The influence of gingival phenotype on the morphology of the maxillary central papilla

Abstract Background Preservation of the interdental papilla is an essential part of the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of dental treatment. It has been described that thicker gingival tissues are more resistant to recession. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze whether a thin gingival phenotype represents a potential risk indicator affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width in an esthetic region between maxillary central incisors. The secondary goals were: (1) to analyze parameters describing the papilla—fill, height, width, and effect of papilla base width on the vertical papillary dimension; (2) to determine correlation between different non-invasive measurements of gingival thickness; (3) to compare both sexes. Methods A total of 54 periodontally healthy students (20–30 years old) were included in the study. Gingival thickness was measured using Pirop Ultrasonic Biometer. Gingival phenotype was also assessed by gingival probe transparency. Papilla height and width were measured, and the degree of papilla recession was classified. Results No significant relationship between papilla fill, height, width and gingival probe transparency or gingival thickness was found. Gingival thickness and gingival probe transparency showed a significant relationship (P < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between papilla height and papilla fill (P = 0.028). A papilla which filled the interdental space completely seemed to be shorter. A strong positive correlation between papilla height and papilla width was found (P < 0.0001). The papilla between maxillary central incisors was significantly higher in males (P = 0.01). Conclusion The appearance of the interdental papilla may be influenced by various factors. Within the limitations of this study, the results showed that the thin gingival phenotype alone is no potential risk indicator affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width. It seems that there may be some effect of papilla base width on its vertical dimension. Gingival probe transparency is a simple reliable method of assessment of gingival thickness with a threshold value of 1-mm gingival thickness between the thick and thin phenotypes.

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The influence of gingival phenotype on the morphology of the maxillary central papilla

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34256/v4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Šimon Belák ◽

Radovan Žižka ◽

Martin Starosta ◽

Jana Zapletalová ◽

Jiří Šedý ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potential Risk ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Interdental Papilla ◽

Gingival Phenotype ◽

Probe Transparency ◽

Base Width

Abstract Background Preservation of the interdental papilla is an essential part of the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of dental treatment. It has been described that thicker gingival tissues are more resistant to recession. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze whether a thin gingival phenotype represents a potential risk indicator affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width in an esthetic region between maxillary central incisors. The secondary goals were: 1) to analyze parameters describing the papilla – fill, height, width, and effect of papilla base width on the vertical papillary dimension; 2) to determine correlation between different non-invasive measurements of gingival thickness; 3) to compare both sexes. Methods A total of 54 periodontally healthy students (20–30 years old) were included in the study. Gingival thickness was measured using Pirop Ultrasonic Biometer. Gingival phenotype was also assessed by gingival probe transparency. Papilla height and width were measured, and the degree of papilla recession was classified. Results No significant relationship between papilla fill, height, width and gingival probe transparency or gingival thickness was found. Gingival thickness and gingival probe transparency showed a significant relationship (P < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between papilla height and papilla fill (P = 0.028). A papilla which filled the interdental space completely seemed to be shorter. A strong positive correlation between papilla height and papilla width was found (P <0.0001). The papilla between maxillary central incisors was significantly higher in males (P = 0.01). Conclusion The appearance of the interdental papilla may be influenced by various factors. Within the limitations of this study, the results showed that the thin gingival phenotype alone is no potential risk indicator affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width. It seems that there may be some effect of papilla base width on its vertical dimension. Gingival probe transparency is a simple reliable method of assessment of gingival thickness with a threshold value of 1-mm gingival thickness between the thick and thin phenotypes.

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The Influence of Gingival Phenotype on the Morphology of the Maxillary Central Papilla

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34256/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Šimon Belák ◽

Radovan Žižka ◽

Martin Starosta ◽

Jana Zapletalová ◽

Jiří Šedý ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Potential Risk Factor ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Interdental Papilla ◽

Gingival Phenotype ◽

Probe Transparency ◽

Base Width

Abstract BackgroundPreservation of the interdental papilla is an essential part of the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of dental treatment. It has been described that thicker gingival tissues are more resistant to recession. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze whether a thin gingival phenotype represents a potential risk factor affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width in an esthetic region between maxillary central incisors. The secondary goals were: 1) to analyze parameters describing the papilla – fill, height, width, and effect of papilla base width on the vertical papillary dimension; 2) to determine correlation between different non-invasive measurements of gingival thickness; 3) to compare both sexes.MethodsA total of 54 periodontally healthy students (20–30 years old) were included in the study. Gingival thickness was measured using Pirop Ultrasonic Biometer. Gingival phenotype was also assessed by gingival probe transparency. Papilla height and width were measured, and the degree of papilla recession was classified.ResultsNo significant relationship between papilla fill, height, width and gingival probe transparency or gingival thickness was found. Gingival thickness and gingival probe transparency showed a significant relationship (P < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between papilla height and papilla fill (P = 0.028). A papilla which filled the interdental space completely seemed to be shorter. A strong positive correlation between papilla height and papilla width was found (P <0.0001). The papilla between maxillary central incisors was significantly higher in males (P = 0.01).ConclusionThe appearance of the interdental papilla may be influenced by various factors. Within the limitations of this study, the results showed that the thin gingival phenotype alone is no potential risk factor affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width. It seems that there may be some effect of papilla base width on its vertical dimension. Gingival probe transparency is a simple reliable method of assessment of gingival thickness with a threshold value of 1-mm gingival thickness between the thick and thin phenotypes.

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The influence of gingival phenotype on the morphology of the maxillary central papilla

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34256/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Šimon Belák ◽

Radovan Žižka ◽

Martin Starosta ◽

Jana Zapletalová ◽

Jiří Šedý ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Positive Association ◽

Potential Risk Factor ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Interdental Papilla ◽

Gingival Phenotype ◽

Probe Transparency ◽

Base Width

Abstract Background Preservation of the interdental papilla is an essential part of the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of dental treatment. It has been described that thicker gingival tissues are more resistant to recession. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze whether a thin gingival phenotype represents a potential risk factor affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width in an esthetic region between maxillary central incisors. The secondary goals were: 1) to analyze parameters describing the papilla – fill, height, width, and effect of papilla base width on the vertical papillary dimension; 2) to determine correlation between different non-invasive measurements of gingival thickness; 3) to compare both sexes.Methods A total of 54 periodontally healthy students (20–30 years old) were included in the study. Gingival thickness was measured using Pirop Ultrasonic Biometer. Gingival phenotype was also assessed by gingival probe transparency. Papilla height and width were measured, and the degree of papilla recession was classified.Results No significant correlation between papilla fill, height, width and gingival probe transparency or gingival thickness was found. Gingival thickness and gingival probe transparency showed a significant relationship (P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between papilla height and papilla fill (P = 0.028). A papilla which filled the interdental space completely seemed to be shorter. A strong positive association between papilla height and papilla width was found (P <0.0001). The papilla between maxillary central incisors was significantly higher in males (P = 0.01).Conclusion The appearance of the interdental papilla may be influenced by various factors. Within the limitations of this study, the results showed that the thin gingival phenotype alone is no potential risk factor affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width. There seems to be an effect of papilla base width on its vertical dimension. Gingival probe transparency is a simple reliable method of assessment of gingival thickness with a threshold value of 1-mm gingival thickness between the thick and thin phenotypes.

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The influence of gingival phenotype in the morphology of the central maxillary interdental papilla

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34256/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Šimon Belák ◽

Radovan Žižka ◽

Martin Starosta ◽

Jana Zapletalová ◽

Jiří Šedý ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Treatment ◽

Positive Association ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Soft Tissue Thickness ◽

Study Results ◽

Strong Positive Association ◽

Interdental Papilla ◽

Gingival Phenotype ◽

Probe Transparency

Abstract BackgroundPreservation of interdental papilla is an essential part of the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of dental treatment. It was described that thicker gingival tissues are more resistant to recession. The main objective of this investigation was to analyze if the gingival phenotype represents a potential risk factor affecting interdental papilla fill, height, or width in an esthetic region between central maxillary incisors. The secondary goals were: 1) analyze parameters describing papilla and the influence of a wide papilla basis for the vertical papillary dimension; 2) the correlation between different non-invasive measurements of gingival thickness; 3) comparison among both sexes.MethodsTogether, 54 periodontally healthy students (20–30 years old) were included in the study. Gingival thickness was measured using Pirop Ultrasonic Biometer. Phenotype was also assessed by gingival probe transparency. Papilla parameters - height and width of the interdental papilla were measured, and the degree of papilla recession was classified.ResultsNo significant correlation between papilla height, width, or papilla fill and gingival probe transparency or gingival thickness was found. Both methods of assessments of gingival phenotype showed a significant relationship. There was a significant correlation of papilla height and papilla fill. Papillae, which filled the interdental space completely, seem to be shorter. A strong positive association between papilla height and papilla width was revealed. Papillae were significantly higher in males.ConclusionThe appearance of interdental papillae could be influenced by various factors. Within the limitations of this study, results showed no significant correlation between the morphology of interdental papillae and soft tissue thickness. It seems that there is an influence of a wide papilla basis for its vertical dimension.

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Measurements of buccal gingival and alveolar crest thicknesses of premolars using a noninvasive method

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu-2525 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 409

Author(s):

Meng Sun ◽

Wei Yao ◽

Yong Qiang Deng ◽

Jun Cao ◽

He Meng

Keyword(s):

Reliable Method ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Periodontal Tissue ◽

Noninvasive Method ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Alveolar Crest ◽

Maxillary Premolars ◽

Reproducible Method ◽

Human Participants ◽

The Relationship

Aims: Knowledge of gingival thickness (GT) and alveolar crest thickness (ACT) is essential for performing various surgical and non-surgical procedures in oral healthcare. However, a noninvasive, no-radiation and reproducible method for measuring GT and ACT is not yet determined. This study aimed to measure the buccal GT and ACT of premolars using 15-MHz B-mode ultrasonography (US) and to explore the relationship between GT and ACT.Material and methods: The GT in four swine mandibles was measured using15-MHz B-mode US and using K-file needles to gauge the accuracy of US. B-mode US at 15 MHz was also used to measure periodontal tissue structures including buccal GT3 (3 mm apical to the gingival margin) and ACT in 400 premolars of 50 human participants with healthy periodontium.Results: There was a strong positive correlation between US and invasive K-file needle measurements of GT in swine mandibles (p<0.05). The correlation between buccal GT3 and ACT of premolars was moderately positive (p<0.05). The gingiva of the maxillary premolars and ACT of the maxillary first premolars were thicker in men than in women (p<0.05).Conclusions: B-mode US at 15 MHz is a valid and reliable method for measuring GT and ACT and for evaluating their relationship.

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Tachycardia as a potential risk indicator for coronary arterial lesions in Kawasaki disease

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s004310051050 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 158 (3) ◽

pp. 207-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Y. Suzuki ◽

M. Iijima ◽

H. Sasaki ◽

T. Muto ◽

H. Tanaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kawasaki Disease ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Arterial Lesions ◽

Coronary Arterial Lesions

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New Classification of Crown Forms and Gingival Characteristics in Taiwanese

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210600802010114 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 114-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yu-Hsiang Chou ◽

Chi-Cheng Tsai ◽

Jen-Chyan Wang ◽

Ya-Ping Ho ◽

Kun-Yen Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Anterior Tooth ◽

New Classification ◽

Gingival Thickness ◽

Crown Width ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Compound C ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Interdental Papilla

Objectives: The aim of the investigation was to examine the forms of the crowns in the maxillary anterior tooth segment and corresponding gingival characteristics among healthy Taiwanese subjects. Materials and Methods: The crown width at the apical third (CW), length (CL), gingival angle (GA) and the interdental papilla height were assessed from the diagnostic stone model using a calibrated periodontal caliper. A CW/CL-ratio was calculated for each tooth and averaged for each tooth region. Gingival thickness (GT) and width of keratinized gingiva (WG) were measured clinically. Results: The cluster analysis revealed 3 classifications of crown forms: narrow (N), compound (C) and square (S) types. There was a significant difference among the 3 classifications with respect to CW/CL-ratio, GT, and WG (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The results demonstrated varied crown forms and corresponding gingival characteristics in Caucasian and Taiwanese. The new classifications hinted that there was a polymorphism in different races and could be a valuable esthetic guideline and reference for anterior tooth rehabilitation, including various periodontal and restorative treatments and anterior implant placement procedures in Taiwanese.

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Association of ALDH2 Genotypes and Alcohol Consumption with Periodontitis

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/154405910408300215 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 161-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

N. Nishida ◽

M. Tanaka ◽

N. Hayashi ◽

H. Nagata ◽

T. Takeshita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Periodontal Status ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

There is little information regarding the association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis risk. We assessed whether alcohol consumption and ALDH2 genotypes were associated with periodontitis. Subjects’ lifestyle was examined by a self-administered questionnaire, and the percentage of pocket depths ≥ 3.5 mm was used as a periodontal parameter. ALDH2 genotypes were determined with the use of a PCR/RFLP method. Multiple logistic analyses showed that alcohol consumption was significantly associated with periodontitis, and its odds ratio was 1.98. There was no significant relationship between periodontal status and ALDH2 genotypes. However, ALDH2*1/*2 subjects who consumed ≥ 33 g/day of alcohol had a significantly greater percentage of pocket depths ≥ 3.5 mm than those whose daily consumption was lower, while there was no significant difference in periodontal status associated with alcohol consumption in ALDH2*1/*1 subjects. Our results suggest that alcohol consumption may be a risk indicator for periodontitis in ALDH2*1/*2 subjects who consume larger amounts of alcohol.

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The Comorbid Relationship Between Migraine and Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2020.609528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Long Wang ◽

Zi-Ru Deng ◽

Mei-Dan Zu ◽

Juan Zhang ◽

Yu Wang

Keyword(s):

Cohort Studies ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale

Objective: Recent studies have indicated a pathophysiologic link between migraine and asthma. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively estimate the risk ratio for migraine in asthma as well as that of asthma in migraine based on available evidence.Method: We systematically searched the electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS for population-based studies that measured either the odds or the risk of asthma in subjects with migraine as well as that of migraine in subjects with asthma. The titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers to identify eligible studies, and this was followed by full-text review of the included studies. Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the risk of bias of included literature. A meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3 Software to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for case-control and cross-sectional studies and either relative ratio (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) for cohort studies, and the source of heterogeneity was assessed. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the I2 test were used to assess the source of heterogeneity. The funnel plot, Galbraith plot, and Egger's test were used to evaluate publication bias.Results: Fifteen published studies covering a total of 1,188,780 individuals were identified. Pooled analysis indicated that migraine was associated with increased odds (OR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.34~1.77) and risk for asthma (HR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.26~1.60), and asthma associated with increased odds (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.22~1.72) and risk for migraine (HR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.41~1.52).Conclusion: Migraine is a potential risk indicator for asthma, and vice versa, asthma is a potential risk indicator for migraine. However, future prospective cohort studies are warranted to provide more evidence concerning the detailed association between migraine and asthma.

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Prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implantitis after 8 to 10 years of function

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/1807-2577.01521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

Author(s):

Cláudio MARCANTONIO ◽

Lélis Gustavo NÍCOLI ◽

Carolina Mendonça de Almeida MALZONI ◽

Cristiano SUSIN ◽

Elcio MARCANTONIO JUNIOR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potential Risk ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Risk Indicators ◽

Risk Indicator ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Techniques ◽

Target Treatment

Abstract Introduction The investigation of peri-implant diseases risk indicators helps to prevent and target treatment techniques. Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the occurrence of peri-implantitis and its potential risk indicator factors, besides to assess the long-term success and survival rates of dental implants after 8 to 10 years of function. Material and method For this, fifty individuals who had received their implant-supported rehabilitation between 2003 and 2005 were included. Data regarding demographics, medical and dental history were collected and a complete clinical examination was performed. Multivariate analysis was used to identify potential risk indicator factors related to the occurrence of peri-implantitis. Overall, 211 implants had been placed; 197 were in function, 9 were still submerged, and 5 had been lost. Result Success and survival rates were 81.5% and 97.6%, respectively. Peri-implant mucositis affected 77.1% of subjects and 52.3% of implants. Peri-implantitis was diagnosed in 14 individuals (29.2%) and 25 implants (12.7%). Subjects with osteoporosis (OR = 2.84) and generalized bleeding on probing (OR = 8.03) were significantly associated with higher odds of peri-implantitis. At the implant level, visible plaque (OR = 4.45) and deep probing depths (OR = 4.47) were significantly associated with peri-implantitis. Conclusion Through these results, our study suggests that osteoporosis and generalized periodontal/peri-implant mucosa inflammation increase the likelihood of peri-implantitis.

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