scholarly journals Potential roles and prognostic significance of exosomes in cancer drug resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Mostafazadeh ◽  
Nasser Samadi ◽  
Houman Kahroba ◽  
Behzad Baradaran ◽  
Sanya Haiaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Acquired Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer

AbstractDrug resistance is a major impediment in cancer therapy which strongly reduces the efficiency of anti-cancer drugs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with cup or spherical shape with a size range of 40–150 nm released by eukaryotic cells that contain genetic materials, proteins, and lipids which mediate a specific cell-to-cell communication. The potential roles of exosomes in intrinsic and acquired drug resistance have been reported in several studies. Furthermore, a line of evidence suggested that the content of exosomes released from tumor cells in biological samples may be associated with the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. In this review, we highlighted the recent studies regarding the potential roles of exosomes in tumor initiation, progression, and chemoresistance. This study suggests the possible role of exosomes for drug delivery and their contents in prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy in cancer patients.

scholarly journals The Hippo Signaling Pathway in Drug Resistance in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Renya Zeng ◽  
Jixin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hippo Pathway ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Hippo Signaling ◽  
Hippo Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Number Of Cycles

Chemotherapy represents one of the most efficacious strategies to treat cancer patients, bringing advantageous changes at least temporarily even to those patients with incurable malignancies. However, most patients respond poorly after a certain number of cycles of treatment due to the development of drug resistance. Resistance to drugs administrated to cancer patients greatly limits the benefits that patients can achieve and continues to be a severe clinical difficulty. Among the mechanisms which have been uncovered to mediate anti-cancer drug resistance, the Hippo signaling pathway is gaining increasing attention due to the remarkable oncogenic activities of its components (for example, YAP and TAZ) and their druggable properties. This review will highlight current understanding of how the Hippo signaling pathway regulates anti-cancer drug resistance in tumor cells, and currently available pharmacological interventions targeting the Hippo pathway to eradicate malignant cells and potentially treat cancer patients.

Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway as a New Mechanism to Exploit Cancer Drug Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 779-787
Author(s):  
Kajal Ghosal ◽  
Christian Agatemor ◽  
Richard I. Han ◽  
Amy T. Ku ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Fanconi Anemia ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Repair Pathway ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Chemotherapy employs anti-cancer drugs to stop the growth of cancerous cells, but one common obstacle to the success is the development of chemoresistance, which leads to failure of the previously effective anti-cancer drugs. Resistance arises from different mechanistic pathways, and in this critical review, we focus on the Fanconi Anemia (FA) pathway in chemoresistance. This pathway has yet to be intensively researched by mainstream cancer researchers. This review aims to inspire a new thrust toward the contribution of the FA pathway to drug resistance in cancer. We believe an indepth understanding of this pathway will open new frontiers to effectively treat drug-resistant cancer.

Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to overcome anti-cancer drug resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 100663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silpa Narayanan ◽  
Chao-Yun Cai ◽  
Yehuda G. Assaraf ◽  
Hui-Qin Guo ◽  
Qingbin Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Proteasome Pathway

scholarly journals A Compendium of Information on the Lysosome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Bouhamdani ◽  
Dominique Comeau ◽  
Sandra Turcotte
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Signaling Organelles

For a long time, lysosomes were considered as mere waste bags for cellular constituents. Thankfully, studies carried out in the past 15 years were brimming with elegant and crucial breakthroughs in lysosome research, uncovering their complex roles as nutrient sensors and characterizing them as crucial multifaceted signaling organelles. This review presents the scientific knowledge on lysosome physiology and functions, starting with their discovery and reviewing up to date ground-breaking discoveries highlighting their heterogeneous functions as well as pending questions that remain to be answered. We also review the roles of lysosomes in anti-cancer drug resistance and how they undergo a series of molecular and functional changes during malignant transformation which lead to tumor aggression, angiogenesis, and metastases. Finally, we discuss the strategy of targeting lysosomes in cancer which could lead to the development of new and effective targeted therapies.

scholarly journals Epigenomic study identifies a novel mesenchyme homeobox2-GLI1 transcription axis involved in cancer drug resistance, overall survival and therapy prognosis in lung cancer patients

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (40) ◽  
pp. 67056-67081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel Armas-López ◽  
Patricia Piña-Sánchez ◽  
Oscar Arrieta ◽  
Enrique Guzman de Alba ◽  
Blanca Ortiz-Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance
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