An analysis of DNA methylation in human adipose tissue reveals differential modification of obesity genes before and after gastric bypass and weight loss

Weight regulation and the magnitude of weight loss after a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) can be genetically determined. DNA methylation patterns and the expression of some genes can be altered after weight loss interventions, including RYGB. The present study aimed to evaluate how the gene expression and DNA methylation of PIK3R1, an obesity and insulin-related gene, change after RYGB. Blood samples were obtained from 13 women (35.9 ± 9.2 years) with severe obesity before and six months after surgical procedure. Whole blood transcriptome and epigenomic patterns were assessed by microarray-based, genome-wide technologies. A total of 1966 differentially expressed genes were identified in the pre- and postoperative periods of RYGB. From these, we observed that genes involved in obesity and insulin pathways were upregulated after surgery. Then, the PIK3R1 gene was selected for further RT-qPCR analysis and cytosine-guanine nucleotide (CpG) sites methylation evaluation. We observed that the PI3KR1 gene was upregulated, and six DNA methylation CpG sites were differently methylated after bariatric surgery. In conclusion, we found that RYGB upregulates genes involved in obesity and insulin pathways.

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Increased Circulating and Visceral Adipose Tissue Expression Levels of YKL-40 in Obesity-Associated Type 2 Diabetes Are Related to Inflammation: Impact of Conventional Weight Loss and Gastric Bypass

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2010-0994 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 200-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Victoria Catalán ◽

Javier Gómez-Ambrosi ◽

Amaia Rodríguez ◽

Beatriz Ramírez ◽

Fernando Rotellar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Tissue Expression ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Visceral Adipose

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The Impact of Exercise on DNA Methylation of Genes Associated with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Human Adipose Tissue

US Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/use.2014.10.01.64 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 64 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tina Rönn ◽

Charlotte Ling ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Dna Methylation ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Human Adipose Tissue ◽

Short Review ◽

Methylation Pattern ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

The Impact

It is well established that exercise promotes health, and reduces people’s risks for developing type 2 diabetes and becoming obese. But just how exercise performs this, at a cellular level, and what molecular and physiologic steps are involved and in what order, are still not fully understood. Metabolic disorders are often influenced by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. One possible explanation for how the environment may influence the genome is through epigenetic mechanisms–that is–chemical modifications to the DNA itself. Epigenetic factors include, for example, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and different RNA-mediated processes, which all have the ability to bind to DNA or affect the chromatin structure and thereby change how specific genes are interpreted and expressed. In this short review, we focus on describing how exercise influences the genome-wide DNA methylation pattern, including candidate genes for obesity and type 2 diabetes, in human adipose tissue.

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Ghrelin and Obestatin Levels in Severely Obese Women Before and After Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-008-9568-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 29-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Christian L. Roth ◽

Thomas Reinehr ◽

Gerit-Holger Schernthaner ◽

Hans-Peter Kopp ◽

Stefan Kriwanek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽

Obese Women ◽

Before And After ◽

Severely Obese

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Weight Loss after Gastric Bypass Surgery in Women Is Followed by a Metabolically Favorable Decrease in 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2009-2472 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 95 (7) ◽

pp. 3527-3531 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Kotryna Šimonytė ◽

Tommy Olsson ◽

Ingmar Näslund ◽

Jan-Erik Angelhed ◽

Lars Lönn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽

Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Glucose Metabolites in Blood and Adipose Tissue of Obese Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Subjects

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0490027 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32

Author(s):

M. A. Page ◽

D. J. Galton

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Human Adipose Tissue ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Uridine Diphosphate ◽

Glucose Load ◽

Glycerol Phosphate ◽

Before And After ◽

Diphosphate Glucose ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Blood Glucose Concentrations

1. Glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose diphosphate, glycerol phosphate and uridine diphosphate glucose have been measured in human adipose tissue and blood from obese subjects under fed and fasting conditions and in obese diabetic and non-diabetic subjects before and after an oral glucose load (100 g). 2. Adipose tissue metabolites expressed as nmol/g wet weight correlated inversely with adipocyte diameter. 3. After fasting, fructose diphosphate and glycerol phosphate in adipose tissue decreased significantly. 4. The basal concentrations of metabolites in blood and adipose tissue were maintained at similar concentrations in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects despite very different blood glucose concentrations. 5. The significant increase in adipose tissue glucose 6-phosphate after the glucose load seen in the non-diabetic but not in the diabetic subjects suggests that glucose uptake is decreased in the diabetic adipocyte.

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