scholarly journals Motivational profiles and change in physical activity during a weight loss intervention: a secondary data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Ostendorf ◽  
Sarah J. Schmiege ◽  
David E. Conroy ◽  
Suzanne Phelan ◽  
Angela D. Bryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
Motivational Profiles

Abstract Background High levels of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) are strongly associated with sustained weight loss, however the majority of adults are unsuccessful in maintaining high levels of MVPA long-term. Our goal was to identify profiles based on exercise motives, and examine the association between motivational profile and longitudinal changes in MVPA during a weight loss intervention. Methods Adults with overweight or obesity (n = 169, mean ± SE; age 39 ± 0.7 years, BMI 34.4 ± 0.3 kg/m2, 83% female) underwent an 18-month behavioral weight loss program, including 6 months of supervised exercise, followed by 6 months of unsupervised exercise. Participants self-reported behavioral regulations for exercise at baseline (BREQ-2). Latent profile analysis identified subgroups from external, introjected, identified, and intrinsic regulations measured at baseline. Mean differences in device-measured total MVPA were compared across motivational profiles at baseline, after 6 months of supervised exercise and after a subsequent 6 months of unsupervised exercise. Results Three motivational profiles emerged: high autonomous (high identified and intrinsic, low external regulations; n = 52), high combined (high scores on all exercise regulations; n = 25), and moderate combined (moderate scores on all exercise regulations; n = 92). Motivational profile was not associated with baseline level of MVPA or the increase in MVPA over the 6-month supervised exercise intervention (high autonomous: 21 ± 6 min/d; high combined: 20 ± 9 min/d; moderate combined: 33 ± 5 min/d; overall P > 0.05). However, during the transition from supervised to unsupervised exercise, MVPA decreased, on average, within all three profiles, but the high autonomous profile demonstrated the least attenuation in MVPA (− 3 ± 6 min/d) compared to the moderate combined profile (− 20 ± 5 min/d; P = 0.043). Conclusions Results were in alignment with the Self-Determination Theory. Adults motivated by autonomous reasons (value benefits of exercise, intrinsic enjoyment) may be more likely to sustain increases in MVPA once support is removed, whereas participants with moderate-to-high scores on all types of exercise regulations may need additional long-term support in order to sustain initial increases in MVPA. Clinical trial registration NCT01985568. Registered 24 October 2013.

Diet and Exercise in the Treatment of Obesity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Ariagno
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

This review addresses the role of nutrition and physical activity in weight management. There is not one standardized approach toward weight loss, but research demonstrates the effectiveness of following a reduced-calorie plan, as well as emphasizing increases in physical activity. Other important elements of consideration include promoting contact with weight management clinicians to provide structure, encouragement, and support. Physical activity alone has not been proven to support weight loss but in combination with a lower caloric intake can be helpful toward achieving weight loss. Sustaining weight loss is difficult for most individuals, so the support of clinicians is valuable not only in the starting phase but in the long term as well.  This review contains 1 figure, 4 tables and 37 references Key words: activity, calorie, carbohydrate, diet, dietitian, exercise, intervention, lifestyle, maintenance, obesity, portion, technology, weight

Behavioural mediators of reduced energy intake in a physical activity, diet, and sleep behaviour weight loss intervention in adults

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105273
Author(s):  
Sasha Fenton ◽  
Tracy L. Burrows ◽  
Clare E. Collins ◽  
Elizabeth G. Holliday ◽  
Gregory S. Kolt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Sleep Behaviour

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Multi-Component m-Health Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep Intervention on Dietary Intake in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Sasha Fenton ◽  
Tracy L. Burrows ◽  
Clare E. Collins ◽  
Anna T. Rayward ◽  
Beatrice Murawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Traditional Group ◽  
Traditional Diet ◽  
Randomised Controlled

This three-arm randomised controlled trial evaluated whether (1) a multi-component weight loss intervention targeting diet, physical activity (PA), and sleep was effective at improving dietary intake over six months and 12 months, compared with a control, and (2) the enhanced diet, PA, and sleep intervention was more effective at improving dietary intake than the traditional diet and PA intervention. A total of 116 adults (70% female, 44.5 years, BMI 31.7 kg/m2) were randomised to either traditional diet and PA intervention; enhanced diet, PA, and sleep intervention; or wait-list control. To examine between-group differences, intervention groups were pooled and compared with the control. Then, the two intervention groups were compared. At six months, the pooled intervention group consumed 1011 fewer kilojoules/day (95% CI −1922, −101), less sodium (−313.2 mg/day; 95% CI −591.3, −35.0), and higher %EI from fruit (+2.1%EI; 95% CI 0.1, 4.1) than the controls. There were no differences in intake between the enhanced and traditional groups at six months. At 12 months, the pooled intervention and control groups reported no significant differences. However, compared to the traditional group, the enhanced reported higher %EI from nutrient-dense foods (+7.4%EI; 95% CI 1.3, 13.5) and protein (+2.4%EI; 95% CI 0.1, 4.6), and reduced %EI from fried/takeaway foods (−3.6%EI; 95% CI −6.5, −0.7), baked sweet products (−2.0%EI; 95% CI −3.6, −0.4), and packaged snacks (−1.1%EI; 95% CI −2.2, −0.3). This weight loss intervention reduced total energy and sodium intakes as well as increased fruit intake in adults at six months. The enhanced intervention group reported improved dietary intake relative to the traditional group at 12 months.

Breast cancer survivors’ experience of making weight, dietary and physical activity changes during participation in a weight loss intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1455-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline O Terranova ◽  
Sheleigh P Lawler ◽  
Kym Spathonis ◽  
Elizabeth G Eakin ◽  
Marina M Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention

scholarly journals Effect of an 18-month physical activity and weight loss intervention on body composition in overweight and obese older adults

Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Beavers ◽  
Daniel P. Beavers ◽  
Beverly A. Nesbit ◽  
Walter T. Ambrosius ◽  
Anthony P. Marsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention

Abstract P290: Short-term Weight Change and Long-term Mortality in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
Lawrence J Appel ◽  
Paul K Whelton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypertension Prevention ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Introduction: Although weight loss has favorable effects on intermediate outcomes, such as blood pressure and insulin resistance, few studies have examined its effects on long-term outcomes including total mortality. Methods: In the Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP) individuals aged 30-54 years with high normal BP were randomized to a weight loss intervention, to one of several other lifestyle or dietary supplement interventions, or to usual care. All participants from Phase 1 (1987-90) and Phase 2 (1990-5) were followed for mortality through 2013. The association of weight change during any of the interventions with long-term mortality up to 18-24 years after the trial periods was examined among 3828 participants who fell into a high baseline weight stratum, defined as body mass index at least 26 kg/m2 in men and 24 kg/m2 in women. Results and Conclusions: There were 1477 high-weight participants in Phase 1 and 2351 in Phase 2, of whom 21% and 50%, respectively, were assigned to a weight loss intervention. Overall, mean weight change during the trial period was -1.8 lbs (-0.8% of baseline body weight) over 1.5 years in Phase 1 and 1.6 lbs (0.8%) over 3-4 years in Phase 2. A total of 556 (15%) lost > 5%, 1,101 (29%) lost <=5%, 1,567 (41%) gained less than 5%, and 604 (16%) gained > 5% in body weight. Corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) for total mortality were 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.57-1.18), 0.94 (95% CI=0.72-1.23), 1.00 (reference), and 1.29 (95% CI=0.92-1.80) (p-trend = 0.046). There was a direct linear relationship with percent change in weight during the trial period and later mortality (HR=1.14 per 5% change, 95% CI=1.02-1.28, p=0.019). This association persisted throughout the course of mortality follow-up (Figure). In these healthy individuals taking part in lifestyle and nutrition supplement trials , short-term weight change was directly associated with mortality about two decades later. These results are consistent with a long-term beneficial effect of presumed intentional weight loss on total mortality.

53 - Long-Term Physical Activity Adherence After the End of an Exercise Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
Jane E. Booth ◽  
Jamie L. Benham ◽  
Laura E. Schinbein ◽  
Samantha K. Mcginley ◽  
Doreen M. Rabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Adherence

Serum Myostatin Levels Are Higher in Fitter, More Active, and Non-Frail Long-Term Nursing Home Residents and Increase after a Physical Exercise Intervention

Gerontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haritz Arrieta ◽  
Gotzone Hervás ◽  
Chloe Rezola-Pardo ◽  
Fátima Ruiz-Litago ◽  
Miren Iturburu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Activity Level

Background: Myostatin has been proposed as a candidate biomarker for frailty and sarcopenia. However, the relationship of myostatin with these conditions remains inconclusive. Objective: To determine the association of serum myostatin concentration with body composition, physical fitness, physical activity level, and frailty in long-term nursing home residents. We also aimed to ascertain the effect of an exercise program on myostatin levels. Methods: We obtained study data on 112 participants from long-term nursing homes. Participants were randomly assigned to a control or an intervention group and performed a 6-month multicomponent exercise program. Serum myostatin levels were analyzed by ELISA. Assessments also included body composition (anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance), physical fitness (Senior Fitness Test), physical activity level (accelerometry), and frailty (Fried frailty criteria, Clinical Frailty Scale, and Tilburg frailty indicator). Results: The concentration of myostatin at baseline was positively correlated with: a leaner body composition (p < 0.05), and a higher number of steps per day and light and moderate-vigorous physical activity in women (p < 0.005); greater upper and lower limb strength, endurance, and poorer flexibility (p < 0.05) in men; and better performance (less time) in the 8-ft timed up-and-go test in both women (p < 0.01) and men (p < 0.005). We observed higher concentrations of serum myostatin in non-frail than in frail participants (p < 0.05). Additionally, we found that the implemented physical exercise intervention, which was effective to improve physical fitness, increased myostatin concentration in men (p < 0.05) but not in women. The improvements in physical condition were related with increases in serum myostatin only in men (p < 0.05–0.01). Conclusions: Higher serum levels of myostatin were found to be associated with better physical fitness. The improvements in physical fitness after the intervention were positively related to increases in myostatin concentrations in men. These results seem to rule out the idea that high serum myostatin levels are indicative of frailty in long-term nursing home residents. However, although the direction of association was opposite to that expected for the function of myostatin, the use of this protein as a biomarker for physical fitness, rather than frailty, merits further study.

scholarly journals Group-Based Trajectory Analysis of Physical Activity Change in a US Weight Loss Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 840-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Imes ◽  
Yaguang Zheng ◽  
Dara D. Mendez ◽  
Bonny J. Rockette-Wagner ◽  
Meghan K. Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Step Count ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Trajectory Group

Background: The obesity epidemic is a global concern. Standard behavioral treatment including increased physical activity, reduced energy intake, and behavioral change counseling is an effective lifestyle intervention for weight loss. Purpose: To identify distinct step count patterns among weight loss intervention participants, examine weight loss differences by trajectory group, and examine baseline factors associated with trajectory group membership. Methods: Both groups received group-based standard behavioral treatment while the experimental group received up to 30 additional, one-on-one self-efficacy enhancement sessions. Data were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling, analysis of variance, chi-square tests, and multinomial logistic regression. Results: Participants (N = 120) were mostly female (81.8%) and white (73.6%) with a mean (SD) body mass index of 33.2 (3.8) kg/m2. Four step count trajectory groups were identified: active (>10,000 steps/day; 11.7%), somewhat active (7500–10,000 steps/day; 28.3%), low active (5000–7500 steps/day; 27.5%), and sedentary (<5000 steps/day; 32.5%). Percent weight loss at 12 months increased incrementally by trajectory group (5.1% [5.7%], 7.8% [6.9%], 8.0% [7.4%], and 13.63% [7.0%], respectively; P = .001). At baseline, lower body mass index and higher perceived health predicted membership in the better performing trajectory groups. Conclusions: Within a larger group of adults in a weight loss intervention, 4 distinct trajectory groups were identified and group membership was associated with differential weight loss.

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