scholarly journals Exploring the link among food loss, waste and food security: what the research should focus on?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio G. Santeramo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Food Loss ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Research Agendas ◽  
The Impact

AbstractFood loss and food waste are highly debated topics and likely to stay in the research agendas for the next decades. Their relevance is not only important for developing economies, but also for developed economies, especially due to the impact that loss and waste have on the status of food security. In the present editorial, I comment on how research agendas should be shaped in order to focus on emerging issues, and put emphasis on the topics closely connected to the emerging literature on the circular economy.

The Impact of the Movement of Labour: Results from a Model of Bilateral Migration Flows

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1850240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrie L. Walmsley ◽  
Alan Winters ◽  
Amer Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Migration Model ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Migration Data ◽  
Economics Literature ◽  
Unskilled Labour ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
The Impact

The economics literature increasingly recognizes the importance of migration. In this paper, a bilateral global migration model is developed to investigate the impact of lifting restrictions on the movement of labour. Quotas on skilled and unskilled labour in the developed economies are increased by 3% of their labour forces, with the additional labour supplied by developing economies. This paper improves upon the previous work of Walmsley and Winters (2005). A critical weakness of the previous work was that it was unable to capture the impacts of specific bilateral migration flows or liberalizations between countries. This paper uses a bilateral global migration model that exploits migration data obtained from Parsons, Skeldon, Winters, and Walmsley (2007) that allow the model to account for bilateral migration flows. The results confirm that restrictions on migration impose significant costs on nearly all countries, with the modest liberalization increasing global GDP by US$ 288 billion. All of the developed (labour importing) economies gain in terms of real incomes. While results differ across the developing (labour exporting) economies, most gain as a result of the higher remittances sent home.

scholarly journals The Impact of Real Exchange Rate Undervaluation on Economic Growth: Evidence from Panel Cointegration Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Seraj ◽  
Cagay Coskuner ◽  
Seyi Saint Akadiri ◽  
Negar Bahadori
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Periodic Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study revisited Dani Rodrik (2008) work on real exchange rate undervaluation and economic growth by using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS). This research, to the best of authors' knowledge, is the first to use FMOLS and DOLS approach to empirically evaluate Rodrik work on the real exchange rate and economic growth using a Panel periodic data (six sets of five years) of 82 countries throughout 1990 to 2018. We used the Balassa Samuelson method to estimate the predicted real exchange rate and real exchange rate undervaluation. Finally, the study is in support of Rodrik conclusion that, real exchange undervaluation has a significant impact on the economic growth of the developing economies and statistically insignificant in the developed economies.

scholarly journals Transitioning Toward a Circular Economy: The Impact of Stakeholder Engagement on Sustainability Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela M. Salvioni ◽  
Alex Almici
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
The Impact

The circular economy transition increasingly points to the need for a change in corporate culture, namely toward sustainability. This change can be supported by improving relations with relevant stakeholders, engaging comprehensively with them, and creating strong awareness about issues such as ecosystem protection, health-related safeguards, and the careful use of resources. In this regard, through stakeholder engagement and a review of traditional business models, the circular economy can contribute to transforming the corporate culture to ensure the concurrent enhancement of economic, social, and environmental dimensions. This study verified the role of stakeholder engagement in establishing and strengthening the sustainability culture in a company transitioning toward a circular economy. The case study research methodology was applied, referencing a single firm—operating in the oil and energy industry—representing one of the best practices in the international context, even if some efforts are still required to reduce downstream emissions. The findings underline the contributing role played by stakeholder engagement in establishing values and principles compliant with environmental protection and community wellbeing. Thus, this study contributes to the existing stakeholder engagement literature and sheds light on the practical implications and emerging issues.

Sectoral analysis of productivity in the developing and developed economies of Asia-Pacific

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-71
Author(s):  
Pami Dua ◽  
Niti Khandelwal Garg
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Financial Openness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The study aims to empirically investigate the trends and determinants of labour productivity of the two broad sectors –industry and services – and their components, namely, manufacturing and market services sectors, in the case of major developing and developed economies of Asia-Pacific over the period 1980-2014 and make a comparison thereof. Design/methodology/approach The study uses econometric methodology of panel unit root tests, panel cointegration and group-mean full modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS). Findings The study finds that while capital deepening, government size, institutional quality, productivity of the other sector and financial openness affect productivity of all the sectors significantly, the impact of human capital and trade openness varies across sectors in the case of developing economies. Furthermore, the impact of technological progress becomes significant in the post-liberalization reforms period in the developing economies. The study further finds that capital deepening, human capital, government size, institutional quality, productivity of the other sector, government size and trade openness are significant determinants of productivity of all sectors of developed economies under consideration. However, the impact of technological progress is stronger for manufacturing sector than services and its components. Furthermore, while both equity and debt liabilities (as measures of financial openness) influence sectoral productivity of industry and manufacturing sectors positively and significantly in case of developed economies, only equity liabilities have a significant influence on the productivity of developing economies. This may indicate existence of more developed financial markets in the case of developed economies. Originality/value The study identifies important structural differences in determinants of productivity both across sectors and across developing and developed economies of Asia-Pacific.

scholarly journals Urbanisation and Food Security: An Overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Uzair Azizan ◽  
Maryanti Mohd Raid ◽  
Khadijah Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Food Security

Urbanisation has given significant impact to various sectors, particularly in agriculture. Essentially, agricultural production activities depend heavily on land resources. At the same time, land is also needed as vital resources for the country development. Despite of the initiative of urbanism to better the country development process, it has raised concern among the land administrator regarding the status of the national’s food security. Food security has been threatened by the needs of the physical development due to urbanisation. Therefore, this article attempts to study the impact of urbanisation on the agriculture sector and examined the role of urbanism to safeguard the land resources for food security purposes. It is hope that, this article will form an inclusive understanding regarding the idea of urbanism in pursuing the betterment of an economic progress without compromising the needs for the national food security.

scholarly journals Volatility in Discretionary Public Spending and Economic Growth: A Cross Country Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-68
Author(s):  
Muhsin Ali ◽  
Karim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact

Volatility in discretionary public spending has diverse implications for the overall economic performance of economies. In this study, we examine the impact of volatile non�systematic discretionary public spending on economic growth. By employing cross-country data of 74 developed and developing economies, we find that volatility in non-systematic discretionary public spending has an adverse impact on economic growth. In particular, such impact is severe in the case of less developed economies. Our findings are robust to the problem of endogeneity. In order to ensure the accuracy of the results, we conduct sufficient sensitivity analysis by incorporating a bunch of potential control variables. In most of the cases, the results with regard to the policy volatility remain intact. This suggests that effective spending rules, i.e. permanent numerical limits, should be imposed on budgetary aggregates to restrain governments from the volatile use of discretionary spending. JEL Classification: H3; H5 Keywords: Volatility in Discretionary Public Spending, Economic Growth, Effective Spending Rule

Appropriate and Sustainable Plant Biotechnology Applications for Food Security in Developing Economies

Biotechnology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1380-1398
Author(s):  
Vidya de Gannes ◽  
Carlos G. Borroto
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Planting Materials

Appropriate plant biotechnology applications could be a major tool in the fight against hunger and poverty, especially in developing economies. Some promising results have already been reported through a range of biotechnology applications, for example the mass propagation of plants through in vitro clonal propagation, use of molecular markers and marker assisted breeding to improve plant breeding, use of bio-products and the application of molecular techniques for quick and accurate diagnosis of plant diseases. Thus, biotechnology may have the potential to deliver solutions to some of the shortcomings of the green revolution such as the limitations of conventional breeding, poor quality and insufficient quantity of planting materials available to farmers and the negative environmental consequences of high usage of inorganic pesticides and fertilizers. This chapter will elaborate the successful application of these technologies for sustainable agriculture and food security in developing economies. It is envisaged that through partnership between developing and developed economies, and assistance from international organizations and governments, capacity can be developed for developing economies to achieve the full potential of biotechnology and sustainability.

Effect of Global Warming on Food Security

2022 ◽  
pp. 115-133
Author(s):  
Arti Yadav ◽  
Badar Alam Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Indian Food ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
The Impact

This chapter will aim to explicate the challenges posed by global warming or the climate change conditions on food security especially from the point of view of India. The negative impact of global warming has been seen, especially in developing economies, on the agricultural yields leading towards food insecurity. The four pillars of food security (i.e., availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability) are having an impact on climate change. The present study will begin by highlighting the concept of global warming. It will further provide an overview of the Indian food security system followed by the impact of global warming on the food security level in India. The study will also highlight the global warming and food security scenario in the present situation of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in India.

scholarly journals Reusing Food Waste in Food Manufacturing Companies: The Case of the Tomato-Sauce Supply Chain

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Secondi ◽  
Ludovica Principato ◽  
Luca Ruini ◽  
Matteo Guidi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Reporting Standard ◽  
Tomato Sauce ◽  
Food Loss ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Specific Food

The importance of reducing food loss and waste (FLW) has recently been emphasized at a European level with the amendment to the European Waste Framework Directive, according to which the effective reduction of food waste can be carried out by adopting a circularity approach that facilitates the transition to more sustainable management of materials. Likewise, the importance of concentrating on FLW produced within specific food supply chains has emerged as an effective starting point for quantifying the overall amount of wastage produced, emphasizing possible prevention actions as well as re-using and valorising waste. From this perspective, our study focuses on the tomato-sauce supply chain with a threefold aim. Firstly, to quantify the amount of FLW generated along the tomato-sauce supply chain from cultivation to retail; secondly, to understand the most important related causes; and thirdly, to assess if and to what extent FLW can be reused according to the Circular Economy (CE) approach. By adopting the Food Loss and Waste Accounting and Reporting Standard, the analyses focused on the production of the Barilla Tomato and Basil sauce in Italy, as well as the related inventory. It was revealed that this supply chain can be considered an example of a true circular economy, in which almost nothing is lost because more than 85% of the total FLW are valorized into alternative sectors or activities.

scholarly journals Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Developed and Developing Countries: Impact of Political Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1390-1404
Author(s):  
R.I. Vasilyeva ◽  
◽  
O.S. Mariev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The Impact

Stable political environment and prominent development of political institutions increase foreign direct investment flows by providing lower risks for investors. However, this impact can vary according to the development of the country. This study aims to investigate the impact of various indicators of political stability on foreign direct investment attraction for different economies distinguished by their development level. Our database includes 66 FDI-recipient countries and 98 FDI-investing countries for the period from 2001 to 2018. By applying the gravity approach and Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood method with instrumental variables (IV PPML), we model bilateral FDI flows, incorporating variables reflecting various aspects of political stability formed by the principal components analysis. Interestingly, we found mixed results regarding the impact of political stability on FDI flows. In particular, political stability indicators were found to be insignificant, when analysing the bilateral FDI flows for the group of developed economies. We obtained similar result for the group of developing economies. However, political stability variables significantly influence FDI flows for countries with different development level, confirming the hypothesis that countries’ development affects bilateral FDI flows. Besides, we discover the significant difference between developed and developing countries referring to FDI-investors. Based on the obtained results, we highlight a few policy implications for developing and developed economies.

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