scholarly journals Development, characteristics and impact of quality improvement casebooks: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie N. Anderson ◽  
Anna R. Gagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Care Specialist ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
The Many

Abstract Background Quality improvement (QI) casebooks, compilations of QI experiences, are one way to share experiential knowledge that healthcare policy-makers, managers and professionals can adapt to their own contexts. However, QI casebook use, characteristics and impact are unknown. We aimed to synthesize published research on QI prevalence, development, characteristics and impact. Methods We conducted a scoping review by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and SCOPUS from inception to 4 February 2021. We extracted data on study characteristics and casebook definitions, development, characteristics (based on the WIDER [Workgroup for Intervention Development and Evaluation Research] framework) and impact. We reported findings using summary statistics, text and tables. Results We screened 2999 unique items and included five articles published in Canada from 2011 to 2020 describing three studies. Casebooks focused on promoting positive weight-related conversations with children and parents, coordinating primary care-specialist cancer management, and showcasing QI strategies for cancer management. All defined casebooks similarly described real-world experiences of developing and implementing QI strategies that others could learn from, emulate or adapt. In all studies, casebook development was a multistep, iterative, interdisciplinary process that engages stakeholders in identifying, creating and reviewing content. While casebooks differed in QI topic, level of application and scope, cases featured common elements: setting or context, QI strategy details, impacts achieved, and additional tips for implementing strategies. Cases were described with a blend of text, graphics and tools. One study evaluated casebook impact, and found that it enhanced self-efficacy and use of techniques to improve clinical care. Although details about casebook development and characteristics were sparse, we created a template of casebook characteristics, which others can use as the basis for developing or evaluating casebooks. Conclusion Future research is needed to optimize methods for developing casebooks and to evaluate their impact. One approach is to assess how the many QI casebooks available online were developed. Casebooks should be evaluated alone or in combination with other interventions that support QI on a range of outcomes.

scholarly journals Scoping review protocol: bladder cancer in Nigeria: what are the gaps in clinical care and research?

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e041894
Author(s):  
Joyce Kibaru ◽  
Pinky Kotecha ◽  
Abdulkarim Muhammad Iya ◽  
Beth Russell ◽  
Muzzammil Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Local Risk

IntroductionBladder cancer (BC) is the 10th common cancer worldwide and ranks seventh in Nigeria. This scoping review aims to identify the gaps in clinical care and research of BC in Nigeria as part of the development of a larger national research programme aiming to improve outcomes and care of BC.Methods and analysisThis review will be conducted according to Arksey and O’Malley scoping review methodology framework. The following electronic databases will be searched: Medline (using the PubMed interface), Ovid Gateway (Embase and Ovid), Cochrane library and Open Grey literature. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts and subsequently screen full-text studies for inclusion, any lack of consensus will be discussed with a third reviewer. Any study providing insight into the epidemiology or treatment pathway of BC (RCTs, observations, case series, policy paper) will be included. A data chart will be used to extract relevant data from the included studies. Results will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. A consultation process will be carried out with a multidisciplinary team of Nigerian healthcare professionals, patients and scientists.Ethics and disseminationThe results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. By highlighting the key gaps in the literature, this review can provide direction for future research and clinical guidelines in Nigeria (and other low-income and middle-income countries), where BC is more prevalent due to local risk factors and healthcare settings.

scholarly journals Interventions Targeting the Wellbeing of Migrant Youths: A Systematic Review of the Literature

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110469
Author(s):  
Marion Heyeres ◽  
Nirukshi Perera ◽  
Hyacinth Udah ◽  
Akpene Attakey ◽  
Mary Whiteside ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Review Process ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Stakeholder Collaboration ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Sports Programs ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Migrant Groups

Migration can affect the physical, mental, emotional, and social wellbeing of individuals and families. This study provides an overview of interventions aimed at improving the wellbeing of young migrants. It identifies knowledge gaps and provides direction for future research. The review process comprises a systematic search of six academic databases, and websites for relevant peer-reviewed and gray literature on the topic. A total of 2,911 records were identified, of which 28 studies met our eligibility criteria for inclusion. Thematic analysis comprised of the description of study characteristics and outcome themes. EPHPP and CASP tools were utilized to assess the methodological quality of studies. The review findings indicate a number of approaches with varying effectivity, however, arts, music, and sports programs showed good results for youth across all migrant groups. Our findings call for further and more high-quality evaluation research, with longitudinal designs that ideally include stakeholder collaboration.

Bladder and bowel preferences of patients at the end of life: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 432-442
Author(s):  
Nicholas Smith ◽  
Saima Rajabali ◽  
Kathleen F Hunter ◽  
Thane Chambers ◽  
Robin Fasinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Patient Preferences ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bowel Symptom ◽  
Outcomes Of Care ◽  
The Many ◽  
Improving Patient Care ◽  
Preferences For Care

Background: Following patient preferences at the end of life should improve outcomes of care, yet patient preferences regarding bladder and bowel care are not often accommodated, as they are not well known in the literature. Aims: This scoping review sought to identify bladder and bowel care preferences of patients at the end of life in published literature. Methods: Papers published in or after 1997 (in English) that focused on adult preferences for bladder and bowel care at the end of life were included. Findings: Scant literature exists on preferences for bladder and bowel care for adult patients at end of life. Further investigation is warranted to arrive at a better understanding of preferences regarding bladder and bowel symptom management. Conclusions: Future research should explore if prioritising the symptoms caused by incontinence, among the many symptoms experienced at the end of life, could be achieved through careful questioning and development of a standardised tool focused on improving patient care and incorporating patient preferences for care.

scholarly journals Thyroid nodules and cancer management guidelines: comparisons and controversies

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. R13-R26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Nabhan ◽  
Matthew D Ringel
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Improved Technology

Thyroid cancer is an increasingly prevalent malignancy throughout the world. Management guidelines for both thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer have been published and updated by a number of societies internationally. All of these guidelines recognize this increasing incidence, particularly of small papillary thyroid cancers, due in part to improved technology enabling early or even ‘over’ diagnosis. Recent advances in molecular imaging and molecular methods have been developed to better characterize thyroid nodules, and a number of studies that have clarified risk stratification systems that can be modified over time allow for individualization of diagnosis, initial treatment, and subsequent follow-up strategies. Advances in surgical approaches and new treatments for patients with the most aggressive forms of thyroid cancer have all influenced management guidelines. Despite substantial similarities, there also are important differences between recent guidelines for some of the common clinical scenarios encountered by physicians in clinical practice. In the present manuscript, we will highlight similarities and differences between several of the most recently published guidelines focused on key areas of importance to clinical care and controversy. These are key areas for future research to strengthen the data to support future guideline recommendations.

scholarly journals Physical health of autistic girls and women: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Kassee ◽  
Stephanie Babinski ◽  
Ami Tint ◽  
Yona Lunsky ◽  
Hilary K. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Abstract Background There is a growing recognition of sex and gender influences in autism. Increasingly, studies include comparisons between sexes or genders, but few have focused on clarifying the characteristics of autistic girls’/women’s physical health. Methods A scoping review was conducted to determine what is currently known about the physical health of autistic girls/women. We screened 1112 unique articles, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. We used a convergent iterative process to synthesize this content into broad thematic areas. Results Autistic girls/women experience more overall physical health challenges compared to non-autistic girls/women and to autistic boys/men. Emerging evidence suggests increased prevalence of epilepsy in autistic girls/women compared to non-autistic girls/women and to autistic boys/men. The literature also suggests increased endocrine and reproductive health conditions in autistic girls/women compared to non-autistic girls/women. Findings regarding gastrointestinal, metabolic, nutritional, and immune-related conditions are preliminary and inconsistent. Limitations The literature has substantial heterogeneity in how physical health conditions were assessed and reported. Further, our explicit focus on physical health may have constrained the ability to examine interactions between mental and physical health. The widely differing research aims and methodologies make it difficult to reach definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, in keeping with the goals of a scoping review, we were able to identify key themes to guide future research. Conclusions The emerging literature suggests that autistic girls/women have heightened rates of physical health challenges compared to non-autistic girls/women and to autistic boys/men. Clinicians should seek to provide holistic care that includes a focus on physical health and develop a women’s health lens when providing clinical care to autistic girls/women.

Future Directions in Evaluation Research: People, Organizational, and Social Issues

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (03) ◽  
pp. 215-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Shaw ◽  
B. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Social Organizational ◽  
The Many ◽  
Evaluation Approaches

Summary Objective: To review evaluation literature concerning people, organizational, and social issues and provide recommendations for future research. Method: Analyze this research and make recommendations. Results and Conclusions: Evaluation research is key in identifying how people, organizational, and social issues – all crucial to system design, development, implementation, and use – interplay with informatics projects. Building on a long history of contributions and using a variety of methods, researchers continue developing evaluation theories and methods while producing significant interesting studies. We recommend that future research:1) Address concerns of the many individuals involved in or affected by informatics applications.2) Conduct studies in different type and size sites, and with different scopes of systems and different groups of users. Do multi-site or multi-system comparative studies.3) Incorporate evaluation into all phases of a project.4) Study failures, partial successes, and changes in project definition or outcome.5) Employ evaluation approaches that take account of the shifting nature of health care and project environments, and do formative evaluations.6) Incorporate people, social, organizational, cultural, and concomitant ethical issues into the mainstream of medical informatics.7) Diversify research approaches and continue to develop new approaches.8) Conduct investigations at different levels of analysis.9) Integrate findings from different applications and contextual settings, different areas of health care, studies in other disciplines, and also work that is not published in traditional research outlets.10) Develop and test theory to inform both further evaluation research and informatics practice.

scholarly journals How can social workers be meaningfully involved in palliative care? A scoping review on the prerequisites and how they can be realised in practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 263235242110588
Author(s):  
Brent Taels ◽  
Kirsten Hermans ◽  
Chantal Van Audenhove ◽  
Nadine Boesten ◽  
Joachim Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Work Involvement ◽  
Axial Coding

Palliative care is a holistic practice using a multidisciplinary approach in addressing multidimensional needs. Although the social aspects surrounding the end-of-life phase suggest a place for social work in it, the profession is often inadequately involved in daily practice. This contrasts strongly with the potential meaningful contributions of social workers in this field. To date, no comprehensive list of prerequisites for meaningful social work involvement in palliative care exists. This review aims to gain more insight on the prerequisites for meaningful social work involvement in palliative care and how to realise them in practice. It could therefore provide pathways for future intervention development in enhancing the involvement of social workers and maximising their contributions in palliative care. A scoping review methodology was used. A systematic selection of peer-reviewed articles ranged from 2000 to April 2021 – out of the electronic databases Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed – was conducted. The 170 articles that met the eligibility criteria were analysed for relevant content using open and axial coding processes. The findings are reported according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. The nine prerequisites listed in this review concern the level of individual social work capacities and the level of contextual factors structuring social work practices. A majority of articles have, however, focused on the level of individual social work capacities in a rather specialist view on palliative care. Future research should further address the contextual level of social work involvement in the broader practice of death, dying and bereavement.

scholarly journals The Use of Technology in Identifying Hospital Malnutrition: Scoping Review (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dino Trtovac ◽  
Joon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospital Malnutrition ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is a condition most commonly arising from the inadequate consumption of nutrients necessary to maintain physiological health and is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. Malnutrition occurring in the hospital setting is caused by insufficient monitoring, identification, and assessment efforts. Furthermore, the ability of health care workers to identify and recognize malnourished patients is suboptimal. Therefore, interventions focusing on the identification and treatment of malnutrition are valuable, as they reduce the risks and rates of malnutrition within hospitals. Technology may be a particularly useful ally in identifying malnutrition due to scalability, timeliness, and effectiveness. In an effort to explore the issue, this scoping review synthesized the availability of technological tools to detect and identify hospital malnutrition. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to conduct a scoping review of the different forms of technology used in addressing malnutrition among adults admitted to hospital to (1) identify the extent of the published literature on this topic, (2) describe key findings, and (3) identify outcomes. METHODS We designed and implemented a search strategy in 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL). We completed a descriptive numerical summary and analyzed study characteristics. One reviewer independently extracted data from the databases. RESULTS We retrieved and reviewed a total of 21 articles. We categorized articles by the computerized tool or app type: malnutrition assessment (n=15), food intake monitoring (n=5), or both (n=1). Within those categories, we subcategorized the different technologies as either hardware (n=4), software (n=13), or both (n=4). An additional subcategory under software was cloud-based apps (n=1). Malnutrition in the acute hospital setting was largely an unrecognized problem, owing to insufficient monitoring, identification, and initial assessments of identifying both patients who are already malnourished and those who are at risk of malnourishment. Studies went on to examine the effectiveness of health care workers (nurses and doctors) with a knowledge base focused on clinical care and their ability to accurately and consistently identify malnourished geriatric patients within that setting. CONCLUSIONS Most articles reported effectiveness in accurately increasing malnutrition detection and awareness. Computerized tools and apps may also help reduce health care workers’ workload and time spent assessing patients for malnutrition. Hospitals may also benefit from implementing malnutrition technology through observing decreased length of stay, along with decreased foregone costs related to missing malnutrition diagnoses. It is beneficial to study the impact of these technologies to examine possible areas of improvement. A future systematic review would further contribute to the evidence and effectiveness of the use of technologies in assessing and monitoring hospital malnutrition.

Social media and peer-to-peer support for individuals with health care needs and their caregivers: a scoping review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Kelly ◽  
Shelley Doucet ◽  
Alison Luke ◽  
Rima Azar ◽  
William Montelpare
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Many

BACKGROUND Individuals with health care needs and their caregivers require substantial informational and emotional support. Providing this support is a major challenge for care providers, who are often not able to adequately address barriers and may not be aware of available services and programs. Online P2P support offers an accessible and inexpensive source of support; however, the breadth of these supports on social media has not been previously documented. OBJECTIVE This study was a scoping review of research examining the use of peer-to-peer support on social media by individuals with health care needs and their caregivers. METHODS This review used the PRISMA-SR method to search for articles from 1997 to 2019. RESULTS A total of 94 articles were included. Patients and caregivers use many social media websites for P2P interaction, including: Facebook (n = 19), Twitter (n = 7), and YouTube (n = 6). Providing and receiving informational and emotional support were important uses of social media for P2P support; however, the specific needs and experiences of patients and caregivers appeared to change as knowledge regarding the condition(s) improved. Despite the many benefits associated with participating in online P2P groups, concerns related to ethics, privacy, and the potential to spread misinformation are outlined as risks associated with its use. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that patients and caregivers engage in P2P support on social media to receive informational and emotional support from peers, despite known risks and limitations. Social networking websites were revealed to be particularly suited for P2P support communication.

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