ASSESSING SAFETY LEVEL OF UTM CAMPUS BASED ON SAFE CITY CONCEPTS

Safety is an important aspect in today’s living, in urban city, residential area, and also in campus area. Several initiatives were introduced to increase the safety level, and to prevent crime from happening in the campus area, known as Safe City Concept. These initiatives included the Safe City Index, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), behavioural model, safe city urban area, safe city of smart city, and resident safety assessment. Some of this initiative focus on urban city area, or residential, besides only focus on crime prevention and not focus on the assessment of safety level for campus area. This study aims to assess the safety level for campus area, with case study of UTM Campus. To assess the safety level, a set 4 indicators, which is crime, environment, public health and emergency response, with 9 sub-indicators was identified in this study. These indicators and sub-indicators used to determine the safety level of campus area based on the Safe City Concept. The analysis used is spatial analysis on the indicator, and using weighted criteria matrix to evaluate safety level for each building in UTM campus. The results show that most the buildings in UTM are in good and high safety level, with 65% of buildings score more than 70%. For buildings was detected with highest score of 95% of safety level, while 3 buildings score lowest percentage of 53.7%. these results indicated that UTM campus area is a safe area, based on the Safe City Concept. These results can help authorities to use these indicators of Safe City Concept to assess the education campus area safety level.

Philippine National Police Initiatives in the Promotion of Peace and Order in Iligan City: Basis for Policy Recommendation

This study aimed to determine the extent of the Philippine National Police Operation initiatives in the promotion of peace and order in Iligan City as a basis for policy recommendation. This study made use of a non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing the descriptive correlational technique, frequency count, percentage, mean and standard deviation, paired t-test, and Pearson-r correlations. The respondents exhibited a high level of response that the Philippine National Police always performed the police operational procedure initiatives in the promotion of peace and order. The finding showed that overall, there was a significant relationship between the frequency of implementation of police operations and the crime rate in terms of Index and non-index crime. Further studies are warranted.

Mining the crime data using naïve Bayes model

<p>A massive number of documents on crime has been handled by police departments worldwide and today's criminals are becoming technologically elegant. One obstacle faced by law enforcement is the complexity of processing voluminous crime data. Approximately 439 crimes have been registered in sanchez mira municipality in the past seven years. Police officers have no clear view as to the pattern crimes in the municipality, peak hours, months of the commission and the location where the crimes are concentrated. The naïve Bayes modelis a classification algorithm using the Rapid miner auto model which is used and analyze the crime data set. This approach helps to recognize crime trends and of which, most of the crimes committed were a violation of special penal laws. The month of May has the highest for index and non-index crimes and Tuesday as for the day of crimes. Hotspots were barangay centro 1 for non-index crimes and barangay centro 2 for index crimes. Most non-index crimes committed were violations of special law and for index crime rape recorded the highest crime and usually occurs at 2 o’clock in the afternoon. The crime outcome takes various decisions to maximize the efficacy of crime solutions.</p>

HIGH-RAISED BUILDINGS IN URBAN AREA CONTRIBUTES TO THE SNATCH THEFT INCIDENTS

Snatch theft incidents are on the rise in Malaysia especially in the cities. It tends to happen in cities because there is a possibility to commit it and both crime and urban are often associated with each other. The aim of this paper is to find out whether the building with two or more levels in urban area contributes to the snatch theft incidents. The present study has been taken up to detect the hotspots of snatch theft in Selangor, Malaysia. The crime data were obtained by requesting and analysing the index crime statistical data from the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP). This study made use of the Geographical Information System (GIS) where its 3D modelling function to construct, assess and analyse the area with high snatch theft cases. The crime reports of 2010 until 2015 were geocoded and the crime maps were prepared in ArcGIS 10.2. It was found that the hotspot area is a mix-used development area which consists mainly of commercial and residential areas of more than two-level buildings.

Illegal Firearm Availability and Violence: Neighborhood-Level Analysis

Violence involving firearms poses a serious threat to public safety in urban areas. The present study examines how illegal firearm availability (IFA) is related to firearm violence at the neighborhood level. We analyzed 3 years (from 2005 to 2007) of recovered firearm and violent index crime data from Newark, New Jersey. Violent index crime is separated into three categories by level of firearm use: shootings, display of firearm violence (DFV), and no-firearm violence (NFV). Negative binominal regression was conducted to examine the relationship between IFA and firearm violence at the neighborhood level while controlling for neighborhood conditions. Firearm violence is prevalent in Newark: over 90% of homicides and 47% of robberies were committed with a firearm. IFA is related to increased shootings and NFV, but not to DFV. IFA is a robust predictor of shootings in Newark, New Jersey. Neighborhood conditions influence IFA and firearm violence. IFA may reflect neighborhood distress level, given that areas with high IFA experience increased firearm violence as well as NFV. The local clustering of violent crime suggests placed-focused policing strategies aimed at removing firearms would aid in curbing serious firearm violence in urban neighborhoods.

Assessing the Coverage and Representativeness of the National Incident-Based Reporting System

This article examines the coverage of the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) as of 2013. We use NIBRS, Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), and Supplementary Homicide Reports to assess the population coverage and index crime coverage of NIBRS. We also examine the correspondence of crime rates between the UCR and agencies that do and do not participate in NIBRS. We found that NIBRS covers 29.3% of the U.S. population and 28% of UCR index crimes. We also found that the crime rates in NIBRS jurisdictions are appreciably lower than jurisdictions that do not participate in NIBRS. As of 2013, therefore, NIBRS data are not representative of the U.S. population, crime counts, or crime rates.

Bandit Detection System under Unstructed Lighting Condition with Different Discriminant Analysis Approach

Malaysia is not unique in facing the risk of increasing world crime rate each year. Therefore, in a mission to reduce the country's index crime and at the same time to provide the people with security, the Malaysian government has placed national security at the highest order of importance through the Reducing Crime National Key Results Area (NKRA). Thus, in order fulfill this demand and challenge our enthusiasm to create a better place for our beloved country. We proudly presented a bandit detection system under unstructed lighting condition with several discriminant analysis approach. These systems would enhance the Malaysian police arm forced performance.