scholarly journals Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders following a cancer diagnosis: a nationwide register-based cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kejia Hu ◽  
Arvid Sjölander ◽  
Donghao Lu ◽  
Adam K. Walker ◽  
Erica K. Sloan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
First Year ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
After Cancer

Abstract Background Cancer patients have a highly increased risk of psychiatric disorders following diagnosis, compared with cancer-free individuals. Inflammation is involved in the development of both cancer and psychiatric disorders. The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the subsequent risk of psychiatric disorders after cancer diagnosis is however unknown. Methods We performed a cohort study of all patients diagnosed with a first primary malignancy between July 2006 and December 2013 in Sweden. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of NSAID use during the year before cancer diagnosis with the risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders during the first year after cancer diagnosis. Results Among 316,904 patients identified, 5613 patients received a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or stress-related disorders during the year after cancer diagnosis. Compared with no use of NSAIDs, the use of aspirin alone was associated with a lower rate of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 0.97), whereas the use of non-aspirin NSAIDs alone was associated with a higher rate (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.32), after adjustment for sociodemographic factors, comorbidity, indications for NSAID use, and cancer characteristics. The association of aspirin with reduced rate of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders was strongest for current use (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.93), low-dose use (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.98), long-term use (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.94), and among patients with cardiovascular disease (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.95) or breast cancer (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.98). Conclusion Pre-diagnostic use of aspirin was associated with a decreased risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders during the first year following cancer diagnosis.

Increased risk for psychiatric disorders immediately before and after cancer diagnosis: A nationwide matched cohort study in Sweden

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Donghao Lu ◽  
Therese M.-L. Andersson ◽  
Katja Fall ◽  
Christina M. Hultman ◽  
Kamila Czene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Matched Cohort ◽  
Matched Cohort Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
After Cancer

Incidence of acute kidney injury in cancer patients: A population-based cohort study in Denmark

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9570-9570
Author(s):  
C. F. Christiansen ◽  
M. B. Johansen ◽  
S. Christensen ◽  
W. Langeberg ◽  
J. P. Fryzek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Year ◽  
Increased Risk

9570 Background: Although cancer patients may be at increased risk for acute kidney injury (AKI), which could then reduce their likelihood of receiving optimal therapeutic management and supportive care, the occurrence of AKI among newly diagnosed cancer patients has not been well-described. Therefore, we examined the incidence of AKI within the first year after cancer diagnosis to estimate the magnitude of this risk and better understand which patients are at greatest risk. Methods: Using the population-based Danish Cancer Registry, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 4,427 men and women from North Jutland, Denmark (population 500,000) diagnosed with cancer from 2002 to 2003 (non-melanoma skin cancer excluded). AKI was defined according to the Risk/ Injury/ Failure/ Loss/ End-stage-renal-disease (RIFLE) criteria. We included Risk or worse: at least a 1.5 times increase in serum creatinine (sCr) from baseline. SCr levels were obtained from the Regional Laboratory Database, which collects all biochemical analyses for hospital laboratories. Baseline sCr was defined as the lowest sCr in the year before cancer diagnosis. We compared this value to the highest sCr on record during the first year following cancer diagnosis to identify those who experienced an AKI. Results: Median age for the cohort was 68.6 years, 50.9% were men, and the most common cancer sites were lung (14.2%), breast (13.7%), prostate (9.8%), colon (9.6%), rectum (5.1%), and bladder (6.3%). During the first year, 973 (22.0%) members of the cohort experienced an AKI, corresponding to an overall incidence rate of 326 per 1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI) 306–347). Incidence was highest among patients aged 80 years or older (531 per 1,000 person-years, 95% CI 464–606) and in those with cancer of the liver (1,221, 95%CI 676–2,205), pancreas (1,472, 95%CI 1,130–1,917), or kidney (1,254, 95%CI 974–1,616), or with multiple myeloma (855, 95%CI 538–1,356). Conclusions: To protect against AKI, we must first identify those at risk. Our study showed that over 20% of cancer patients may experience acute kidney injury in the first year after diagnosis. Older patients and those with cancer of the liver, pancreas, or kidney, or with multiple myeloma are especially at risk for AKI. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Long-Term Use of Acetaminophen, Aspirin, and Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Hematologic Malignancies: Results From the Prospective Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (17) ◽  
pp. 2424-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland B. Walter ◽  
Filippo Milano ◽  
Theodore M. Brasky ◽  
Emily White
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Large Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Purpose Among previous studies examining the associations of over-the-counter analgesics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and incident hematologic malignancies, results were inconsistent for NSAIDs but suggested an increased risk with acetaminophen (paracetamol). Herein, we used a large prospective cohort study to examine these associations. Patients and Methods In total, 64,839 men and women age 50 to 76 years were recruited from 2000 to 2002 to the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) study. Incident hematologic malignancies (n = 577) were identified through December 2008 by linkage to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results cancer registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) associated with use of analgesics for total incident hematologic malignancies and cancer subcategories were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, smoking, self-rated health, arthritis, chronic musculoskeletal pain, migraines, headaches, fatigue, and family history of leukemia/lymphoma. Results After adjustment, there was an increased risk of incident hematologic malignancies associated with high use (≥ 4 days/week for ≥ 4 years) of acetaminophen (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.35 to 2.50 for high use; P trend = .004). This association was seen for myeloid neoplasms (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.12), non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.93), and plasma cell disorders (HR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.08 to 5.41), but not chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL; HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.31 to 2.28). By comparison, there was no association with risk of incident hematologic malignancies for increasing use of aspirin, nonaspirin NSAIDs, or ibuprofen. Conclusion High use of acetaminophen was associated with an almost two-fold increased risk of incident hematologic malignancies other than CLL/SLL. Neither aspirin nor nonaspirin NSAIDs are likely useful for prevention of hematologic malignancies.

scholarly journals Maternal migraine and the risk of psychiatric disorders in offspring: a population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
H. He ◽  
M. Miao ◽  
Y. Yu ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Aims Maternal migraine may contribute to mental heath problems in offspring but empirical evidence has been available only for bipolar disorders. Our objective was to examine the association between maternal migraine and the risk of any and specific psychiatric disorders in offspring. Methods This population-based cohort study used individual-level linked Danish national health registers. Participants were all live-born singletons in Denmark during 1978–2012 (n = 2 069 785). Follow-up began at birth and continued until the onset of a psychiatric disorder, death, emigration or 31 December 2016, whichever came first. Cox proportional hazards model was employed to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of psychiatric disorders. Results Maternal migraine was associated with a 26% increased risk of any psychiatric disorders in offspring [HR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22–1.30]. Increased rates of psychiatric disorders were seen in all age groups from childhood to early adulthood. Increased rates were also observed for most of the specific psychiatric disorders, in particular, mood disorders (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.39–1.67), neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.37–1.52) and specific personality disorders (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.27–1.70), but not for intellectual disability (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71–1.00) or eating disorders (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.93–1.29). The highest risk was seen in the offspring of mothers with migraine and comorbid psychiatric disorders (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.99–2.28). Conclusions Maternal migraine was associated with increased risks of a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders in offspring. Given the high prevalence of migraine, our findings highlight the importance of better management of maternal migraine at childbearing ages for early prevention of psychiatric disorders in offspring.

Abstract 3047: What Are the Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Post-Cardiothoracic Surgery Outcomes?

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T Ruffin ◽  
Jeffrey Kluger ◽  
Stephanie M Wills ◽  
C M White ◽  
Craig I Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Surgery Outcomes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Two previous studies evaluating nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use following cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) demonstrated conflicting evidence regarding their ability to reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). Moreover, neither study examined negative cardiovascular outcomes such as stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). Since a recent study evaluating paracoxib/valdecoxib following CTS demonstrated an increased risk of cardiovascular events, we sought to evaluate whether NSAIDs could reduce the incidence of POAF without increasing patients’ risk of stroke or MI. Methods: Patients (n=555) undergoing CTS from the randomized, controlled Atrial Fibrillation Suppression Trials (AFISTs) I, II and III were evaluated in this nested study. Demographic, surgical and medication use characteristics were prospectively collected as part of the AFIST trials. Endpoints included POAF, stroke, MI and the need for red blood cell transfusion. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: The population was 67.8 ± 8.6 years old, 77.1% male, 14.6% underwent valve surgery, 6.1% had prior AF, 12.6% had heart failure and 84.0% and 44.1% received postoperative beta-blockade and prophylactic amiodarone. In total, 127 (22.9%) patients received a NSAID postoperatively. NSAID use was associated with reductions in the odds of POAF and the need for RBC transfusions. (Table ) No elevation in the odds of developing stroke or MI was observed. Conclusions: NSAIDs decreased the odds of developing POAF and the need for RBC transfusions without significantly increasing MI or stroke. Table. Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Postoperative Outcomes

scholarly journals Rheumatoid arthritis: influence of inflammation and anti-inflammatory therapy on cardiovascular risk factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
D. I. Trukhan ◽  
D. S. Ivanova ◽  
K. D. Belus
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Rheumatoid arthritis is a frequent and one of the most severe immuno-inflammatory diseases in humans, which determines the great medical and socio-economic importance of this pathology. One of the priority problems of modern cardiac rheumatology is an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in rheumatoid arthritis. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, traditional cardiovascular risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (metabolic syndrome, obesity, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, smoking and hypodynamia) and a genetic predisposition are expressed. Their specific features also have a certain effect: the “lipid paradox” and the “obesity paradox”. However, chronic inflammation as a key factor in the development of progression of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction plays a leading role in morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in rheumatoid arthritis. This review discusses the effect of chronic inflammation and its mediators on traditional cardiovascular risk factors and its independent significance in the development of CVD. Drug therapy (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticosteroids, basic anti-inflammatory drugs, genetically engineered biological drugs) of the underlying disease also has a definite effect on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A review of studies on this problem suggests a positive effect of pharmacological intervention in rheumatoid arthritis on cardiovascular risk factors, their reduction to a level comparable to the populations of patients not suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The interaction of rheumatologists, cardiologists and first-contact doctors (therapist and general practitioner) in studying the mechanisms of the development of atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis will allow in real clinical practice to develop adequate methods for the timely diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

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