scholarly journals Function, strength, and muscle activation of the shoulder complex in Crossfit practitioners with and without pain: a cross-sectional observational study

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Raulino Silva ◽  
Nicola Maffulli ◽  
Filippo Migliorini ◽  
Gilmar Moraes Santos ◽  
Fábio Sprada de Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Trapezius

Abstract Background The shoulder joint is the most commonly injured joint in CrossFit practitioners, because of the high intensity and loads associated with this sport. Despite the large number of clinical cases, there is a shortage of studies that investigate influence of biomechanical aspects of upper limbs' injuries on CrossFit practitioners. This study hypothesized that there would be a difference in function, strength, and muscle activation between Crossfit practitioners with and without shoulder pain. Methods We divided 79 Crossfit practitioners into two groups according to whether they reported pain (n = 29) or no pain (n = 50) in the shoulder during Crossfit training. Muscle function, strength, and activation were assessed using the Disability Arm, Shoulder and Hand function questionnaire, Upper Quarter Y Balance Test and Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test shoulder tests, isometric muscle strength assessment by manual dynamometry and muscle activation by surface electromyography and pain report. Results The function based on questionnaire was associated with pain (p = 0.004). We observed a statistically significant difference between the two groups only in the surface electromyography activity of the lower trapezius, and in the variables of shoulder pain and function (p = 0.038). Conclusion Crossfit practitioners with shoulder pain occurring during training showed good function and stability of the shoulder joint, but there was a reduction in the activation of stabilizing muscles, especially the lower trapezius. Trial registration Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clinico (Brasilian National Registry) with the ID: RBR-2gycyv.

Association Between Lower Trapezius Isometric Strength and Y-Balance Test Upper Quarter Performance in College Volleyball Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Guillermo Mendez-Rebolledo ◽  
Ann M. Cools ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Elias Quiroz-Aldea ◽  
Fernanda A.P. Habechian
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Lower Trapezius

Context: Knowing the possible association between the isometric strength of the shoulder rotators, scapular muscles, and the Y-balance test upper quarter (YBT-UQ) performance could help identify which indicators of shoulder stability should be considered in this field test. This study aimed to determine whether the isometric strength of the shoulder rotators and scapular muscles is associated with the YBT-UQ performance of the dominant upper limb in amateur volleyball players. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A convenience sample of 22 male and 18 female volleyball players (≥12 h of training/week) between 18 and 26 years of age. The isometric strength of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior, internal, and external rotator muscles was assessed with a handheld dynamometer. Participants performed the YBT-UQ in the superolateral, medial, and inferolateral directions. The absolute isometric peak force (in Newtons) was normalized to body weight (in Newtons per kilogram) for each muscle test. For each YBT-UQ direction, the distance (in centimeters) was normalized for upper limb length (in percentage). A backward multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associations between variables. Results: The analysis revealed that the isometric strength of the lower trapezius (β = 26.82; 95% confidence interval, 21.24–32.40) is associated with inferolateral YBT-UQ performance (adjusted R2 = .706; P < .001). This factor explains 70% of the variability of the YBT-UQ in the inferolateral direction. Conclusions: Lower trapezius isometric strength is associated with inferolateral YBT-UQ performance of the dominant upper limb in amateur volleyball players. These findings could help in the development of more specific training programs and rehabilitation goals according to the performance of the athletes in the test.

Immediate Effects of Limb Rotational Kinesio Tape Application on Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Scores

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Alyssa Dittmer ◽  
David Tomchuk ◽  
David R. Fontenot
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kinesio Tape ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
Athletic Population ◽  
Tape Group

Context: Rounded shoulder posture is a common problem in the athletic population. Recently Kinesio tape has been utilized to improve balance, proprioception, and posture. However, the literature has been unable to provide definitive answers on the efficacy of Kinesio tape use. Objective: To determine the immediate effect of the limb rotational Kinesio tape application on the dynamic balance and proprioception of the shoulder measured by the Y-Balance Upper Quarter Test (YBT-UQ) in male collegiate athletes. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Sports medicine research laboratory.Participants: Nineteen healthy male collegiate National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics athletes (including rodeo, baseball, football, and soccer) with a mean age of 19.8 (1.4) years. Interventions: Subjects were randomized into Kinesio tape and non-Kinesio tape groups. The limb rotational Kinesio tape application was applied to the Kinesio tape group, while the non-Kinesio tape group received no intervention. Each group performed the YBT-UQ, which requires reaching in 3 directions in a push-up position, before and after the randomized intervention on a single day. Main Outcome Measures: The variables of interest included the maximum reach distance in each of the 3 directions and the composite score for both trials between the Kinesio tape and non-Kinesio tape groups. Each score was normalized against the subject’s limb length. Results: No statistically significant improvements in any YBT-UQ scores were observed following either the Kinesio tape or non-Kinesio tape intervention. Conclusions: Applying the limb rotational Kinesio tape technique did not improve immediate YBT-UQ scores in a male collegiate athletic population with rounded shoulder posture. The use of Kinesio tape to improve immediate closed kinetic chain function in male collegiate athletes with rounded shoulder posture cannot be supported.

scholarly journals Role of the kinetic chain in shoulder rehabilitation: does incorporating the trunk and lower limb into shoulder exercise regimes influence shoulder muscle recruitment patterns? Systematic review of electromyography studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000683
Author(s):  
Eleanor Richardson ◽  
Jeremy S Lewis ◽  
Jo Gibson ◽  
Chris Morgan ◽  
Mark Halaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Muscle Recruitment ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recruitment Patterns ◽  
Lower Trapezius

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of trunk and lower limb motion on electromyography (EMG) muscle activity and recruitment patterns around the shoulder.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, PEDro, AMED, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, SportsDiscuss and PROSPERO.Eligibility criteriaStudies investigating both multiregional kinetic chain (KC) shoulder exercises and localised non-kinetic chain (nKC) shoulder exercises in healthy subjects under the same experimental conditions were included in this review.ResultsKC exercises produced greater EMG activation levels in 5 of 11 studies for the lower trapezius. Of the remaining studies, five found no difference between the exercise types and one favoured nKC exercises. KC exercises produced greater EMG activation levels in 5 of 11 studies for the serratus anterior. Of the remaining studies, three reported the opposite and three found no significant difference between the exercise types. nKC exercises produced greater EMG activation in infraspinatus in three of four studies. KC exercises produced the lowest trapezius muscle ratios in all studies. Studies investigating the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, supraspinatus, subscapularis, biceps brachii, latifissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, deltoid, and trapezius and serratus anterior ratios showed inconsistency.ConclusionThis review found evidence that integrating the KC during shoulder rehabilitation may increase axioscapular muscle recruitment, produce lower trapezius muscle ratios and reduce the demands on the rotator cuff. Stepping appears preferable to squatting.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42015032557, 2015.

Difference in Functional Performance on the Upper-Quarter Y-Balance Test Between High School Baseball Players and Wrestlers

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Myers ◽  
Mary Poletti ◽  
Robert J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Closed Chain ◽  
The Right ◽  
Composite Scores

Context:The Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-UQ) is a unique movement test where individuals perform at the limits of their stability, requiring the coordination of balance, proprioception, range of motion, and stabilization. It is not yet clear if performance on the YBT-UQ differs between sports with dissimilar emphasis on upper-extremity performance.Objective:To compare performance on the YBT-UQ between wrestlers, whose sport requires some degree of closed-chain activity, and baseball players, whose sport is primarily open kinetic chain in nature.Design:Cross-sectional.Setting:High school preparticipation physical assessment.Participants:24 healthy high school male wrestlers (mean age 16.12 ± 1.24 y) and 24 healthy high school male baseball players (mean age 15.79 ± 1.25 y).Interventions:All subjects performed the YBT-UQ, which requires reaching in 3 directions while maintaining a push-up position.Main Outcome Measures:The variables of interest include the maximum reach in each direction, as well as the composite score. In addition, asymmetries between limbs for each reach direction were compared.Results:Wrestlers performed significantly better than baseball players in the medial direction, inferolateral direction, and in composite scores. In the medial direction, wrestlers exhibited greater scores (P < .01) on both left and right limbs, 10.5 ± 10.2%LL and 9.95 ± 10.2%LL, respectively. Significant differences (P < .01) were also observed in the inferolateral direction, with a difference of 11.3 ± 12.0%LL on the left and 8.7 ± 11.0%LL on the right. Composite scores were higher (P < .01) for the wrestlers, with a difference of 7.0% on the left and 7.1% on the right.Conclusions:This study suggests that wrestlers perform better on the YBT-UQ than baseball players. The findings may suggest sport-specific normative data for the YBT-UQ in high school athletes.

scholarly journals The effect of self-reported knee instability on plantar pressure and postural sways in women with knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Chaharmahali ◽  
Farzaneh Gandomi ◽  
Ali Yalfani ◽  
Alireza Fazaeli
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Knee Instability ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract Background Giving way and knee instability are common problems in patients with knee osteoarthritis, disrupting the daily activities and balance of the affected individual. The present study aimed to evaluate the postural control status of women with knee osteoarthritis with and without self-report knee instability (KI). Methods This cross-sectional, single-blind study was conducted on 57 female patients with knee osteoarthritis. The patients were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups of with KI (n = 26) and without KI (n = 31). Fear of movement was assessed using the Tampa questionnaire, the degree of knee instability was measured based on the Fitzgard scale, the static and dynamic balance of the subjects were evaluated with open and closed eyes using a Biodex balance device, and foot pressure distribution situation was measured using a FDM-S-Zebris device. Results Mean comparison showed a significant difference between the subjects with and without KI in static balance only in anterior–posterior direction with open eyes (p = 0.01) and closed eyes (p = 0.0001). In the dynamic balance test, the subjects in both groups had significant differences in terms of all the indicators of anterior–posterior stability (p = 0.001), medial–lateral stability (p = 0.0001), and overall stability (p = 0.0001) with closed eyes. However, no significant difference was observed with open eyes (p > 0.05). Multiple regression also indicated significant positive correlations between pain intensity and disease duration with the degree of KI (p < 0.05). Conclusions According to the results, there were significant differences between the mean pain scores, static and dynamic balance, and the rate of fall between the women with knee osteoarthritis with and without the KI index. Therefore, patients with knee osteoarthritis, which also has an index of KI, are more susceptible to falls, and proper strategies are required to reduce the level of KI in these patients.

The assessment of muscle fatigue in orthopedic surgeons, by comparing manual versus automated broaching in simulated total hip arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110343
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Ferrari ◽  
Mariam Khan ◽  
Jack Mantel ◽  
Robert Wallbank
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Surgical Workflow ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Significant Difference

Total hip arthroplasty procedures are physically demanding for surgeons. Repetitive mallet swings to impact a surgical handle (impactions), can lead to muscle fatigue, discomfort, and injuries. The use of an automated surgical hammer may reduce fatigue and increase surgical efficiency. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of repeated manual and automated impactions on the user’s muscle activation, by means of surface electromyography. Surface electromyography signals were recorded from eight muscles of seven ( n = 7) orthopedic surgeons during repetitions of manual and automated impactions, to reach the same surgical outcome (broaching depth). Qualitative data was also captured to track the perceived fatigue and preferences of impaction modalities after completion of impaction tasks. Time to complete tasks, muscle activation, and muscle fatigue were quantified. Results showed a significant decrease in time required to reach the same broaching depth for the automated method compared to manual impactions ( p = 0.001). A reduction in muscle fatigue and activation of right Brachioradialis muscle was observed during automated impactions ( p = 0.018). A significant difference in fatigue was observed, with lower level of fatigue during automated impactions ( p = 0.001). These results suggest that an automated surgical workflow might reduce the exposure to the impaction task and, therefore, muscle fatigue, with a reduced activation of the most engaged muscles. The study suggests that the burden on the user can be reduced by a change in the surgical methodology to perform broaching in total hip arthroplasty, which could potentially benefit surgical efficiency and reduce the risk of fatigue-based errors during a procedure.

Kinetic chain influences on upper and lower trapezius muscle activation during eight variations of a scapular retraction exercise in overhead athletes

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristof De Mey ◽  
Lieven Danneels ◽  
Barbara Cagnie ◽  
Lotte Van den Bosch ◽  
Johan Flier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Overhead Athletes ◽  
Lower Trapezius

The Relationship Between Dynamic Balance Ability and Shoulder Pain in High School Baseball Pitchers

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110196
Author(s):  
Kurumi Nakase ◽  
Hitoshi Shitara ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tajika ◽  
Takuro Kuboi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ichinose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseball Pitchers ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Dynamic balance is essential for pitching motion because pitching kinematics requires whole body coordination. The Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and the Y balance test (YBT) evaluate dynamic balance quantitatively. There are some reports that investigated the relationship between SEBT/YBT and pain in upper and lower extremities, but there is no study among high school baseball pitchers. Hypothesis: Dynamic balance deficiency is associated with shoulder pain among high school baseball pitchers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A total of 259 male high school pitchers who participated in the preseason medical checkups were included in the study. YBT was used to measure their dynamic balance. The participants completed a questionnaire which asked if they were currently experiencing shoulder pain. Results: Twenty-two pitchers had shoulder pain during the preseason medical checkups. In the YBT, the posterolateral balance while standing with the axis leg as well as the posteromedial and posterolateral balance while standing with the step leg were significantly lower in the pain group than in the nonpain group ( P = 0.05, 0.04, and 0.001, respectively). A logistic regression analysis showed that posterolateral balance when standing with the step leg was an independent risk factor for current shoulder pain ( P = 0.04, odds ratio 0.942, 95% CI 0.892-0.996). Conclusion: The dynamic balance of high school baseball pitchers with shoulder pain was lower than that of participants without shoulder pain. In particular, posterolateral direction with the step leg standing was significantly related to shoulder pain. Clinical Relevance: Among high school baseball pitchers, decreased dynamic balance was related to current shoulder pain. YBT maybe recommended in preseason medical checkups for high school baseball pitchers.

scholarly journals Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Score of Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Hazar ◽  
Naime Ulug ◽  
Inci Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Shoulder Impingement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Closed Kinetic Chain

Objectives: The Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT) is a reliable upper extremity closed kinetic chain test that can be used to assess unilateral upper extremity performance in a closed chain manner. However, UQYBT was tested only in recreational athletes and there are no studies investigating UQYBT scores in patients with various upper extremity musculoskeletal injuries. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in performance on the Upper Quarter Y Balance Test between patient with shoulder impingement syndrome and healthy controls. Methods: A sample of fifteen patients with shoulder impingement syndrome (mean age 32.2±4.2 years) and fifteen healthy control (mean age 33.8±6.2 years) performed the UQYBT. UQYBT was collected bilaterally in three directions (medial, inferolateral, and superolateral). The maximum reach distance for each direction was normalized to upper extremity length (spinous process of C7 to tip of middle finger) and used for analysis Results: A significant difference in performance between patients with shoulder impingement syndrome and healthy controls existed in the medial direction (P<0.05) and the inferolateral direction (P<0.05) where the healthy controls performed better. There was no significant difference in superolateral performance. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that patients with shoulder impingement syndrome will perform worse on the UQYBT in the medial and inferolateral directions than healthy controls. Thus, upper extremity closed kinetic chain exercises should be added in shoulder rehabilitation programs.

scholarly journals Comparing the Effect of Kinesiology Taping on Dynamic Balance and Pain of Men and Women With Unilateral Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-487
Author(s):  
Javid Mostamand ◽  
◽  
Zohreh Shafizadegan ◽  
Mohammad Javad Tarrahi ◽  
Zeinab Sadat Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
T Test ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Objective: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common disorders of the knee joint. It is characterized by pain, reduced proprioception, and altered pattern of vastus muscle activation, which effectively maintain the balance needed for performing daily living activities such as walking and running. One treatment method that can reduce pain and improve balance in people with PFPS is Kinesiology Taping (KT). Considering the physiological and anatomical differences in the knee structure of men and women and the importance of studying the effect of KT on the dynamic balance of men with PFPS, this study aims to compare the effect of KT on dynamic balance and pain of men and women with unilateral PFPS. Materials & Methods: This is a quasi-experimental and non-randomized clinical trial. The participants were 30 males and 31 females aged 18-40 years suffering from unilateral PFPS. They were recruited using a convenience sampling method. First, the subjects performed the Y-balance test three times in each of the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The maximum score obtained from the three repetitions in each direction was divided by the limb length and recorded in percentage as a dynamic balance score. After 5 minutes of rest and performing initial tests, the subjects performed the intervention. In this stage, KT with a tension equal to 50%-75% of its initial length was applied on the patella of the involved limb to cause medial glide. The effectiveness of KT was examined under a single-leg squat-test. For this purpose, all subjects performed unilateral squatting on their affected leg for 10 seconds with 45 degrees of knee flexion before and after KT, while their pain level was recorded using the visual analog scale. In case of a 50% reduction in pain, the subjects were allowed to enter the final stage (performing the Y-balance test); otherwise, patellar taping was repeated to obtain the appropriate pain reduction. Results: Within-group comparison of balance parameters before and after KT using the paired t-test showed an increase in the reach distance at three directions in the Y-balance test, revealing a significant improvement in the dynamic balance following KT (P<0.05). According to the independent t-test results, there was no significant difference in balance parameters between males and females before and after the intervention (P>0.05). Moreover, the pain was significantly reduced in both genders after KT (P<0.05), but its difference between men and women was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: KT is an appropriate therapeutic intervention for improving dynamic balance and reducing pain in people with PFPS. It seems that KT has the same effect on dynamic balance and pain of women and men with PFPS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document