scholarly journals Physical activity-mediated associations between perceived neighborhood social environment and depressive symptoms among Jackson Heart Study participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Tamura ◽  
Steven D. Langerman ◽  
Stephanie L. Orstad ◽  
Sam J. Neally ◽  
Marcus R. Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract P314: Physical Activity-Mediated Associations of Perceived Neighborhood Violence and Problems on Depressive Symptoms Among Jackson Heart Study Participants

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Tamura ◽  
Steven D Langerman ◽  
Stephanie L Orstad ◽  
Sam J Neally ◽  
Marcus R Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Neighborhood Violence ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction: Little is known about whether links between perceived neighborhood social environment (PNSE) and depressive symptoms are mediated by physical activity (PA) levels. Hypothesis: We tested the hypotheses that total PA mediates relations between PNSE and depressive symptoms. Methods: We used Jackson Heart Study (JHS) baseline data. JHS is a prospective, community-based study of African Americans in the Jackson, MS (valid samples=2082; M age 52.4 years; 64% female). PNSE variables included neighborhood violence, problems (higher value=more violence or problems), and social cohesion (higher value=more cohesion). Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Validated total PA, based on active living, sport, and work indices, was tested as the mediator. Linear regressions with bootstrap-generated 95% bias-corrected confidence intervals (BC CIs) were estimated using SAS 9.4 to test for significant unstandardized indirect effects, controlling for all covariates. Results: Participants had a mean depressive symptoms score of 10.8 ( SD =8.1). Neighborhood violence and problems were indirectly related to depressive symptoms via total PA ( β for indirect effects=.21, 95% BC CI =.02, .48 and .13, 95% BC CI =.01, .32, respectively). That is, higher violence and problems were related to lower total PA. In turn, higher total PA was associated with lower depressive symptoms ( Figure 1 ). Neighborhood violence and problems also were directly related to depressive symptoms ( p <.05). Yet, social cohesion was not indirectly or directly related to depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Higher perceived neighborhood violence and problems were positively related to depressive symptoms. These associations may be explained in part via lower total PA levels. Future interventions to reduce depressive symptoms attributed to neighborhood issues should consider PA promotion in conjunction with community efforts to reduce neighborhood violence and problems.

scholarly journals Neighborhood social environment as risk factors to health behavior among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Amy H. Auchincloss ◽  
Sharrelle Barber ◽  
Stephanie L. Mayne ◽  
Michael E. Griswold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study

scholarly journals The impact of neighborhood on physical activity in the Jackson Heart Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Robinson ◽  
Sharon B. Wyatt ◽  
Patricia M. Dubbert ◽  
Warren May ◽  
Mario Sims
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Total Antioxidant Performance Is Associated with Diet and Serum Antioxidants in Participants of the Diet and Physical Activity Substudy of the Jackson Heart Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 1964-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera A. Talegawkar ◽  
Giangiacomo Beretta ◽  
Kyung-Jin Yeum ◽  
Elizabeth J. Johnson ◽  
Teresa C. Carithers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract P307: Association of Psychosocial Factors With Leukocyte Telomere Length Among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina D Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Leukocyte Telomere Length ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Unit Increase

Introduction: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a biomarker of cellular aging, is associated with human longevity. Psychosocial stressors are associated with shorter LTL. African Americans (AAs) experience greater stressor levels compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Research on associations of psychosocial factors with LTL among AAs is not well understood. Using Jackson Heart Study (JHS) data, we examined associations of psychosocial factors (negative affect and stressors) with LTL among AAs. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that psychosocial factors are inversely associated with LTL. Methods: Analysis was restricted to 2,516 JHS participants with LTL and psychosocial data between 2000-2004. Cross-sectional associations of negative affect [cynical distrust, anger-in, anger-out, depressive symptoms] and stressors [perceived stress, weekly stress inventory event (WSI-event), WSI-impact, major life event (MLE)] were examined with LTL among participants aged 21-95 years old (women=1,542; men=974). Psychosocial variables were measured by standardized questionnaires; LTL was measured by Southern blot. Summations of the four psychosocial measures were created for negative affect and stressors, with scores ranging from 4-12. We expressed each individual psychosocial measure into categories (tertiles: low, moderate, high) and in continuous standard deviation (SD) units. Using multivariable linear regression we evaluated the associations of psychosocial factors with mean differences (beta coefficient, b) in LTL adjusting for demographics (Model 1), socioeconomic status (SES) (Model 2), health behaviors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (Model 3), and coping (Model 4). Results: High (vs low) anger-out was inversely associated with LTL in Model 1 (b = -0.043, p=0.008) and Model 2 (b = -0.0395, p=0.03), where 1-SD unit increase in anger-out was associated with shorter LTL. High (vs low) cumulative negative affect was marginally associated with insignificantly shorter LTL in Model 1 (b = -0.09, p=0.06) and Model 2 (b = -0.09, p=0.07) before transformation to SD units. There was no association between psychosocial stressors and shorter LTL in this sample. Paradoxically, high (vs low) WSI-event was positively associated with LTL (b =0.042, p=0.016), where 1-SD unit increase in WSI-event was associated with longer LTL after full adjustment. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were associated with LTL shortening in the literature. The current study associates anger-out with shorter LTL, while WSI-event was associated with longer LTL among AAs in the JHS. Possibly, stress pathways that effect telomere length vary, where high stress can trigger LTL lengthening or shortening. Mechanisms of the paradoxical association between stress and telomere length must be further explored among AAs.

Abstract P114: Low Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Andrew Petrone ◽  
Chad Blackshear ◽  
Michael Griswold ◽  
Jane Harman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Study

Background: While the prevalence of cardiovascular health metrics or Life’s Simple Seven (LSS) has been shown to be far from optimal in the US, such information has been predominantly reported in Caucasians. The burden of cardiovascular disease among African Americans underscores the need to evaluate the prevalence and secular trends of LSS in other ethnic groups. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the prevalence of the LSS is far from ideal among participants of the Jackson Heart Study. Methods: We analyzed LSS with 3,500 African Americans from the Jackson Heart Study, using data from their first clinic visit (2000-2004). Standard methods were used to measure blood pressure, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and cholesterol. Information on physical activity, smoking, and diet was collected with interviewer-administered questionnaires. Each of the LSS metrics (smoking status, diet, physical activity, BMI, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and blood pressure) was categorized as poor, intermediate, or ideal, as defined by the AHA guidelines. Results: The mean age at baseline was 56.9 ± 12.2 years and 2,350 participants (67%) were women. Among men, the prevalence of having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics was 6.6%, 25.8%, 32.7%, 21.6%, 10.6%, 2.3%, 0.4%, and 0%, respectively. Corresponding values for women were 3.2%, 28.1%, 32.9%, 22.3%, 10.1%, 2.9%, 0.38%, and 0%. While about two-thirds of men and women reported ideal smoking status, almost none reported ideal diet quality, and few met recommendations for BMI and blood pressure ( Figure) . Conclusions: Our data are consistent with less than optimal prevalence of cardiovascular health metrics in both men and women from the Jackson Heart Study. The lower prevalence of meeting ideal recommendations for diet, physical activity, BMI, and blood pressure underscores the need for targeted interventions to improve these modifiable lifestyle factors in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease among African-Americans.

Abstract P285: Psychosocial Factors are Associated with Blood Pressure Progression among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra D Ford ◽  
Mario Sims ◽  
John C Higginbotham ◽  
Martha R Crowther ◽  
Sharon B Wyatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Adjusted Model

Background: African Americans (AA) have a higher risk of hypertension than other race/ethnic groups. Research that examines the associations of psychosocial factors with longitudinal changes in blood pressure (BP) and incident hypertension among AA is limited. Using Jackson Heart Study (JHS) data, we hypothesized that negative affect and stress are positively associated with BP progression and incident hypertension among AA. Methods: The JHS is an observational, community-based study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in AA. Our sample consisted of 1,668 normotensive participants at baseline (2000-2004) (mean age 47±12; 61% women). We investigated sex-pooled associations of negative affect (cynical distrust, anger in, anger out and depressive symptoms) and stress (perceived stress, weekly stress inventory (WSI)-event, WSI-impact and negative life events) with BP progression (an increase by one BP stage as defined by JNC VII), incident hypertension and longitudinal changes in systolic and diastolic BP by examination 2 (2005-2008). Poisson regression analysis was utilized to examine the prevalence ratios (PR 95% CI) of BP tracking with psychosocial factors, adjusting for baseline age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES) and hypertension risk factors. Results: Men had higher cynical distrust scores than women (p<.0001). Women had higher anger out, depressive symptoms and perceived stress scores than men (p<.05). Fifty six percent of the sample (934 cases) had BP progression from 2000 to 2008. After adjustment for age and sex, a high anger-out score was associated with a 20% increased prevalence of BP progression compared to a low anger-out score (PR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05,1.36). This association attenuated after adjustment for hypertension risk factors and became non-significant. High depressive symptoms score was associated with BP progression in the age, sex and SES-adjusted model (PR, 1.14 95%CI 1.00,1.30), but not in the fully-adjusted models. High WSI-event scores were associated with BP progression in the fully-adjusted model (PR, 1.21 95% CI 1.04,1.40). Psychosocial factors were not associated with incident hypertension. Conclusions: Psychosocial factors were associated with BP progression, with the strongest evidence for number of stressful events that occurred. Further research is needed to better understand the pathway between exposure to negative affect and stress and BP progression among AA. Keywords: psychosocial, hypertension, health disparities, African Americans, Jackson Heart Study Category: Hypertension

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