Antiplasmodial activity of Ethanolic extract of Cassia spectabilis DC leaf and its inhibition effect in Heme detoxification

Abstract Background In previous studies, Cassia spectabilis DC leaf has shown a good antiplasmodial activity. Therefore, this study is a follow-up study of the extract of leaf of C. spectabilis DC on its in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and mechanism as an antimalarial. Methods The extract was fractionated, sub-fractionated and isolated to obtain the purified compound. In vitro antiplasmodial activity test against Plasmodium falciparum to find out the active compound. In vivo test against P. berghei ANKA-infected mice was conducted to determine prophylactic activity and antiplasmodial activity either alone or in combination with artesunate. The inhibition of heme detoxification test as one of the antimalarial mechanisms was carried out using the Basilico method. Results The results showed that active antimalarial compound isolated from C. spectabilis DC leaf had a structural pattern that was identical to (−)-7-hydroxycassine. Prophylactic test of 90% ethanolic extract of C. spectabilis DC leaf alone against P. berghei ANKA-infected mice obtained the highest percentage inhibition was 68.61%, while positive control (doxycycline 13 mg/kg) was 73.54%. In combination with artesunate, 150 mg/kg three times a day of C. spectabilis DC (D0-D2) + artesunate (D2) was better than the standard combination of amodiaquine + artesunate where the inhibition percentages were 99.18 and 92.88%, respectively. The IC50 of the extract for the inhibitory activity of heme detoxification was 0.375 mg/ml which was better than chloroquine diphosphate (0.682 mg/ml). Conclusion C. spectabilis DC leaf possessed potent antiplasmodial activity and may offer a potential agent for effective and affordable antimalarial phytomedicine.

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Antimalaria Activity of Cassia spectabilis DC Leaf and Its Inhibition Effect in Heme Detoxification

10.21203/rs.2.22061/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wiwied - Ekasari ◽

Dewi Resty Basuki ◽

Heny - Arwati ◽

Tutik Sri Wahy

Keyword(s):

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Cassia Spectabilis ◽

In Vivo Testing ◽

Chloroquine Diphosphate ◽

Better Than

Abstract Background In previous studies, Cassia spectabilis DC leaf has shown a good antimalarial activity. Therefore, this study is a follow-up study of leaf activity and mechanism of C. spectabilis DC as an antimalarial. Methods In vitro antimalarial activity testing using P. falciparum which was done with bioassay guide isolation in order to obtain the active compound. In vivo testing towards infected P. berghei mice was conducted to determine the effects of antimalarial prophylaxis and antimalarial activity in combination with artesunate. Whereas, heme detoxification inhibition testing as one of the antimalarial mechanisms was carried out using the Basilico method. Results The results showed that active antimalarial isolate obtained from C. spectabilis DC leaf had a structural pattern that was identical to (-)-7-hydroxyspectaline. Prophylactic test on infected P. berghei mice obtained the highest dose of inhibition percentage of 90% ethanol extract of C. spectabilis DC leaf was 68.61% while positive (doxycycline) control at 100 mg kg-1 was 73.54%. In antimalarial testing in combination with artesunate, it was found that administering 150 mg kg-1 (three times a day) of C. spectabilis DC (D0 − D2) + artesunate (D2) was better than the standard combination of amodiaquine + artesunate with 99.18% and 92.88% inhibition percentage. For the inhibitory activity of heme detoxification from ethanol extract 90%, C. spectabilis DC leaf had IC50 value of 0.375 mg mL-1 which was better than chloroquine diphosphate. Conclusion These results showed that C. spectabilis DC leaves possesses potent antimalarial activity and may offer a potential agent for effective and affordable antimalarial phytomedicine.

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Aktivitas Penghambatan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cassia Spectabilis Terhadap Pertumbuhan Plasmodium falciparum dan Plasmodium berghei

JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA ◽

10.20473/jfiki.v3i1.4088 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wiwied Ekasari ◽

Nindya Tresiana ◽

Suciati Iryani ◽

Tutik Sri Wahyuni ◽

Heny Arwaty

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

In Vivo Test ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Cassia Spectabilis

Background: Antimalarial screening against nine species of the genus Cassia showed that the methanol extract of leaves Cassia spectabilis have the highest activity. Since it will be used as a traditional medicine, hence it is needed further studies of antimalarial activity of these plants by choosing a safer solvent, namely ethanol. Objective: In vitro anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum was conducted using the method of Trager and Jensen. Methods: The serial solution tested were: 100, 10, 1, 0.1 and 0.01 µg/ mL, while the in vivo test was performed based on Peter’s test (The days suppressive test) that using P. berghei (strain ANKA) infected mice. Results: The results showed that ethanolic extract of C. spectabilis leaves has inhibitory activity against P. falciparum with IC50 value of 12.52 µg/ mL and against P. berghei with ED50 value of 131.5 mg/kg body weight. Conclusions: A further study to see the potential of ethanol extract from C. Spectabilis leaves as anti-malaria is warranted.

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Aktivitas Penghambatan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cassia Spectabilis Terhadap Pertumbuhan Plasmodium falciparum dan Plasmodium berghei

JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA ◽

10.20473/jfiki.v3i12016.17-21 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Wiwied Ekasari ◽

Nindya Tresiana ◽

Suciati Iryani ◽

Tutik Sri Wahyuni ◽

Heny Arwaty

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

In Vivo Test ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Cassia Spectabilis

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Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties of Seeds of Cucurbitaceae Family from Western Nepal

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences ◽

10.37107/jhas.118 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Atisammodavardhana Kaundinnyayana ◽

Anita G.C ◽

Asmita Banstola ◽

Kishwor Poudel ◽

Nirmal Acharya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Lagenaria Siceraria ◽

Benincasa Hispida ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine and metabolic disorder characterized by the defect in insulin secretion or insulin action or both. The association between diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress is well established. Cucurbitaceae is the largest family containing 120 genera mostly grown for its sweet and juicy fruit in warm climates all over the world. In the present work ethanolic extracts of the seeds of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn (Chichinno), Lagenaria siceraria (Lauka), Cucurbita pepo (Pharsi), Luffa aegiptiaca (Ghiraula), and Benincasa hispida (Kubindo) collected from Western Nepal has been evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hypoglycemic effects. Methods: In vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by using DPPH free radical scavenging activities and their IC50 values were calculated. In vivo hypoglycemic effect was examined on normoglycemic rats. The clinical significance of ethanolic extract at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight was investigated in 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes of oral administration. Metformin treated group was used as the positive control. Results: For DPPH radical scavenging action, the IC50 values of Trichosanthes cucumerina, Luffa aegiptiaca, Benincasa hispida, Cucurbita pepo, Lagenaria siceraria were found to be 60.72, 127.73, 49.63, 98.16 and 52.46 µg/ml respectively which were compared to the IC50 value of ascorbic acid (Positive control) which was found to be 38.11 µg/ml. The extracts of Benincasa hispida, and were having higher antioxidant activity and tested for in vivo hypoglycemic activity.In vivo administration of two doses of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria reduced the level of blood glucose while the best result was obtained at 250 mg/kg. Conclusions: Present study revealed promising antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity of ethanolic extract of Lagenaria siceraria. The further exploration of Lagenaria siceraria for its effective use in the traditional medicinal system is essential.

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Crude Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides and Its Fractions: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity

Nigerian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.48198/njpas/21.b03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4153-4163

Author(s):

Sulaiman S. Rukayyah ◽

Jigam, Audu Ali ◽

Abubakar Abdulkadir ◽

Salau, Rasaq Bolakale

Keyword(s):

Crude Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Positive Control ◽

Antiplasmodial Activity ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides ◽

Stem Bark Extract

Malaria is a global problem, as treatment failure has hampered the efficacy of most anti-malarial medications. The goal of this study was to see if stem bark extract from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides had antiplasmodial properties that could be used to treat both susceptible and resistant parasites. The stem bark of Z. zanthoxyloides (500g) was crushed and extracted with ethanol. The extract was tested for antiplasmodial activity in vitro against the chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) strain NF54 and chloroquine-resistant strains (CQR) K1 of P. falciparum, as well as in vivo against the CQS(NK65) strain of P. berghei at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract was performed. The crude extract had an in vitro activity of 1076.4 56.4 and 1315.1 121.6 ng/ml against chloroquine sensitive and resistant parasites, respectively while standard drugs (chloroquine and artesunate) were 10.94 nM (3478.92 ng/ml) and 9.24 nM (3215.52ng/ml) for CQS and 310.68 nM (98796 ng/ml) and 10.94 nM (3650.52 ng/ml) for CQR respectively. At Day 7, mice treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw crude extract had parasite densities of 1159, 928, and 869 parasites/ µl, respectively (compared to positive control that had 123 parasites /µl). In vitro antiplasmodial activity was best in the K2, K4, and K6 fractions (IC50 were 6670, 6890, and 6480 ng/ml), but in vivo antiplasmodial activity was best in the K4 fraction (1183 parasites/ µl).The stem bark extract of Z. zanthoxyloides have remarkable antiplasmodial activity against both chloroquine sensitive and drug resistant P. falciparum supporting it ethnomedicinal use in malaria treatment.The extract of Z. zanthoxyloides has promising antiplasmodial activity and could be used to generate therapeutic leads against the multidrug-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum, in addition to providing an alternative allopathic antiplasmodial medication.

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Ascertainment of In vivo Antidiarrheal and In vitro Thrombolytic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Amomum dealbatum

Journal of Applied Life Sciences International ◽

10.9734/jalsi/2019/v21i130093 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Azimul Islam ◽

Mohammed Aktar Sayeed ◽

Md. Abdul Barek ◽

Enama Nabi Shetu ◽

Md. Nurul Faisal

Keyword(s):

Castor Oil ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Clot Lysis ◽

Thrombolytic Activity ◽

Thrombolytic Effect

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate antidiarrheal and thrombolytic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of A. dealbatum in mice. Study design: Antidiarrheal effect was evaluated by castor oil-induced diarrhea method at two different concentrations in mice and in vitro thrombolytic activity was analyzed with clot lysis assay of human blood. Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Kumira, Chittagong-4318, Bangladesh, between December 2018 and February 2019. Methodology: The male Swiss mice’s were divided into four groups (n = 5). First group was orally treated with 1% Tween-80 (10 ml/kg) and second group was orally treated with loperamide (5 mg/kg). Third and fourth group were orally treated with ethanolic extract of leaves of A. dealbatum at 200 and 400 mg/kg accordingly. Human RBCs were collected for conducting thrombolytic assay. During this study, 1.5 ml of venous blood was drawn from healthy volunteers (n = 10) and Streptokinase was employed as positive control and distilled water was employed as negative control. Results: In castor oil induced diarrhea model, ethanolic extract of leaves of A. dealbatum at 200, 400 mg/kg and loperamide (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of feces and increase percent of inhibition of defecations compared to negative control. The extract showed percent of inhibition of defecation of 16.67 and 37.50 for 200 and 400 mg/ml respectively where the positive control loperamide showed 66.67%. Percentage of clot disruptions were 4.51 (p<.001), 75.69 (p<.001) and 26.07 (p<.001) for water, streptokinase and 10 mg/ml extract respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results from in vivo and in vitro activities, the leaves of A. dealbatum were found to be a potential source of new antidiarrheal and thrombolytic agents.

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Aktivitas antibakteri salep ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau (Piper betleL.) Terhadap infeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi ◽

10.26874/kjif.v5i2.129 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Rissa Laila Vifta ◽

Muhammad Andri Wansyah ◽

Anita Kumala Hati

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Piper Betle ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

In Vivo Test ◽

Betel Leaf

Abstrak Sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) adalah tanaman yang mudah dijumpai di Indonesia. Secara empiris, sirih hijau digunakan sebagai antibakteri pada luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas salep ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau sebagai antibakteri. Pengujian efek antibakteri dilakukan secara in vitro dan in vivo. Ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau dibuat dengan cara maserasi. Pengujian secara in vitro dilakukan menggunakan metode mikrodilusi terhadap Staphylococcus aureus untuk mengetahui nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum ekstrak daun sirih hijau pada konsentrasi 3, 4, dan 5%. Kemudian ekstrak dibuat salep dan diuji secara in vivo menggunakan hewan uji tikus yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok ekstrak (konsentrasi 3,4, dan 5%), serata pembanding kontrol positif gentamisin 0,1%. Hasil uji dianalisis menggunakan Sapiro-Wilk dan dilanjutkan dengan uji ANAVA serta uji LSD untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil kelima kelompok perlakuan. Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi hambat minimum ekstrak daun sirih yang optimal adalah 5%. Hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan lama kesembuhan luka meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hijau. Hasil uji normalitas, Anava, dan uji LSD pada uji in vivo memberikan hasil yang sejalan. Konsentrasi 4 dan 5% merupakan konsentrasi efektif dengan aktivitas waktu kesembuhan luka tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kontrol positif (gentamisin 0,1%) dengan rerata waktu berturut-turut 6,20±0,80 dan 6,00±0,71 hari. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil uji antibakteri pada salep sejalan dengan uji secara in-vitro ekstrak daun Sirih Hijau yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri.Kata kunci: Daun sirih hijau, Antibakteri, Salep, Luka Antibacterial activity from ointment contains extract of green betle leaves (Piper betle l.) to Staphylococcus aureus bacterial infection Abstract Green betel (Piper betle L.) is a plant that is easy to find in Indonesia. Empirically, green betel is used as an antibacterial to the wound. This study aims to determine the activity of ointment of ethanol extract of green betel leaves as antibacterial. Tests of antibacterial effects were performed in vitro and in vivo. Ethanol extract of green betel leaf is made by maceration. In vitro testing was done using micro dilution method to Staphylococcus aureus to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of green leaf extract at concentrations of 3, 4, and 5%. Then the extract was made ointment and tested in vivo using rat consisting of the negative control group, the extract group (concentrations 3,4, and 5%), the positive control of gentamicin 0.1%. The test results were analyzed using Sapiro-Wilk and continued with ANAVA test and LSD test to find out the comparison of the results of the five treatment groups. The results of in vitro test showed that the minimum inhibit concentration of green betel leaf extract was 5%. The results of in vivo test showed the duration of wound healing increased with increasing concentration of green betel leaf extract. The result of normality test, Anava, and LSD test on in vivo test give the same result. Concentrations of 4 and 5% were effective concentrations with wound healing time activity were not significantly different with positive control (gentamicin 0.1%) with mean time of 6.20 ± 0.80 and 6.00 ± 0.71 days respectively. It can be concluded that the antibacterial test results in ointment are in line with in vitro test of leaf green betel extract which has potential as antibacterial.Key words: Green betel, Antibacterial, Ointment, Wound

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Aktivitas antibakteri salep ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau (Piper betleL.) Terhadap infeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi ◽

10.26874/kjif.v5i2.117 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Rissa Laila Vifta ◽

Muhammad Andri Wansyah ◽

Anita Kumala Hati

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Piper Betle ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

In Vivo Test ◽

Betel Leaf

Abstrak Sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) adalah tanaman yang mudah dijumpai di Indonesia. Secara empiris, sirih hijau digunakan sebagai antibakteri pada luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas salep ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau sebagai antibakteri. Pengujian efek antibakteri dilakukan secara in vitro dan in vivo. Ekstrak etanol daun sirih hijau dibuat dengan cara maserasi. Pengujian secara in vitro dilakukan menggunakan metode mikrodilusi terhadap Staphylococcus aureus untuk mengetahui nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum ekstrak daun sirih hijau pada konsentrasi 3, 4, dan 5%. Kemudian ekstrak dibuat salep dan diuji secara in vivo menggunakan hewan uji tikus yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok ekstrak (konsentrasi 3,4, dan 5%), serata pembanding kontrol positif gentamisin 0,1%. Hasil uji dianalisis menggunakan Sapiro-Wilk dan dilanjutkan dengan uji ANAVA serta uji LSD untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil kelima kelompok perlakuan. Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi hambat minimum ekstrak daun sirih yang optimal adalah 5%. Hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan lama kesembuhan luka meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hijau. Hasil uji normalitas, Anava, dan uji LSD pada uji in vivo memberikan hasil yang sejalan. Konsentrasi 4 dan 5% merupakan konsentrasi efektif dengan aktivitas waktu kesembuhan luka tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kontrol positif (gentamisin 0,1%) dengan rerata waktu berturut-turut 6,20±0,80 dan 6,00±0,71 hari. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil uji antibakteri pada salep sejalan dengan uji secara in-vitro ekstrak daun Sirih Hijau yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri.Kata kunci: Daun sirih hijau, Antibakteri, Salep, Luka Antibacterial activity from ointment contains extract of green betle leaves (Piper betle l.) to Staphylococcus aureus bacterial infection Abstract Green betel (Piper betle L.) is a plant that is easy to find in Indonesia. Empirically, green betel is used as an antibacterial to the wound. This study aims to determine the activity of ointment of ethanol extract of green betel leaves as antibacterial. Tests of antibacterial effects were performed in vitro and in vivo. Ethanol extract of green betel leaf is made by maceration. In vitro testing was done using micro dilution method to Staphylococcus aureus to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of green leaf extract at concentrations of 3, 4, and 5%. Then the extract was made ointment and tested in vivo using rat consisting of the negative control group, the extract group (concentrations 3,4, and 5%), the positive control of gentamicin 0.1%. The test results were analyzed using Sapiro-Wilk and continued with ANAVA test and LSD test to find out the comparison of the results of the five treatment groups. The results of in vitro test showed that the minimum inhibit concentration of green betel leaf extract was 5%. The results of in vivo test showed the duration of wound healing increased with increasing concentration of green betel leaf extract. The result of normality test, Anava, and LSD test on in vivo test give the same result. Concentrations of 4 and 5% were effective concentrations with wound healing time activity were not significantly different with positive control (gentamicin 0.1%) with mean time of 6.20 ± 0.80 and 6.00 ± 0.71 days respectively. It can be concluded that the antibacterial test results in ointment are in line with in vitro test of leaf green betel extract which has potential as antibacterial.Key words: Green betel, Antibacterial, Ointment, Wound

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THE EFFECT OF MALACCA LEAVES (Phyllantus emblica) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT ON Plasmodium falciparum GROWTH IN VITRO

Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v12i4.10215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nuzul Asmilia ◽

T Armansyah TR ◽

Dwinna Aliza ◽

Juli Melia ◽

Erdiansyah Rahmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Antiplasmodial Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Ic50 Value

The aim of this research was to find out in vitro antiplasmodium activity of Malacca leaves (Phyllantus emblica) ethanolic extract against Plasmodium falciparum growth. In this study, Plasmodium culture contained 5% parasitemia in ring stage was cultured using candle jar method and antiplasmodial activity test was carried out using microculture. The treatments were divided into 7 groups with four repetitions. K1 as negative control group was given Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI), while K2 as positive control group was given artesdiaquine. Groups K3, K4, K5, K6, and K7 group was added with 100 µg/mL, 75 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, and 5 µg/mL of Malacca leaves ethanolic extract, respectively. Antiplasmodial activity was determined by inhibition concentration of 50% parasite growth (IC50). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and followed by Duncan test. The average of parasitemia level in group K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, and K7 were 55.25±15.62, 8.50±2.52, 8.50±3.00, 9.25±0.95, 9.00±2.70, 9.79±2.06, and 10.75±2.22, respectively. The average of inhibition percentage in group K1, K2; K3; K4; K5; K6; and K7 were 0.00±0.00%, 84.62±4.55%; 84.62±5.43%; 83.26±1.73%; 83.71±4,90%; 82.35±3,73%; and 80.54±6.83%, respectively (P0.01). The results showed that the administration of malacca leaves ethanolic extract significantly affect (P0.01) the inhibition of Plasmodium growth as compared to group K1 (negative control). Probit analysis reveals the IC50 value was 3.889 µg/mL. In conclusion, all doses of malacca leaves ethanolic extract used in this study was able to inhibit Plasmodium falciparum growth with IC50 value was 3.889 µg/mL.

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Chenopodium ambrosioides L. essential oil and ethanol extract on control of canine Ancylostoma spp.

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p1947 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 1947 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jessica Nascimento Moraes Monteiro ◽

Anderson Barros Archanjo ◽

Gabriela Porfirio Passos ◽

Adilson Vidal Costa ◽

Lenir Cardoso Porfirio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Active Principle ◽

Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽

In Vivo Test ◽

Vitro Effect

The use of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. has shown to be promising in the management of gastrointestinal nematodes. The objective of this study was to quantitate the yield and characterize the chemical composition of the essential oil of C. ambrosioides, as well as to evaluate the in vitro effect of the ethanolic extract and the essential oil in L3 of Ancylostoma spp. and the in vivo effect(s) of the essential oil in dogs. The effects of the ethanol extract and essential oil on Ancylostoma spp. were evaluated in vitro by exposing larvae to the extract at concentrations ranging from 0.005 g mL-1 to 0.2 g mL-1 and to essential oil at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 ?L mL-1. For the in vivo test, 26 healthy dogs, naturally infected by Ancylostoma spp., were divided into three groups: F1 - cookies were administered without active principle; F2 - herbal cookies containing 37.5 ?L g-1 essential oil of C. ambrosioides L.; F3 - cookies plus a commercial formulation containing febantel, pyrantel, praziquantel, and ivermectin. Complete blood counts and serum biochemistry for AST, ALT, AF, urea, creatinine, total protein, and albumin were performed. The yield of the essential oil was 0.3% m v-1, and its major components included ?-terpinene (1.24%), p-cymene (4.83%), and ascaridol Z (87%) and E (5.04%) isomers. The concentrations of C. ambrosioides L. ethanol extract used were ineffective against Ancylostoma spp. larvae. The essential oil at a concentration of 150 ?L mL-1 was effective against L3 larvae. In the in vivo study in dogs, the herbal cookies containing C. ambrosioides L essential oil reduced the number of eggs per gram of feces.

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