scholarly journals Geographical information system and spatial–temporal statistics for monitoring infectious agents in hospital: a model using Klebsiella pneumoniae complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Pinho da Silva ◽  
Fabiola A. da Silva ◽  
Caio Augusto Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Leonardo Passos Souza ◽  
Elisangela Martins de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Temporal Statistics

Abstract Background The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance and infectious agents have challenged hospitals in recent decades. Our aim was to investigate the circulation of target infectious agents using Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial–temporal statistics to improve surveillance and control of healthcare-associated infection and of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), using Klebsiella pneumoniae complex as a model. Methods A retrospective study carried out in a 450-bed federal, tertiary hospital, located in Rio de Janeiro. All isolates of K. pneumoniae complex from clinical and surveillance cultures of hospitalized patients between 2014 and 2016, identified by the use of Vitek-2 system (BioMérieux), were extracted from the hospital's microbiology laboratory database. A basic scaled map of the hospital’s physical structure was created in AutoCAD and converted to QGis software (version 2.18). Thereafter, bacteria according to resistance profiles and patients with carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKp) complex were georeferenced by intensive and nonintensive care wards. Space–time permutation probability scan tests were used for cluster signals detection. Results Of the total 759 studied isolates, a significant increase in the resistance profile of K. pneumoniae complex was detected during the studied years. We also identified two space–time clusters affecting adult and paediatric patients harbouring CRKp complex on different floors, unnoticed by regular antimicrobial resistance surveillance. Conclusions In-hospital GIS with space–time statistical analysis can be applied in hospitals. This spatial methodology has the potential to expand and facilitate early detection of hospital outbreaks and may become a new tool in combating AMR or hospital-acquired infection.

scholarly journals Laboratory information system for reporting antimicrobial resistant isolates from academic hospitals, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (09) ◽  
pp. 705-718
Author(s):  
Peter Suwirakwenda Nyasulu ◽  
Jill Murray ◽  
Olga Perovic ◽  
Hendrik Koornhof
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Information System ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Laboratory Information System ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increasing Trend

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the appropriateness of Digital Innovation South Africa (DISA)-based laboratory information system (LIS) for assessing the prevalence, patterns and trends of antimicrobial resistance, and associated demographic factors. Methodology: A retrospective analysis was conducted on routine data of blood culture isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These isolates were collected by the National Health Laboratory Services between July 1, 2005 and December 31, 2009 at seven tertiary public hospitals. Factors associated with antimicrobial resistance were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Information on 9969 isolates was available, of which 3942 (39.5%), 4466 (44.8%) and 1561 (15.7%) were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Reporting of resistance across antibiotics tested was highest in patient age group less than 5 years old. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 39% on average. There was a significant increasing trend of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance to ciprofloxacin (32.6% to 64.9%, p < 0.001), cotrimoxazole (67.5% to 81.6%, p < 0.001) and cefotaxime-ceftriaxone (55.5% to 73.2%, p < 0.001) over the study period. Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to meropenem showed a significant increasing trend from 2006 (27.5%) to 2009 (53.9%) (p < 0.001). Age group < 5 years, female gender, hospital location, year of infection were significantly associated with antimicrobial resistance. Conclusions: The percentages of antimicrobial resistance were high and showed a significant increasing trend among individual agents over the duration of the study e.g. ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole among others. Continued surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among bloodstream hospital-acquired infections should be strengthened.

HIGH-RAISED BUILDINGS IN URBAN AREA CONTRIBUTES TO THE SNATCH THEFT INCIDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Anith Nabilah Mustafa ◽  
Siti Rasidah Md Sakip
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information System ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Development Area ◽  
Crime Reports ◽  
Index Crime

Snatch theft incidents are on the rise in Malaysia especially in the cities. It tends to happen in cities because there is a possibility to commit it and both crime and urban are often associated with each other. The aim of this paper is to find out whether the building with two or more levels in urban area contributes to the snatch theft incidents. The present study has been taken up to detect the hotspots of snatch theft in Selangor, Malaysia. The crime data were obtained by requesting and analysing the index crime statistical data from the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP). This study made use of the Geographical Information System (GIS) where its 3D modelling function to construct, assess and analyse the area with high snatch theft cases. The crime reports of 2010 until 2015 were geocoded and the crime maps were prepared in ArcGIS 10.2. It was found that the hotspot area is a mix-used development area which consists mainly of commercial and residential areas of more than two-level buildings. 

DATABASE DESIGN FOR E-GOVERNANCE APPLICATION: A FRAMEWORK FOR THE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF THE VIETNAM COMMITTEE FOR ETHNIC MINORITY AFFAIRS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Viet Hung ◽  
Phan Van Hung ◽  
Be Trung Anh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Base System ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Competency Based

Data mode “good governance” developed in the last century for process of sustainable base system, providing basic information and on-line services, supports the development, challenges and opportunities in the context of globalization and integration. In this paper I discuss a framework for the design of e-Local Governance (eLG) that integrates Information System (IS), Geographical Information System (GIS) and Atlas with focus on ethnic minorities in Vietnam. The design framework is based on various classifications such categories as sex, age, ethnic group, education background and income. The database system is built to enhance the Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs (CEMA) capabilities in the planning and decision making process by providing the authorities with data, internet GIS, internet communication and some ecological economic models to disseminate results to the ethnic minorities. The unique feature of the CEMADATA using GIS is that it helps users not only to improve the public services and to provide information and encourage ethnic minorities to participate in decision making processes, but also to support the competency-based training for IT staff

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