CI: 1.03–1.43) for DBP. Conclusions This one sample Mendelian randomization analysis shows genetic evidence for a causal role of lower 25(OH) D concentrations in promoting of T2D and abnormal DBP in middle-aged and elderly participants from rural China.

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Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Chinese Rural Population

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-1342-7098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (02) ◽

pp. 105-111

Author(s):

Dongdong Zhang ◽

Cheng Cheng ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Yuan Xue ◽

Yiming Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Rural Population ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cubic Spline ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Linear Association ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractThere is a paucity of data on the relation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and cardiometabolic biomarkers in the Chinese population. To comprehensively and quantitatively examine the association of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic traits, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the Chinese rural population. Serum 25(OH)D and eight cardiometabolic biomarkers were measured in 1714 individuals from Henan province, China. Scatter plot was used to visualize the distribution and correlation of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic indicators. Moreover, multivariate linear regressions and restricted cubic spline (RCS) functions were performed to examine the quantitative association between the serum 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic parameters. The median serum 25(OH)D level was 19.94 ng/ml in all participants, with an estimated 50.12% presenting vitamin D deficiency. Serum 25(OH)D level showed significantly modest association with cardiometabolic parameters (p<0.05) except for diastolic blood pressure (r=0.03, p=0.22). Multiple linear regression models showed that 25(OH)D concentration was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting serum glucose (GLU). The results of restricted cubic spline models indicated a positively linear association of 25(OH)D with HDL-C (p for overall<0.001, p for nonlinearity=0.191) and a negatively linear association with GLU (p for overall=0.024, p for nonlinearity=0.095). Overall, vitamin D deficiency was very common among Chinese rural population living near the 34 degrees north latitude. Besides, there were significant association between 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic biomarkers including HDL-C and GLU levels. Future longitudinal studies and randomized trials are warranted to clarify the causal relationship.

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