scholarly journals Doctors’ maintenance of professional competence: a qualitative study informed by the theory of planned behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anél Wiese ◽  
Emer Galvin ◽  
Janet O’Farrell ◽  
Jantze Cotter ◽  
Deirdre Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Meaningful Engagement

Abstract Background Medical regulators worldwide have implemented programmes of maintenance of professional competence (MPC) to ensure that doctors, throughout their careers, are up to date and fit to practice. The introduction of MPC required doctors to adopt a range of new behaviours. Despite high enrolment rates on these programmes, it remains uncertain whether doctors engage in the process because they perceive benefits like improvements in their practice and professional development or if they solely meet the requirements to retain medical registration. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between doctors’ beliefs, intention and behaviour regarding MPC through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to make explicit the factors that drive meaningful engagement with the process. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. From a pool of 1258 potential participants, we purposively selected doctors from multiple specialities, age groups, and locations across Ireland. We used thematic analysis, and the TPB informed the analytic coding process. Results Forty-one doctors participated in the study. The data analysis revealed doctors’ intention and behaviour and the factors that shape their engagement with MPC. We found that attitudes and beliefs about the benefits and impact of MPC mediated the nature of doctors’ engagement with the process. Some participants perceived positive changes in practice and other gains from participating in MPC, which facilitated committed engagement with the process. Others believed MPC was unfair, unnecessary, and lacking any benefit, which negatively influenced their intention and behaviour, and that was demonstrated by formalistic engagement with the process. Although participants with positive and negative attitudes shared perceptions about barriers to participation, such perceptions did not over-ride strongly positive beliefs about the benefits of MPC. While the requirements of the regulator strongly motivated doctors to participate in MPC, beliefs about patient expectations appear to have had less impact on intention and behaviour. Conclusions The findings of this study broaden our understanding of the determinants of doctors’ intention and behaviour regarding MPC, which offers a basis for designing targeted interventions. While the barriers to engagement with MPC resonate with previous research findings, our findings challenge critical assumptions about enhancing doctors’ engagement with the process. Overall, our results suggest that focused policy initiatives aimed at strengthening the factors that underpin the intention and behaviour related to committed engagement with MPC are warranted.

scholarly journals Lockdowns, lives and livelihoods: the impact of COVID-19 and public health responses to conflict affected populations - a remote qualitative study in Baidoa and Mogadishu, Somalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorien H. Braam ◽  
Sharath Srinivasan ◽  
Luke Church ◽  
Zakaria Sheikh ◽  
Freya L. Jephcott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Authorities in Somalia responded with drastic measures after the first confirmed COVID-19 case in mid-March 2020, closing borders, schools, limiting travel and prohibiting most group functions. However, the impact of the pandemic in Somalia thereafter remained unclear. This study employs a novel remote qualitative research method in a conflict-affected setting to look at how some of the most at-risk internally displaced and host populations were impacted by COVID-19, what determined their responses, and how this affected their health and socio-economic vulnerability. Methods We conducted a remote qualitative study, using Katikati, a 1-to-1 conversation management and analysis platform using short message service (SMS) developed by Lark Systems with Africa’s Voices Foundation (AVF), for semi-structured interviews over three months with participants in Mogadishu and Baidoa. We recruited a gender balanced cohort across age groups, and used an analytical framework on the social determinants of health for a narrative analysis on major themes discussed, triangulating data with existing peer-reviewed and grey literature. Results The remote research approach demonstrated efficacy in sustaining trusted and meaningful conversations for gathering qualitative data from hard-to-reach conflict-affected communities. The major themes discussed by the 35 participants included health, livelihoods and education. Two participants contracted the disease, while others reported family or community members affected by COVID-19. Almost all participants faced a loss of income and/or education, primarily as a result of the strict public health measures. Some of those who were heavily affected economically but did not directly experienced disease, denied the pandemic. Religion played an important role in participants’ beliefs in protection against and salvation from the disease. As lockdowns were lifted in August 2020, many believed the pandemic to be over. Conclusions While the official COVID-19 burden has remained relatively low in Somalia, the impact to people’s daily lives, income and livelihoods due to public health responses, has been significant. Participants describe those ‘secondary’ outcomes as the main impact of the pandemic, serving as a stark reminder of the need to broaden the public health response beyond disease prevention to include social and economic interventions to decrease people’s vulnerability to future shocks.

scholarly journals Evaluating Reliability of Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire for Withdrawal of Divorce Petition

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Ardian ◽  
Seyed Alireza Afshani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad ◽  
Seyed Saeid Mazloomi Mahmoodabad ◽  
Ali Akbar Vaezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
The Face ◽  
Suitable Framework

BACKGROUND: Given the increased rate of divorce, it is important to analyse the characteristics of divorce applicants. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) can provide a suitable framework to predict, explain, and/or change the behaviours. In Iran, no instrument can be found, based on health education models, to investigate divorce petition filing as a behaviour.AIM: This study was conducted to design a questionnaire on withdrawal of divorce petition based on the TPB and estimate its validity and reliability.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in 27 participants involved in the divorce process using directed content analysis. The face and content validity of 58 items, drawn from the qualitative study, were evaluated by 10 experts. The reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The SPSS version 16 was used to analyse data.RESULTS: Estimates of the face and content validity (quantitative and qualitative), revealed that of the 58 items, 48 were valid based on four of the constructs of the TPB. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was also derived greater than 0.6.CONCLUSION: The designed questionnaire, whose validity and reliability was confirmed in this study, can be used in similar studies. However, the social and cultural differences and their related effects should be considered.

scholarly journals Stratification of Happiness in Urban Areas in Mexico: A Qualitative Examination by Level of Marginalization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar A. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Javier Reyes ◽  
Eder Noda
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Research Findings

Although Mexico presents high levels of poverty and marginalization, it is the second happiest nation in Latin America. This raises several questions about what factors are associated with happiness at each level of marginalization and how these factors vary according to marginalization levels. We conducted a qualitative study in urban municipalities in four Mexican states, using 184 semi-structured interviews and employing a thematic analysis approach. Results suggest that happiness is a multifactorial phenomenon. Factors such as the family, health, religion, friendships, economic conditions, and fulfillment of basic needs contribute to happiness, but each of these aspects has different importance and meaning based on the level of marginalization. Evidence also shows that unhappiness is more homogeneous, regardless of the level of marginalization; thus, we can find people in both low marginalized and high-marginalized contexts that are unhappy. The research findings are relevant for the design of public policies, because they show various unsatisfied needs by level of marginalization and how not having them may affect happiness in each social stratum.

scholarly journals Key Beliefs for Targeted Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Children: Analyzing Data from an Extended Version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bélanger-Gravel ◽  
G. Godin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Effective Interventions

Given the high prevalence of overweight and low levels of physical activity among children, a better understanding of physical activity behaviour is an important step in intervention planning. This study, based on the theory of planned behaviour, was conducted among 313 fifth graders and their parents. Children completed a computer-based questionnaire to evaluate theoretical constructs and behaviour. Additional information was obtained from parents by means of a questionnaire. Correlates of children's physical activity were intention and self-identity. Determinants of intention were self-efficacy, self-identity, and attitude. Parental variables were mediated through cognitions. Among girls, practicing sedentary activities was an additional negative determinant of intention. Key beliefs of boys and girls were related to time management and difficulties associated with physical activity. For girls, social identification as an active girl was another important belief related to positive intention. This study provides theory-based information for the development of more effective interventions aimed at promoting physical activity among children.

Patient preferences for treatment for angina: An overview of findings from three studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Bowling ◽  
Barnaby Reeves ◽  
Gene Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Preferences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Primary Care Patients

Background: Access to cardiac treatments has been documented to vary with patients’ age. It is unknown whether these variations reflect patients’ treatment preferences. We aimed to investigate patients’ preferences for cardiology treatments and develop a Patients’ Preferences Questionnaire. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with primary care patients with diagnosed angina with postal follow-up. The resulting Patients’ Preferences Questionnaire was tested with newly admitted inpatients with acute coronary syndrome and with patients in primary care. Results: The Patients’ Preferences Questionnaire was psychometrically sound. Analyses of preference subscale scores showed that the most positive preference scores were for medication. Angioplasty scored highest at the negative end of the scale. Detailed analyses showed that older people and women were less likely to prefer coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), reflecting its greater level of invasiveness. Older people (aged over 75 years, compared to people aged under 75 years), but not women, were also more cautious in their strength of preference for angioplasty. More positive attitudes towards CABG surgery, and more negative attitudes towards medication, were associated with greater impact of the condition on life. Conclusions: The research resulted in a psychometrically sound Patients’ Preferences Questionnaire. There was some evidence to support the view that older people's weaker preferences for CABG may contribute slightly to variations in the provision of re-vascularization. There was also variation in preferences within age groups, cautioning against the assumption that all or most older people are more reluctant than younger people to undergo invasive procedures.

The theory of planned behaviour, micro-growers and diversification: an exploratory study

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Duarte Alonso ◽  
Vlad Krajsic
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Farm Diversification ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian State ◽  
Diversification Strategies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to study diversification among Australian olive growers in various regions, as well as perceived opportunities and challenges of olive growing from the perspective of micro olive growers. In doing so, the study considers and adopts the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Design/methodology/approach – Semi-structured interviews with 24 micro olive growers operating in the Australian state of New South Wales were conducted. Findings – The findings partly identify alignment with the TPB. Essentially, attitude or growers’ favourable assessment to diversify appears to determine growers’ intention to implement diversification strategies, including adding value to olive production, and marketing it through tourism. In contrast, subjective norm, which refers to the impact of social influence or pressures, in the case of the present study to growing olives or to diversifying into olive oil production, was to a great extent disconfirmed. Originality/value – Very limited research has investigated the motivations of micro olive growers, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. In particular, the use of the TPB has been adopted to a very limited extent in the context of micro-farm diversification, including among emerging industries such as olive growing in Australia. The study addresses these current research gaps.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on Children’s Digital Media Use and Parents’ Self-interest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Geurts ◽  
Ina M. Koning ◽  
Helen Vossen ◽  
Regina J.J.M. Van den Eijnden
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children's Media ◽  
Targeted Sampling ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Role Of Parents

AbstractThis qualitative study provides insight into the role of parents’ self-interest in digital media use of children in different age groups. We conducted 31 semi-structured interviews with fathers/mothers of children aged 3–16 years who were recruited via targeted sampling. A deductive and inductive content analysis was applied. Results show that parents’ self-interest in letting children use digital media includes being able to do other tasks without being bothered, having some me-time, managing children’s behavior, avoiding discussions, having moments to use digital media themselves and spending quality-time together. In addition, we found that the manner in which parents let children use digital media out of self-interest seems to depend on age. With younger children, parents initiate digital media use or set times at which children are allowed to use digital media. With older children, parents use a passive manner by omitting restrictive responses to their children’s media use. Current findings can be used to inform interventions aimed at reducing children’s screen time.

scholarly journals Participation of Individuals with Disabilities in Political Activities: Voices from Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahraa Jamel Rahahleh ◽  
Mizyed AbdelFattah Hyassat ◽  
AbdelLatif Khalaf Alramamneh ◽  
Obaid Abdalkarim Sabayleh ◽  
Ra’ad AbdEl Kareem Al-Awamleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Integration Data

This qualitative study examines the participation of individuals with disabilities in political activities in Jordan: a topic on which there is little existing literature despite its capacity to promote successful social integration. Data for this study was gathered by conducting sixteen semi-structured interviews with individuals with disabilities and was then examined collectively using thematic analysis, in the context of related literature and medical and social models of disability. The resulting findings revealed that the most prevalent obstacles that people with disabilities encountered regarding participating in political activities were poor communication, their own negative attitudes towards politics and politicians, and inaccessible physical environments.

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