scholarly journals Heroin overdose masquerades as methomyl poisoning: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutti Amornlertwatana ◽  
Paitoon Narongchai ◽  
Siripun Narongchai
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Family ◽  
Suicidal Death ◽  
Heroin Intoxication

Abstract Background Methomyl is the most common cause of suicidal death but heroin is the most common cause of accidental death. The problem is to determine the exact cause and manner of death between methomyl or heroin toxicity. The evidence from autopsy includes crime scene investigation, toxicological analysis by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and knowledge of methomyl and heroin intoxication. Case presentation A 35-year-old Thai man and a 30-year-old Thai woman were found showing evidence of cyanosis, with a fine froth around the nose and mouth. Postmortem interval time was 24 hours. According to the police’s and hotel owner’s records, the couple stayed together for 1 day before being found dead in bed, naked, with a foul and a fine froth around the nose and mouth. A methomyl insecticide sachet and a plastic box containing white powder form of heroin were found at the scene. Laboratory tests of the male corpse identified the presence of methomyl in the blood of the stomach and morphine, codeine, methadone, and tramadol in the systemic blood. Blood cholinesterase enzyme activity and morphine concentration was 3416 U/L or 53% (normal 6400 U/L) and 0.058 μg/ml respectively. Laboratory test of the female corpse identified the presence of methomyl in the stomach and blood, and cholinesterase enzyme activity was 1965 U/L or 30.7%. Conclusions Cause of death of the male corpse was deemed to be due to heroin intoxication as the blood concentration of morphine was more than the lethal concentration with a morphine/codeine ratio of more than 1:1. Methomyl intoxication of the male corpse was unlikely to be the cause of death because methomyl systemic blood concentration was found to be very low, < 2.5 μg/ml, and cholinesterase enzyme levels did not indicate lethal activity (< 10–15% of normal). The main problem regarding an insurance claim is that the policy will not pay out in the case of heroin-associated deaths, as it is an addictive drug. The policy would pay out on death by suicide with methomyl insecticide, which was not prohibited by the insurance company after 1 year of insurance. So, it is not clear whether or not the family will receive money from the insurance company.

scholarly journals PATTERN OF MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSIES CONDUCTED AT TIRUPATI, ANDHRA PRADESH: A 3-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-125
Author(s):  
K. JYOTI PRASAD ◽  
B. VENKATESULU ◽  
M. ABDUL KHALID
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Medical College

Objectives: Death of an individual is a grave loss to the family and community at large. Death may be natural or unnatural. Analysis of unnatural deaths helps in understanding the causes, manner, and modes of deaths, thereby formulate and implement a proper policy to reduce incidence. Methods: This is a retrospective study of autopsies conducted over 3 years (2018–2020) in the mortuary of Sri Venkateshwara Medical College, Tirupati. During this period, 2579 autopsies were performed. Required data were collected from the requisitions of police, inquest reports, case sheets, medicolegal register, and postmortem reports in a preformed pro forma. Results: Out of the 2579 cases, majority were in the age group of 21–30 years (34.62%) followed by 41–50 years (18.06%). Male-to-female ratio was 2.5:1. Majority were Hindus (83.52%) and most of the subjects belonged to the rural areas (62.89%). Majority were married (78.40%). The most common cause of death was road traffic accident (48.04%) followed by poisoning (15.82%). Accidental deaths were the most common manner of death (60.56%) followed by suicides (33.96%). Conclusion: The present study reveals that the most cases were in 21–30 years age group. Males outnumbered females and the subjects were mostly married and were from rural areas. Road traffic accidents were common cause of death in males and poisoning was the common cause of death in females.

scholarly journals Profile of autopsy cases in central level hospital of Nepal. A retrospective study of two years

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Madan Prasad Baral
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Blunt Injury ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Firearm Injury ◽  
Unnatural Death ◽  
Suicidal Death ◽  
Death Cases ◽  
Level Hospital ◽  
Central Level

Background: Autopsy is a systemic scientific examination of dead body by the help of which information about the cause of death can be obtained in unnatural death cases. Various countries have to follow their own law to perform an autopsy. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to analyze the pattern of autopsy cases with manner and various cause of death, which was conducted in central level hospital. Material and Methods: It is a retrospective type record based study conducted in two years period at central level hospital of Nepal in 775 corpse. Result: Out of 775 cases of autopsy, 465 males and 310 females which accounts 60% of male and 40% of female cases.In context of age group the highest number of cases came for autopsy is 21-30 years of age group which accounts 39.35% of total cases followed by 31-40 years of age group and accounts 31.61% of total cases. Suicidal death cases are the highest number of cases presented 59.09% for autopsy. This is followed by accidental deaths of 27.48% and thenundetermined 9.29% and lastly homicidal 4.12%. Regarding the cause of death blunt injury cases are highly presented with 44.54% and the firearm injury cases are presented very less with only 0.25% in total 775 cases. Conclusion: In the current study it can be concluded that the Medico legal autopsy was performed in 775 corpse in a period of 2 years at central level hospital where the Male cases are predominated over Female with presence of the highest number of cases in an age group of 21-30 years. Suicidal manner of death cases are highest in number with the leading cause of death as Blunt injury.

Energy-Sensing Pathways in Ischemia: The Counterbalance Between AMPK and mTORC

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 4763-4770
Author(s):  
Angel Cespedes ◽  
Mario Villa ◽  
Irene Benito-Cuesta ◽  
Maria J. Perez-Alvarez ◽  
Lara Ordoñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Energy Sensing ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

: Stroke is an important cause of death and disability, and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. In humans, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is the most common cause of ischemic stroke. The damage occurs due to the lack of nutrients and oxygen contributed by the blood flow. : The present review aims to analyze to what extent the lack of each of the elements of the system leads to damage and which mechanisms are unaffected by this deficiency. We believe that the specific analysis of the effect of lack of each component could lead to the emergence of new therapeutic targets for this important brain pathology.

scholarly journals Suicide prevention in low- and middle-income countries: part perceptions, partial solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 211 (5) ◽  
pp. 264-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

SummarySuicide, a common cause of death in many low- and middle-income countries, has often been viewed through a medical/psychiatric lens. Such perspectives medicalise social and personal distress and suggest individual and medication-based treatments. This editorial argues for the need to examine suicide from a public health perspective and suggests the need for population-based social and economic interventions.

BOY HARMED BY LEAD TO GET $1.5 MILLION IN COURT SETTLEMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-557
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Circuit Court ◽  
Milwaukee County ◽  
Lead Dust ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Federal Standard ◽  
The City

A 5-year old boy who was poisoned by lead during his landlord's attempts to clear his apartment of lead-based paint will receive up to $1.5 million over his lifetime from the landlord's insurance company. The boy has attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. In reports filed with the Milwaukee County Circuit Court, doctors said the disorder had either been caused by the lead poisoning or had been made worse by it. ...In the summer of 1991, the city health department discovered that the boy's blood contained lead levels that were three times the Federal health standard. In June 1992, the city ordered the owners of the apartment building, a converted 65-year-old frame house, to begin removing the lead-based paint. But instead of alleviating the victim's problem, their scraping of the paint spread lead dust throughout the home. As a result, lead levels increased to eight times the Federal standard. The family sued, contending negligence.

scholarly journals Certification of Vehicular Hyperthermia Deaths in the Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-662
Author(s):  
Reade A. Quinton
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Medical Examiners ◽  
In Infants And Children

The investigation of vehicular hyperthermia deaths in infants and children requires coordination between the autopsy, clinical history, and scene investigation. Unfortunately, autopsy findings can be limited or nonspecific, clinical history may be unavailable, and details concerning ambient temperature and vehicular temperature may be vague. In cases where hyperthermia is established as the cause of death, the certification of manner of death can be challenging and inconsistent among medical examiners. This article provides an overview of vehicular hyperthermia deaths and the certification of cause and manner of death in these cases.

scholarly journals Choroidal Tubercles, an Ocular Presentation in Tuberculosis- a Retrospective Observational Hospital-based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rohit Raina ◽  
Neha Chhabra
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Hospital Record ◽  
Record System ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

Aim: To find the prevalence of choroidal tubercles in tuberculosis patients. Introduction: Tuberculosis is the most common cause of infectious cause of death especially in endemic countries. Tuberculosis infection spreads hematogenously from primary infection site to rest of the body. Ocular presentation manifests in the form of choroidal tubercles being the most common fundus change. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective, observational hospital-based study. Total 100 tuberculosis patients were studied and their data were collected from Hospital record system from February 2020 to March 2021. Fundus examinations were reviewed and most common ocular presentation was found to be choroidal tubercles. Observations and Results: During the study period, out of 100 patients, 60% were females and 40% were males. Fundus changes were present in 14% patients and these were choroidal tubercles in 12% patients and papillitis in 2%. Choroidal tubercles were present in 7 females and 5 males. Conclusion: We concluded that choroidal tubercles is one of the most common form of ocular tuberculosis. Detection of choroidal inflammation can prevent visual loss as the ocular lesion resolves fully with timely management.

scholarly journals Causes of death in patients with long outliving period injured in traffic accidents

2002 ◽  
Vol 130 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Micic ◽  
Slobodan Nikolic ◽  
Zoran Mihailovic
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Initial Injury

As long as a direct chain of events can be traced from the injury to the death, then the initial injury must be considered to be the basic cause of death, and this fact may have profound legal implications for both civil compensation and criminal responsibility. Some of the most difficult problems in forensic pathology concern deaths from which posttraumatic complications are disputed as being fatal causative factors. The agony and dying are irreversible dynamic patho-physiological processes. By autopsy only the morphological consequences of these processes could be noted by dissector. The dynamics of dying, direct correlation between initial injury and death, as well as appearance and development of complications provoked by trauma could be established only by clinical medical data. Therefore medical clinical data are critical for forensic pathologists and for solving the problems about the mode and manner of death in cases with long outliving period. Microscopical findings have only academic and scientific importance and are less useful in daily practice. The authors suggest that all complications of injury must be generally involved in autopsy reports, and all severe injuries should separately be registrated both in medical data and autopsy reports. The finding of cause of death must include all observed severe injuries and not only one of the most severe injuries and its complications.

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