scholarly journals MicroRNA regulation of cancer stem cells in the pathogenesis of breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Niu ◽  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Wei Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Microrna Regulation ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Multiple Characteristics ◽  
Multiple Signaling

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women and accounts for 30% of all female malignancies worldwide. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small population of breast cancer cells that exhibit multiple characteristics including differentiation capacity, self-renewal and therapeutic resistance. Recently, BCSCs have attracted attention due to their modulation of breast tumor behaviors and drug resistance. miRNAs are small noncoding mRNAs involved in virtually all biological processes, including stem cell development, maintenance and differentiation. In breast cancer, miRNAs appear to be multi-faceted since they can act as either suppressors or oncogenes to regulate breast cancer progression. This review summarizes the critical roles of miRNAs in regulating multiple signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, BMI-1 and STAT3 that are important for the BCSC maintenance.

scholarly journals MicroRNA Regulation of Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Shimono ◽  
Junko Mukohyama ◽  
Shun-ichi Nakamura ◽  
Hironobu Minami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Microrna Regulation

scholarly journals The Missing Lnc: The Potential of Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells by Inhibiting Long Non-Coding RNAs

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M Brown ◽  
Marie-Claire D Wasson ◽  
Paola Marcato
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Targeting Therapy ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Treatment decisions for breast cancer are based on staging and hormone receptor expression and include chemotherapies and endocrine therapy. While effective in many cases, some breast cancers are resistant to therapy, metastasize and recur, leading to eventual death. Higher percentages of tumor-initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs) may contribute to the increased aggressiveness, chemoresistance, and worse outcomes among breast cancer. This may be particularly true in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) which have higher percentages of CSCs and are associated with worse outcomes. In recent years, increasing numbers of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as playing an important role in breast cancer progression and some of these have been specifically associated within the CSC populations of breast cancers. LncRNAs are non-protein-coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides which can have critical functions in gene expression regulation. The preclinical evidence regarding lncRNA antagonists for the treatment of cancer is promising and therefore, presents a potential novel approach for treating breast cancer and targeting therapy-resistant CSCs within these tumors. Herein, we summarize the lncRNAs that have been identified as functionally relevant in breast CSCs. Furthermore, our review of the literature and analysis of patient datasets has revealed that many of these breast CSC-associated lncRNAs are also enriched in TNBC. Together, this suggests that these lncRNAs may be playing a particularly important role in TNBC. Thus, certain breast cancer-promoting/CSC-associated lncRNAs could be targeted in the treatment of TNBCs and the CSCs within these tumors should be susceptible to anti-lncRNA therapy.

scholarly journals miR-216a Acts as a Negative Regulator of Breast Cancer by Modulating Stemness Properties and Tumor Microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Roscigno ◽  
Assunta Cirella ◽  
Alessandra Affinito ◽  
Cristina Quintavalle ◽  
Iolanda Scognamiglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Mammosphere Formation ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Cells Of The Microenvironment

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in females in terms of both incidence and mortality. Underlying the high mortality rate is the presence of cancer stem cells, which divide indefinitely and are resistant to conventional chemotherapies, so causing tumor relapse. In the present study, we identify miR-216a-5p as a downregulated microRNA in breast cancer stem cells vs. the differentiated counterpart. We demonstrate that overexpression of miR-216a-5p impairs stemness markers, mammosphere formation, ALDH activity, and the level of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which plays a significant role in breast cancer progression and metastasis by leading to the release of pro-inflammatory molecules, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6). Indeed, miR-216a regulates the crosstalk between cancer cells and the cells of the microenvironment, in particular cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), through regulation of the TLR4/IL6 pathway. Thus, miR-216a has an important role in the regulation of stem phenotype, decreasing stem-like properties and affecting the cross-talk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Targets of miRNA in Hepatic Cancer Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Bimonte ◽  
Maddalena Leongito ◽  
Antonio Barbieri ◽  
Vitale del Vecchio ◽  
Michela Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Hepatic Cancer ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Novel Mirna ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Metastasis Development ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer death in patients. Several studies demonstrated that hepatic cancer stem cells (HCSCs), also called tumor-initiating cells, are involved in regulation of HCC initiation, tumor progression, metastasis development, and drug resistance. Despite the extensive research, the underlying mechanisms by which HCSCs are regulated remain still unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are able to regulate a lot of biological processes such as self-renewal and pluripotency of HCSCs, representing a new promising strategy for treatment of HCC chemotherapy-resistant tumors. In this review, we synthesize the latest findings on therapeutic regulation of HCSCs by miRNAs, in order to highlight the perspective of novel miRNA-based anticancer therapies for HCC treatment.

Role of Aberrant Lipid Metabolism of Cancer Stem Cells in Cancer Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhou ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Chunxia Su
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Cancer Types

: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small population of cancer cells that are able to self-renew and initiate tumors, which undergo epigenetic, epithelial-mesenchymal, immunological, and metabolic reprogramming to adapt to the tumor microenvironment as well as survive host defense or therapeutic insults. The metabolic reprogramming that accompanies cancer onset is known to be critical for the disease pathogenesis. A coordinated dysregulation of lipid metabolism is observed in nearly all cancer types. In addition to fulfilling basic requirements of structural lipids for membrane synthesis, lipids function importantly as signaling molecules and contribute to energy homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current progress in the attractive research field of aberrant lipid metabolism regarding CSCs in cancer progression, which provides insights into therapeutic agents targeting CSCs based upon their modulation of lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells to Overcome Treatment Resistance

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sònia Palomeras ◽  
Santiago Ruiz-Martínez ◽  
Teresa Puig
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Despite advances in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, many patients still fail therapy, resulting in disease progression, recurrence, and reduced overall survival. Historically, much focus has been put on the intrinsic subtyping based in the presence (or absence) of classical immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein (HER2). However, it is widely understood that tumors are composed of heterogeneous populations of cells with a hierarchical organization driven by cancer stem cells (CSCs). In breast tumors, this small population of cells displaying stem cell properties is known as breast CSCs (BCSCs). This rare population exhibit a CD44+/CD24−/low phenotype with high ALDH activity (ALDH+), and possesses higher tolerability to chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radiotherapy and is able to reproduce the bulk of the tumor after reduction of cell populations sensitive to first-line therapy leading to disease relapse. In this review, we present special attention to BCSCs with future directions in the establishment of a therapy targeting this population. Drugs targeting the main BCSCs signaling pathways undergoing clinical trials are also summarized.

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