scholarly journals The surfacing portion of the Iceberg of the Domestic Violence Phenomenon—data from the Israeli National Trauma Registry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bella Savitsky ◽  
Irina Radomislensky ◽  
Sharon Goldman ◽  
Arielle Kaim ◽  
A. Acker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
National Trauma ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Jewish Immigrants

Abstract Background Domestic violence against women, which is an ancient phenomenon, is still thriving worldwide. The burden of domestic violence that is non-fatal on scene and its consequences in Israel are unknown. The purpose of this study was to provide evidence-based data regarding domestic violence-related hospitalizations among women in Israel. Methods The study is a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients included in the Israeli National Trauma Registry between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2020. All women aged 14 and older, hospitalized due to a violence-related injury in one of the six-level I Trauma Centers or one of the 15 regional Trauma Centers in Israel were included (n = 676). Results Domestic violence contributes to moderate, severe, and critical injuries in a quarter of abused hospitalized women. Among these women, 20% underwent surgery, and in-hospital mortality was recorded for 2% of the patients. For most cases (53%), the spouse or ex-spouse caused the injury. The family relationship with the perpetrator was distributed differently between the population groups. The proportion of brothers who attacked sisters was greatest among Arabs (14.4%), while the phenomenon of attacking a mother was infrequent in the Arab sub-group. In contrast, among Jewish women, the proportion of those injured by a son was high, especially among the group of Jewish immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) (17%) and other countries (26%). In a multivariable logistic regression model with at least moderate injury as a dependent variable, in comparison to Israeli Arabs, Jews had a higher odds for sustaining at least moderate injuries, while the odds of Jewish immigrants not from FSU or Ethiopia were the highest (OR = 4.5, 95% CI 2.0–9.9). The annual hospitalization risk was 1.3/100,000 and 5.8/100,000, respectively for Jews and Arabs in 2020, almost fivefold higher among Arab women in comparison to Jewish women (RR = 4.6, 95% CI 2.9–7.3). Conclusions Domestic violence prevention should pay special attention to populations at risk, such as Arab women and new immigrants, as those women are especially vulnerable and often without sufficient family support and lack of economic resources to exit the trap of domestic violence. The collaboration between social and health services, the police, and the local authorities is crucial.

scholarly journals (A43) Are Injuries due to Terrorism and War Similar? A Comparison of Civilians and Soldiers

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s13-s13 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
National Trauma ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Hospital Resources

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare injuries and hospital utilization and outcomes from terror and war for civilians and soldiers.BackgroundInjuries from terrorism and war are not necessarily comparable, especially among civilians and soldiers. For example, civilians have less direct exposure to conflict and are unprepared for injury, whereas soldiers are psychologically and physically prepared for combat on battlefields that often are far from trauma centers. Evidence-based studies distinguishing and characterizing differences in injuries according to conflict type and population group are lacking.MethodsA retrospective study was performed using hospitalization data from the Israel National Trauma Registry (10/2000–12/2006).ResultsTerrorism and war accounted for trauma hospitalizations among 1,784 civilians and 802 soldiers. Most civilians (93%) were injured in terrorism and transferred to trauma centers by land, whereas soldiers were transferred by land and air. Critical injuries and injuries to multiple body regions were more likely due to terrorism than war. Soldiers tended to present with less severe injuries from war than from terrorism. Rates of first admission to orthopedic surgery were greater for all casualties with the exception of civilians injured in terrorism who were equally likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit. In-hospital mortality was higher among terrorism (7%) than war (2%) casualties, and particularly among civilians.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that substantial differences exist in injury characteristics and hospital resources required to treat civilians and soldiers injured in terrorism and war.

scholarly journals Management of severe trauma worldwide: implementation of trauma systems in emerging countries: China, Russia and South Africa

Critical Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Tianbing Wang ◽  
Igor Belenkiy ◽  
Timothy Craig Hardcastle ◽  
Jean-Jacques Rouby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Trauma Care ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Trauma Systems ◽  
National Trauma

AbstractAs emerging countries, China, Russia, and South Africa are establishing and/or improving their trauma systems. China has recently established a trauma system named “the Chinese Regional Trauma Care System” and covered over 200 million populations. It includes paramedic-staffed pre-hospital care, in-hospital care in certified trauma centers, trauma registry, quality assurance, continuous improvement and ongoing coverage of the entire Chinese territory. The Russian trauma system was formed in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Pre-hospital care is region-based, with a regional coordination center that determines which team will go to the scene and the nearest hospital where the victim should be transported. Physician-staffed ambulances are organized according to three levels of trauma severity corresponding to three levels of trauma centers where in-hospital care is managed by a trauma team. No national trauma registry exists in Russia. Improvements to the Russian trauma system have been scheduled. There is no unified trauma system in South Africa, and trauma care is organized by public and private emergency medical service in each province. During the pre-hospital care, paramedics provide basic or advanced life support services and transport the patients to the nearest hospital because of the limited number of trauma centers. In-hospital care is inclusive with a limited number of accredited trauma centers. In-hospital care is managed by emergency medicine with multidisciplinary care by the various specialties. There is no national trauma registry in South Africa. The South African trauma system is facing multiple challenges. An increase in financial support, training for primary emergency trauma care, and coordination of private sector, need to be planned.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Changed the Injury Patterns of Hospitalized Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Michael Rozenfeld ◽  
Kobi Peleg ◽  
Adi Givon ◽  
Miklosh Bala ◽  
Gad Shaked ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Major Health ◽  
National Trauma ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Injured Patients

AbstractIntroduction:Injury patterns are closely related to changes in behavior. Pandemics and measures undertaken against them may cause changes in behavior; therefore, changes in injury patterns during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak can be expected when compared to the parallel period in previous years.Study Objective:The aim of this study was to compare injury-related hospitalization patterns during the overall national lockdown period with parallel periods of previous years.Methods:A retrospective study was completed of all patients hospitalized from March 15 through April 30, for years 2016-2020. Data were obtained from 21 hospitals included in the national trauma registry during the study years. Clinical, demographic, and circumstantial parameters were compared amongst the years of the study.Results:The overall volume of injured patients significantly decreased during the lockdown period of the COVID-19 outbreak, with the greatest decrease registered for road traffic collisions (RTCs). Patients’ sex and ethnic compositions did not change, but a smaller proportion of children were hospitalized during the outbreak. Many more injuries were sustained at home during the outbreak, with proportions of injuries in all other localities significantly decreased. Injuries sustained during the COVID-19 outbreak were more severe, specifically due to an increase in severe injuries in RTCs and falls. The proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalizations did not change, however more surgeries were performed; patients stayed less days in hospital.Conclusions:The lockdown period of the COVID-19 outbreak led to a significant decrease in number of patients hospitalized due to trauma as compared to parallel periods of previous years. Nevertheless, trauma remains a major health care concern even during periods of high-impact disease outbreaks, in particular due to increased proportion of severe injuries and surgeries.

scholarly journals A study of ethnic, gender and educational differences in attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines in Israel – implications for vaccination implementation policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred S. Green ◽  
Rania Abdullah ◽  
Shiraz Vered ◽  
Dorit Nitzan
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey

Abstract Background Vaccines for COVID-19 are currently available for the public in Israel. The compliance with vaccination has differed between sectors in Israel and the uptake has been substantially lower in the Arab compared with the Jewish population. Aim To assess ethnic and socio-demographic factors in Israel associated with attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines prior to their introduction. Methods A national cross-sectional survey was carried out In Israel during October 2020 using an internet panel of around 100,000 people, supplemented by snowball sampling. A sample of 957 adults aged 30 and over were recruited of whom 606 were Jews (49% males) and 351 were Arabs (38% males). Results The sample of Arabs was younger than for the Jewish respondents. Among the men, 27.3% of the Jewish and 23.1% of the Arab respondents wanted to be vaccinated immediately, compared with only 13.6% of Jewish women and 12.0% of Arab women. An affirmative answer to the question as to whether they would refuse the vaccine at any stage was given by 7.7% of Jewish men and 29.9% of Arab men, and 17.2% of Jewish women and 41.0% of Arab women. Higher education was associated with less vaccine hesitancy. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the ethnic and gender differences persisted after controlling for age and education. Other factors associated with vaccine hesitancy were the belief that the government restrictions were too lenient and the frequency of socializing prior to the pandemic. Conclusions The study revealed a relatively high percentage reported would be reluctant to get vaccinated, prior to the introduction of the vaccine. This was more marked so for Arabs then Jews, and more so for women within the ethnic groups. While this was not a true random sample, the findings are consistent with the large ethnic differences in compliance with the vaccine, currently encountered and reinforce the policy implications for developing effective communication to increase vaccine adherence. Government policies directed at controlling the pandemic should include sector-specific information campaigns, which are tailored to ensure community engagement, using targeted messages to the suspected vaccine hesitant groups. Government ministries, health service providers and local authorities should join hands with civil society organizations to promote vaccine promotion campaigns.

scholarly journals 282 NESTED: National Trauma Registry Study of Deprivation

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. S101-S102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Corfield ◽  
J. Pell ◽  
D. MacKay
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
National Trauma

Diversity Through Bureaucracy: System Judges and Intersectional Diversification of the Israeli Judiciary

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-341
Author(s):  
Alon Jasper
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Career Paths ◽  
Arab Women ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Social Diversity ◽  
Administrative Roles ◽  
The Social

Abstract This article examines the role bureaucracy has in enhancing the social diversity of judiciaries. It does so by analyzing the Israeli judiciary and its reforms over the last three decades, and the interaction of these reforms with the appearance of intersectional judges—Arab women, Jewish women of Orthodox background, and Jewish women from geographic and economic peripheries—into the Israeli judiciary. Based on an original empirical study, the article shows that the career paths of intersectional judges include administrative roles in the judiciary more often than non-intersectional judges. The article further demonstrates how these administrative career paths were shaped by bureaucratic-minded reforms. The Israeli case study thus shows how the bureaucratic design of the judiciary can accommodate diversity efforts, sometimes unintendedly, and discusses the merits, boundaries, and drawbacks of such bureaucratic design.

scholarly journals HOW ADOLESCENT’S FAMILY SATISFACTION AND ATTACHMENT QUALITY CORRELATE IN CASES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Tatiana Dobrianskyj Weber
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Family Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Attachment Quality ◽  
Exposure To Domestic Violence ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Independent Variable

Abstract.This research examined the relationships between adolescents’ attachment, communication, trust and alienation with their parents and how satisfied those adolescents are with their family life with the independent variable of having or not experienced domestic violence. Data was collected using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment – Revised (IPPA – R) and the Kansas Family Life Satisfaction Scale (KFLS) and 131 adolescents participated. Results indicate a high correlation between attachment, family life satisfaction and domestic violence, with mothers’ attachment, trust and communication ranking higher than fathers’. Father communication and mother trust predict family life satisfaction and exposure to domestic violence had a direct effect on family satisfaction. Cluster analysis revealed three different group. Data shows that attachment to parents remains an important aspect of family relationship and domestic violence is a phenomenon that moderates the level of family life satisfaction. Detailed findings are presented and implications and research limits are discussed.Keywords: adolescents, domestic violence, life satisfaction, communication

How to Increase the Burden on Trauma Centers: Implement the 80-hour Work Week

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 659-663
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Schroeppel ◽  
John P. Sharpe ◽  
Louis J. Magnotti ◽  
Jordan A. Weinberg ◽  
Martin A. Croce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Trauma Registry ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Adjusted Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Period

The 80-hour week was implemented in 2003 to improve outcomes and limit errors. We hypothesize that there has been no change in outcomes postimplementation of the restrictions. Outcomes were queried from the trauma registry from 1997 to 2002 (PRE) and 2004 to 2009 (POST). Primary outcomes were mortality, intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS), and length of stay (LOS). Patients were stratified based on demographics, blood pressure, heart rate, and injury severity (Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Score, base deficit). Outcomes were then compared PRE with POST. A total of 41,770 patients were admitted during the study period. The mean age was 38 years with most being male (73%) and blunt mechanism (78%). Although patients admitted in the POST period had a slightly higher blood pressure, they were older and had higher injury severity. ICU LOS, LOS, self-pay, and mortality were higher in the POST period. After adjusted analysis, admission in the POST period was no longer a predictor of mortality (odds ratio, 1.02; confidence interval, 0.92 to 1.14). Whereas patients were more slightly more injured in the POST period, the adjusted analysis shows no difference in mortality and both a longer LOS and ICU LOS. Whether the increase is the result of more severe injury in the POST period or less efficient disposition remains to be elucidated. This study adds to the mounting evidence that the implementation of the limits on work hours does not lead to better outcomes.

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