Antimalarial combination therapies increase gastric ulcers through an imbalance of basic antioxidative-oxidative enzymes in male Wistar rats

Abstract Objective: Antimalarials are globally used against plasmodium infections, however, information on the safety of new antimalarial combination therapies on the gastric mucosa is scarce. The aim of the study was to establish the effects of Artesunate-Amodiaquine and Artemether-Lumefantrine on gastric ulcers, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and identify major histological changes in male Wistar rats. Gastric ulcers were induced using Indomethacin in four groups and group 1 was administered Artesunate, group 2 received Artesunate-Amodiaquine, group 3 received Artemether-Lumefantrine, and group 4 was a positive control (normal saline). Group five was the negative control consisting of healthy rats. Results: Antimalarial combination therapies were associated with a high gastric ulcer index than a single antimalarial agent, Artesunate. In addition, levels of MDA were significantly higher in the combination of therapies while levels of GSH were lower in comparison to Artesunate and the negative control. Microscopically, antimalarial combination therapies were associated with severe inflammation and tissue damage than Artesunate in the gastric mucosa showing that antimalarial combination therapies exert their toxic effects through oxidative stress mechanisms, and this leads to apoptosis. Findings in this study demonstrate a new to revisit information on the pharmacodynamics of major circulating antimalarial agents in developing countries.

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Correction to: Antimalarial combination therapies increase gastric ulcers through an imbalance of basic antioxidative-oxidative enzymes in male Wistar rats

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-020-05084-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhamudu Kalange ◽

Miriam Nansunga ◽

Keneth Iceland Kasozi ◽

Josephine Kasolo ◽

Jackline Namulema ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Oxidative Enzymes ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Combination Therapies ◽

Male Wistar Rats

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Effects of Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Leaf Extract on Crude Oil-induced Toxicity

Galician Medical Journal ◽

10.21802/gmj.2020.3.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. E202031

Author(s):

Fidelis Ifeakachuku Achuba ◽

Charles Offor

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Aqueous Ethanol ◽

Animal Feed ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Oxidative Enzymes ◽

Chromolaena Odorata ◽

Crude Petroleum ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Group B

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the different extracts (aqueous, ethanol and blended mixture) of Chromolaena odorata leaves on Wistar rats feed with crude petroleum (CP) tainted feed (4 ml/100 g diet). Materials and methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats weighing 140 -180 g were used for this study. The rats were kept one in a cage. Group A which was the control was allowed diet free of crude oil and were not treated with any of the extracts. Group B were exposed to a diet contaminated with crude oil that contained 4ml of crude oil per 100 gram of animal feed without treatment. Groups C-E were fed with diets contaminated with 4ml of crude oil per 100g of feed and treated with 500mg/Kg-1 bodyweight of aqueous, ethanol and blended mixture of ethanol and aqueous extracts, respectively. The respective extracts and blended mixture were given daily to the rats via oral gavage in line with body weights. The study was for duration of twenty eight days after which the rats were sacrificed under sedation with chloroform. This was followed with collection of blood samples and organs of interest. All samples were stored at 40C and used within forty eight hour for various biochemical analyses. Results: There were significant decrease in haematological indices, liver proteins, oxidative enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes when compare with Group 1. Also, liver function maker enzymes, white blood cells (WBC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased by petroleum intoxication. Significant increase were observed in Hb, PCV, RBC, SO, MO, XO, SOD, CAT, albumin, total protein in the serum, liver and kidney; as against decreases in WBC, AST, ALT, ALP and MDA in rats fed crude petroleum (CP) tainted feed that was treated with C. odorata extract. Conclusion: This study showed that administration of C. odorata leaves extracts to rats prevented health risk associated with crude petroleum toxicity.

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MODULATION OF B-LYMPHOCYTES ACTIVITY BY CHOLINOTROPIC DRUGS BEFORE WATER-IMMERSION STRESS

Medical academic journal ◽

10.17816/maj191s1209-210 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1S) ◽

pp. 209-210

Author(s):

G I Nezhinskaya ◽

I B Krylova

Keyword(s):

B Lymphocytes ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Effective Prevention ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Stomach Damage

The aim of the work was to study the effect of modulation of B-lymphocytes activity with cholinotropic drugs on the stomach damage caused by water-immersion stress (WIS). The work was performed on male Wistar rats. Atropine (2 mg/kg), methacin (2 mg/kg) and choline alfoscerat (90 mg/kg) were administered 14 days before the WIS which lasted for 5 hours. The number of antibody-producing cells (APC) in spleen and the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgM in blood were determined. The rats injected with saline were served as the control. On day 14 after administration of methacin or choline alfoscerat, but not atropine, an increase in the APC content in the spleen was observed comparing with control. At the same time, there was a significant decrease in the number of gastric ulcers. Thus on the model of water-immersion stress (WIS), it has been shown that B-lymphocytes can serve as a new target for the action of cholinotropic drugs, and modulation of their activity can provide effective prevention against stress.

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Comparative effects of commonly used Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) on reproductive parameters in male wistar rats

MOJ Bioequivalence & Bioavailability ◽

10.15406/mojbb.2018.05.00090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Seriki A Samuel ◽

Dare Ayobami ◽

Allahyafi E Jane

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

Combination Therapies ◽

Male Wistar Rats

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Useful Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Gastric Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Serum Malondialdehyde Level During Endurance Training in Male Wistar Rats

Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.5812/zjrms.89021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ali Gorzi ◽

Mozhgan Asadi

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

The Body ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Gastric Tissue ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Background: Strenuous endurance training compromises the antioxidant defenses of the body and attempts to find supplements to heal gastric ulcers induced by strenuous endurance training are increasing. Objectives: Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating the effects of curcumin supplementation during nine weeks of endurance training on gastric antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase; SOD) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA) of serum in male Wistar rats. Methods: The current applied research was conducted on 26 male Wistar rats aged nine weeks and weighed 215.87 ± 20.49 g. After one week of acclimation to training, the rats were randomly assigned to four groups: the control, curcumin, endurance, and endurance + curcumin. During the nine weeks (five sessions per week), the rats performed an incremental endurance training (up to 70 minutes at 35 m/minute), and the curcumin supplement at 30 mg/kg of body weight was injected intraperitoneally three times per week. SOD activity was assayed by the spectrophotometric method, and serum MDA level was measured utilizing the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. For data analysis, ANOVA was employed using SPSS version 24. Results: The results of the study revealed that strenuous endurance training significantly reduced the activity of the gastric SOD enzyme (P < 0.05) and increased serum MDA level (P < 0.05), while curcumin supplementation increased gastric SOD enzyme activity, decreased serum MDA level, and resulted in the restoration of antioxidant defenses. Conclusions: Prolonged strenuous endurance training induces oxidative stress to gastric tissue, and curcumin supplementation restores the antioxidant defense of the gastric tissue and body.

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Structural and functional renal alterations in five-sixth nephrectomized rats on unrestricted diet

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010014333x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 342-343

Author(s):

I. Stachura ◽

M. Pardo ◽

J. Costello ◽

D.M. Landwehr

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Renal Damage ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Phosphate Intake ◽

Dietary Restrictions ◽

Severe Reduction ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Unrestricted Diet ◽

Progressive Renal Insufficiency

Under experimental conditions severe reduction of renal mass results in the hyperfiltration of the remaining nephrons leading to a progressive renal insufficiency. Similar changes are observed in patients with various renal disorders associated with a loss of the functioning nephrons. The progression of renal damage is accelerated by high protein and phosphate intake, and may be modified by the dietary restrictions.We studied 50 five-sixth nephrectarrized male Wistar rats on a standard diet (Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001 Ralston Purina Co., Richmond, Indiana; containing 23.4% protein) over a 20 week period.

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Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000654 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masoud Nasiri ◽

Saja Ahmadizad ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Tayebe Zarekar ◽

Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Acute Response ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

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