The effects of basal insulin peglispro vs. insulin glargine on lipoprotein particles by NMR and liver fat content by MRI in patients with diabetes

Abstract Background First-degree relatives of patients with diabetes (FDR) tend to have impaired insulin activity, which lead to the alternation of circulating cytokine levels. Liver is a main target tissue of insulin action; therefore, liver fat content (LFC) has a close relationship with insulin resistance. This study aimed to find the alteration in serum osteocalcin levels in FDR and the relationship of serum osteocalcin levels with FDR and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods In total, 1206 subjects including 413 men and 793 women from the communities, aged 59.7 (range, 54.8–64.3) years, were enrolled. An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was performed to measure the levels of serum osteocalcin. LFC was measured using quantitative ultrasonography. Results A significant decrease was found in serum osteocalcin levels in subjects with NAFLD (P < 0.001) as well as in FDR (19.8 ± 5.7 ng/mL versus 20.7 ± 6.8 ng/mL, P = 0.028). Furthermore, among the subjects with NAFLD, those with FDR had lower levels of osteocalcin than those without FDR (P = 0.011). The presence of FDR remained a predictor for decreased serum osteocalcin levels after adjusting for body mass index, blood glucose, blood lipids, and LFC (standardized β = − 0.057, P = 0.028). Conclusions FDR had lower serum osteocalcin levels than non-FDR. The inverse association between FDR and serum osteocalcin levels was independent of metabolic factors.

Download Full-text

Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT)—Plasma Liver Function Tests Reflect Change in Liver Fat Content in Early Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1834-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1834-P

Author(s):

SVIATLANA V. ZHYZHNEUSKAYA ◽

AHMAD AL-MRABEH ◽

CARL PETERS ◽

ALISON C. BARNES ◽

KIEREN G. HOLLINGSWORTH ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Liver Function ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

Fat Content ◽

Diabetes Remission ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Early Type ◽

Liver Fat Content

Download Full-text

115-LB: Oral Insulin–Induced Reduction in Liver Fat Content in T2DM Patients with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-115-lb ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 115-LB

Author(s):

MIRIAM KIDRON ◽

SHARON PERLES ◽

REEM KALOTI ◽

RAMI GHANTOUS ◽

SUHA F. SANDOUKA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽

Fat Content ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Oral Insulin ◽

Liver Fat Content

Download Full-text

Liver fat content is independently associated with microalbuminuria in a normotensive, euglycaemic Chinese population: a community-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044237 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e044237

Author(s):

Xiaoming Li ◽

Mingfeng Xia ◽

Hui Ma ◽

Yu Hu ◽

Hongmei Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Fat Content ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Community Based ◽

Liver Fat Content ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

ObjectiveNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with microalbuminuria (MA) in patients with diabetes/pre-diabetes. Whether this association is mediated by blood glucose and blood pressure (BP) remains unclear. This study investigated whether liver fat content (LFC) was associated with MA in a normotensive and non-diabetic population.DesignA cross-sectional substudy.SettingsLFC was determined from the hepatic/renal echogenicity ratio at ultrasound. MA was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30–300 µg/mg (early- morning urine sample). Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate LFC as a predictor of MA.ParticipantsBetween May 2010 and June 2011, this cross-sectional, community-based study enrolled residents from Shanghai (China), aged ≥40 years and with normal glucose tolerance and BP.ResultsA total of 550 residents (median age, 57 years; 174 men) were enrolled and stratified according to LFC quartiles. ACR (p<0.001) and MA prevalence (p=0.012) increased across the LFC quartiles. Multivariable logistic regression showed that the OR for MA (per SD increase in LFC) was 1.840 (95% CI 1.173 to 2.887, p=0.008) after adjustment for potential confounders including age, gender, waist-hip ratio, blood urea nitrogen, systolic and diastolic BP, fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate and lipid-lowering drugs. The ROC analysis revealed that the optimal LFC cut-off value for predicting MA was 6.82%.ConclusionLFC is independently associated with MA in normotensive, euglycaemic middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. Screening for MA in people with NAFLD might facilitate early intervention to minimise kidney disease risk.

Download Full-text

A carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet improves HbA1c and liver fat content in weight stable participants with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-019-4956-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 2066-2078 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mads J. Skytte ◽

Amirsalar Samkani ◽

Amy D. Petersen ◽

Mads N. Thomsen ◽

Arne Astrup ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

High Protein Diet ◽

Fat Content ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Liver Fat Content ◽

Randomised Controlled

Download Full-text

Liver steatosis coexists with myocardial insulin resistance and coronary dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00604.2005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 291 (2) ◽

pp. E282-E290 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Riikka Lautamäki ◽

Ronald Borra ◽

Patricia Iozzo ◽

Markku Komu ◽

Terho Lehtimäki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Fat Content ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Liver Fat Content ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Myocardial Insulin Resistance ◽

High Liver

Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a common comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes and links to the risk of coronary syndromes. The aim was to determine the manifestations of metabolic syndrome in different organs in patients with liver steatosis. We studied 55 type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease using positron emission tomography. Myocardial perfusion was measured with [15O]H2O and myocardial and skeletal muscle glucose uptake with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose during hyperinsulinemic euglycemia. Liver fat content was determined by magnetic resonance proton spectroscopy. Patients were divided on the basis of their median (8%) into two groups with low (4.6 ± 2.0%) and high (17.4 ± 8.0%) liver fat content. The groups were well matched for age, BMI, and fasting plasma glucose. In addition to insulin resistance at the whole body level ( P = 0.012) and muscle ( P = 0.002), the high liver fat group had lower insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake ( P = 0.040) and glucose extraction rate ( P = 0.0006) compared with the low liver fat group. In multiple regression analysis, liver fat content was the most significant explanatory variable for myocardial insulin resistance. In addition, the high liver fat group had increased concentrations of high sensitivity C-reactive protein, soluble forms of E-selectin, vascular adhesion protein-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( P < 0.05) and lower coronary flow reserve ( P = 0.02) compared with the low liver fat group. In conclusion, in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease, liver fat content is a novel independent indicator of myocardial insulin resistance and reduced coronary functional capacity. Further studies will reveal the effect of hepatic fat reduction on myocardial metabolism and coronary function.

Download Full-text

Choline requirement of the preruminant lamb during the first two or three weeks of life

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9850829 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 829 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SJ Al-Ali ◽

NM Malouf ◽

DM Walker

Keyword(s):

Choline Chloride ◽

Ammonia Excretion ◽

Fat Content ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Liver Fat Content ◽

Butter Oil ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Gross Energy ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Milk Replacers

Preruminant male crossbred lambs, aged 1-2 days at the start of the experiment, were bottle-fed on milk replacers containing casein as the sole source of protein for an experimental period of 15-21 days. Choline-deficient diets were used in experiment 1 to determine the effect on the performance of the lambs of thc dictary protein concentration (10, 15 and 25% protein energy), and in experiment 2 of different sources of fat (butter oil, maize oil or lard), unsupplemented, or with supplements of choline chloride or L-cystine. Supplements of choline chloride decreased liver fat content and decreased urinary creatine excretion, irrespective of dietary protein concentration or source of dietary fat. Ira general, urinary ammonia excretion increased as the sulfur amino acid content of the diets increased, but there were interactions with the source of fat, so that although sulfur intake remained constant ammonia excretion was higher with diets containing lard than with those containing maize oil or butter oil. The effect of the supplements of 1,-cystine on liver fat content and urinary creatine excretion was not significantly different from that of the unsupplemented choline-deficient diets. In experiments 3 and 4 a choline-deficient diet with 25% protein energy and butter oil as the source of fat was supplemented with graded amounts of choline chloride. Energy intake was ad libitum, or restricted to 80% of ad libitum. When the lambs were fed ad libitum there was a significant decrease in liver fat content even with the smallest supplement of choline chloride (c. 9 mg MJ-1 gross energy), but no significant effect when energy intake was restricted. Since liveweight gains and nitrogen balances were unaffected by the presence or absence of the choline supplements it was concluded that in milk replacers containing 25% protein energy from casein, with butter oil as the source of fat, supplementation with choline chloride to provide 9 mg MJ-1 gross energy (233 mg kg-1 dry matter) would be sufficient to prevent the increased deposition of fat in the liver during the 6rst three weeks of life.

Download Full-text

Overproduction of large VLDL particles is driven by increased liver fat content in man

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-005-0125-z ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 755-765 ◽

Cited By ~ 406

Author(s):

M. Adiels ◽

M.-R. Taskinen ◽

C. Packard ◽

M. J. Caslake ◽

A. Soro-Paavonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fat Content ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Liver Fat Content

Download Full-text

Abstract P062: Ten Weeks of Daily Consumption of Common Fructose Containing Sugars Does Not Increase Liver Fat Content

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.127.suppl_12.ap062 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Bravo ◽

Joshua Lowndes ◽

Zhiping Yu ◽

James Rippe

Keyword(s):

Region Of Interest ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Fat Content ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Hepatic Veins ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Liver Fat Content ◽

Before And After

Purpose: Evaluate the effect of addition of commonly consumed fructose containing sugars to the usual diet on liver fat content. Background: Fructose induced triglyceride synthesis has been argued to be augmented when accompanied by glucose. As the most common sources of fructose, high fructose corn syrup HFCS) and sucrose, also contain glucose such a response would be particularly detrimental to metabolic health due to the known role of excess fat in the liver in the induction of abnormalities in glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance and the subsequent development of type II diabetes. Methods: For ten weeks, sixty-eight individuals (42.16 ± 11.66 years) consumed low-fat milk sweetened with either HFCS or sucrose such that the added sugar matched the 25th, 50th and 90th percentile population consumption levels of fructose. Fat content of the liver was obtained before and after the ten week intervention. Imaging was performed on a Philips 64-slice CT scanner. Region of interest measurements in the four sectors of the liver delineated by the hepatic veins were obtained in all patients, and converted to hepatocellular fat content percentages. Fat content of the liver remained unchanged (13.32 ±10.49 vs 13.32 ± 10.75%, p > 0.05). Group assignment did not affect the result interaction p > 0.05). Conclusions: These data suggest that ectopic fat storage in the liver is not promoted when fructose is consumed as part of a normal diet, even in amounts as high as the 90th percentile consumption level.

Download Full-text