scholarly journals Retrieving and processing agro-meteorological data from API-client sources using R software

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian A. Correndo ◽  
Luiz H. Moro Rosso ◽  
Ignacio A. Ciampitti
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
State University ◽  
R Software ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Yield Forecast ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Kansas State University

Abstract Objectives The main purpose of this publication is to help users (students, researchers, farmers, advisors, etc.) of weather data with agronomic purposes (e.g. crop yield forecast) to retrieve and process gridded weather data from different Application Programming Interfaces (API client) sources using R software. Data description This publication consists of a code-tutorial developed in R that is part of the data-curation process from numerous research projects carried out by the Ciampitti’s Lab, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University. We make use of three weather databases for which specific libraries were developed in R language: (i) DAYMET (Thornton et al. in https://daymet.ornl.gov/, 2019; https://github.com/bluegreen-labs/daymetr), (ii) NASA-POWER (Sparks in J Open Source Softw 3:1035, 2018; https://github.com/ropensci/nasapower), and (iii) Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data (CHIRPS) (Funk et al. in Sci Data 2:150066, 2015; https://github.com/ropensci/chirps). The databases offer different weather variables, and vary in terms of spatio-temporal coverage and resolution. The tutorial shows and explain how to retrieve weather data from multiple locations at once using latitude and longitude coordinates. Additionally, it offers the possibility to create relevant variables and summaries that are of agronomic interest such as Shannon Diversity Index (SDI) of precipitation, abundant and well distributed rainfall (AWDR), growing degree days (GDD), crop heat units (CHU), extreme precipitation (EPE) and temperature events (ETE), reference evapotranspiration (ET0), among others.

scholarly journals Examining the role of wind in human illness due to pesticide drift in Washington state, 2000–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Kasner ◽  
Joanne B. Prado ◽  
Michael G. Yost ◽  
Richard A. Fenske
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
Pesticide Drift ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Background Pesticides play an important role in protecting the food supply and the public’s health from pests and diseases. By their nature, pesticides can be toxic to unintended target organisms. Changing winds contribute to pesticide drift— the off-target movement of pesticides—and can result in occupational and bystander illness. Methods We systematically linked historical weather data to documented pesticide drift illnesses. We used Washington State Department of Health data to identify 252 drift events that included 690 confirmed cases of illness from 2000 to 2015. To characterize wind speed and direction at the time of the events, we paired these data with meteorological data from a network of 171 state weather stations. We report descriptive statistics and the spatio-temporal extent of drift events and compare applicator-reported weather conditions to those from nearby meteorological stations. Results Most drift events occurred in tree fruit (151/252 = 60%). Ground spraying and aerial applications accounted for 68% and 23% of events, respectively; 69% of confirmed cases were workers, and 31% were bystanders. Confirmed cases were highest in 2014 (129) from 22 events. Complete applicator spray records were available for 57 drift events (23%). Average applicator-reported wind speeds were about 0.9 m •sec− 1 (2 mi •hr− 1) lower than corresponding speeds from the nearest weather station values. Conclusions Drift events result from a complex array of factors in the agricultural setting. We used known spatio-temporal aspects of drift and historical weather data to characterize these events, but additional research is needed to put our findings into practice. Particularly critical for this analysis is more accurate and complete information about location, time, wind speed, and wind direction. Our findings can be incorporated into new training materials to improve the practice of pesticide application and for better documentation of spray drift events. A precision agriculture approach offers technological solutions that simplify the task of tracking pesticide spraying and weather conditions. Public health investigators will benefit from improved meteorological data and accurate application records. Growers, applicators, and surrounding communities will also benefit from the explanatory and predictive potential of wind ramping studies.

Student and Institutional Achievements during an OIE Veterinary Education Twinning Project Collaboration between Sokoine University of Agriculture and Kansas State University

2020 ◽  
pp. e20190121
Author(s):  
Tesfaalem Tekleghiorghis Sebhatu ◽  
Rudovick Kazwala ◽  
Derek Mosier ◽  
Maulilio Kipanyula ◽  
Amandus Muhairwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State University ◽  
Veterinary Education ◽  
Kansas State University

scholarly journals Cultivating Textbook Alternatives From the Ground Up: One Public University’s Sustainable Model for Open and Alternative Educational Resource Proliferation

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Lashley ◽  
Rebel Cummings-Sauls ◽  
Andrew B. Bennett ◽  
Brian L. Lindshield
Keyword(s):  
Public Universities ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Educational Resource ◽  
Faculty Participation ◽  
State University ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Kansas State University ◽  
Open Materials

<p class="3">This note from the field reviews the sustainability of an institution-wide program for adopting and adapting open and alternative educational resources (OAER) at Kansas State University (K-State). Developed in consult of open textbook initiatives at other institutions and modified around the needs and expectations of K-State students and faculty, this initiative proposes a sustainable means of incentivizing faculty participation via institutional support, encouraging the creation and maintenance of OAER through recurring funding, promoting innovative realizations of “educational resources” beyond traditional textbooks, and rallying faculty participation in adopting increasingly open textbook alternatives. The history and resulting structure of the initiative raise certain recommendations for how public universities may sustainably offset student textbook costs while also empowering the pedagogies of educators via a more methodical approach to adopting open materials.</p>

scholarly journals Utilising Open Geospatial Data to Refine Weather Variables for Building Energy Performance Evaluation—Incident Solar Radiation and Wind-Driven Infiltration Modelling

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
Kristian Skeie ◽  
Arild Gustavsen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Web Service ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Building Site ◽  
Incident Solar Radiation

In building thermal energy characterisation, the relevance of proper modelling of the effects caused by solar radiation, temperature and wind is seen as a critical factor. Open geospatial datasets are growing in diversity, easing access to meteorological data and other relevant information that can be used for building energy modelling. However, the application of geospatial techniques combining multiple open datasets is not yet common in the often scripted workflows of data-driven building thermal performance characterisation. We present a method for processing time-series from climate reanalysis and satellite-derived solar irradiance services, by implementing land-use, and elevation raster maps served in an elevation profile web-service. The article describes a methodology to: (1) adapt gridded weather data to four case-building sites in Europe; (2) calculate the incident solar radiation on the building facades; (3) estimate wind and temperature-dependent infiltration using a single-zone infiltration model and (4) including separating and evaluating the sheltering effect of buildings and trees in the vicinity, based on building footprints. Calculations of solar radiation, surface wind and air infiltration potential are done using validated models published in the scientific literature. We found that using scripting tools to automate geoprocessing tasks is widespread, and implementing such techniques in conjunction with an elevation profile web service made it possible to utilise information from open geospatial data surrounding a building site effectively. We expect that the modelling approach could be further improved, including diffuse-shading methods and evaluating other wind shelter methods for urban settings.

scholarly journals Relationship between High School Student Participation in State-level Future Farmers of America Career Development Events and Matriculation at the Host University: A Case Study in Horticulture at Kansas State University

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 862-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Williams ◽  
Chad T. Miller ◽  
Ward Upham
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Career Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Farmers Of America ◽  
State University ◽  
School Students ◽  
Kansas State University ◽  
Career Development Events

In recent years, many horticulture departments around the United States have been concerned with recruiting and retaining an adequate number of students. One potential recruitment opportunity is the horticulture Future Farmers of America (FFA) Career Development Events (CDEs). For the time period of 1999 to 2012 (14 years), 1462 students participated in the annual state-level horticulture contests, comprising floriculture and nursery/landscape CDEs, held at Kansas State University (KSU). Using the rosters from these two CDEs, we referenced the university’s student information database to determine whether the high school students who participated as FFA horticulture CDE contestants ultimately matriculated to KSU. Fifty-two percent of former FFA horticulture CDE participants were accepted to KSU and 32% matriculated. Of these, 58% enrolled in the College of Agriculture and 19% majored in horticulture. Therefore, 3.5% of total horticulture CDE participants majored in horticulture at KSU. Students who participated in more than one horticulture CDE over time were more likely to major in horticulture at KSU compared with students who competed only once. Thirty-nine percent of students who participated in both horticulture CDEs pursued a baccalaureate program in horticulture. These two student characteristics could be used as indicator data points to target recruitment of future horticulture students. Data about the high school programs that generated contest participants were also summarized. Exceling in the CDE contests was not an indicator CDE participants would pursue a baccalaureate degree in horticulture. These analyses suggest FFA CDEs have some potential to optimize student recruitment efforts.

scholarly journals Development of a Recombinant Nucleoprotein-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Quantification of Antibodies against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Witte ◽  
Cindy Chard-Bergstrom ◽  
Thomas A. Loughin ◽  
Sanjay Kapil
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
State University ◽  
Kansas State University ◽  
Porcine Respiratory

ABSTRACT A rapid, inexpensive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantitate antibodies to porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) in serum was developed using a recombinant PRRSV nucleoprotein (rN). The sensitivity (85.3%) and specificity (81.7%) of the Kansas State University ELISA were good, correlating well (82.4%) with the IDEXX HerdChek ELISA.

Undergraduate Program Revision at Kansas State University

1973 ◽  
Vol 55 (4_Part_1) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sjo ◽  
Frank Orazem ◽  
Arlo Biere
Keyword(s):  
State University ◽  
Undergraduate Program ◽  
Kansas State University

Rainfall estimates from opportunistic sensors in Germany across spatio-temporal scales – Geostatistical interpolation framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micha Eisele ◽  
Maximilian Graf ◽  
Abbas El Hachem ◽  
Jochen Seidel ◽  
Christian Chwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Urban Catchment ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Geostatistical Interpolation ◽  
Primary Network ◽  
Ground Measurement ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Spatio Temporal

&lt;p&gt;Precipitation - highly variable in space and time - is the most important input for many hydrological models. As these models become more and more detailed in space and time, high-resolution input data are required. Especially for modeling and prediction in fast reacting catchments, such as urban catchment areas, a higher space-time resolution is needed than the current ground measurement networks operated by national weather services usually provide. With the increasing number and availability of opportunistic sensors such as commercial microwave links (CMLs) and personal weather stations (PWS) in recent years, new opportunities for measuring meteorological data are emerging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We developed a geostatistical interpolation framework which allows a combination of different opportunistic sensors and their specific features and geometric properties, e.g. point and line information. In this framework, a combined kriging approach is introduced, taking into account not only the point information of a reliable primary network, e.g., from national weather services, but also the higher uncertainty of the PWS- and CML-based precipitation. The path-averaged information of the CMLs is included through a block kriging-type approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The methodology was applied for two 7-months periods in Germany using an hourly temporal and a 1x1 km spatial resolution. By incorporating CMLs and PWS, the Pearson correlation could be increased from 0.56 to 0.73 compared to using only primary network for interpolation. The resulting precipitation maps also provided good agreement compared to gauge adjusted radar products.&lt;/p&gt;

Feminism and the Education of Women

1976 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Florence Howe
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Women's Studies ◽  
Women's History ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
State University ◽  
History Of Higher Education ◽  
Women’S Studies ◽  
Education Of Women ◽  
Kansas State University ◽  
Women’S History

This essay grew out of an attempt to discover, through a search in the archives of nine colleges and universities, whether curriculum could be found that was not male-centered and male-biased. While the search for curriculum that included women's history and achievements proved fruitless, the research illuminated controlling feminist assumptions behind three phases of women's education: the seminary movement that established secondary education for women; the movement that established elite women's colleges; and the current women's studies movement. The author also reviews some aspects of coeducation — at Oberlin and at Kansas State University — that reflect the first phase. In its first phase, feminists interested in the education of women claimed only that women needed higher education in order to teach young children, either as paid teachers (until they married) or as mothers. The curriculum offered to women was, therefore, different from (and less demanding than) that being offered to men in colleges at the time. Indeed, seminaries could not claim to be colleges for women. In its second phase, feminists interested in the education of women insisted that women could and should study what men did: the curriculum was the “men's curriculum.” Today, we have both tendencies present, along with a third, the seven-year old women's studies movement that for the first time in the history of higher education for women has challenged male hegemony over the curriculum and over knowledge itself. The movement aims to transform the curriculum through the study of women's history, achievements, status, and potential.

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