scholarly journals Experiences of eating disorders from the perspectives of patients, family members and health care professionals: a meta-review of qualitative evidence syntheses

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Aila Gustafsson ◽  
Karin Stenström ◽  
Hanna Olofsson ◽  
Agneta Pettersson ◽  
Karin Wilbe Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Meta Review

Abstract Background Eating disorders are serious conditions that cause major suffering for patients and their families. Better knowledge about perceptions of eating disorders and their treatment, and which factors that facilitate or hinder recovery, is desired in order to develop the clinical work. We aimed to explore and synthesise experiences of eating disorders from the perspectives of those suffering from an eating disorder, their family members and health care professionals through an overarching meta-review of systematic reviews in the field. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were systematic reviews of qualitative research on experiences, perceptions, needs, or desires related to eating disorders from the perspective of patients, family members or health care professionals. Systematic reviews that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were assessed for relevance and methodological limitations by at least two researchers independently. The key findings were analysed and synthesised into themes. Results We identified 17 systematic reviews that met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 13 reviews reported on the patients’ perspective, five on the family members’ perspective, and three on the health care professionals’ perspective. The study population in the reviews was predominantly girls and young women with anorexia nervosa, whilst systematic reviews focusing on other eating disorders were scarce. The findings regarding each of the three perspectives resulted in themes that could be synthesised into three overarching themes: 1) being in control or being controlled, 2) balancing physical recovery and psychological needs, and 3) trusting relationships. Conclusions There were several similarities between the views of patients, family members and health care professionals, especially regarding the significance of building trustful therapeutic alliances that also included family members. However, the informants sometimes differed in their views, particularly on the use of the biomedical model, which was seen as helpful by health care professionals, while patients and family members felt that it failed to address their psychological distress. Acknowledging these differences is important for the understanding of anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders, and may help clinicians to broaden treatment approaches to meet the expectations of patients and family members.

scholarly journals Psychological Needs and Resources of the Staff in a Pediatric Neurosurgery Ward: A Phenomenological-Hermeneutic Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Lanini ◽  
Debora Tringali ◽  
Rosapia Lauro Grotto
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Therapeutic Bond ◽  
Organizational Demands ◽  
Complex Picture

Brain tumors are a common form of solid tumors in children and, unfortunately, they are characterized by a very uncertain prognosis. The treatment of this pathology often includes one or more very invasive surgical procedures, quite often in the very first steps of the treatment. Cases of brain tumors in children represent one of the greatest challenges for health care professionals in the domain of pediatric neurosurgery. This is clearly due to the complexity of the therapeutic plan, but also to the nature of the bond that is established between the child, the parents, and the members of the staff during the often-dramatic initial phase of the illness. In this phenomenological-hermeneutic study, we explore both the emotional and organizational needs, as well as the available professional and personal resources of the staff in the Neurosurgery ward of the Meyer Children’s Hospital in Florence (Italy). The ward staff, composed of 7 surgeons, a pediatric neuro-oncologist, 12 nurses, and 4 auxiliary health care professionals, underwent in-depth interviews that were recorded (with the consensus of the participants). The recordings were then transcribed and submitted to content analysis according to COREQ standards. A complex picture of emotional as well as organizational demands emerged from the data. Shared experiences were pointed out, together with more specific and idiosyncratic contents characteristic of different professional roles. The focus of the present paper was twofold, first, we considered the needs that are overtly expressed by the staff, and then we discussed the main sources of their motivational drives. We found that the latter is mainly found in the quality of the therapeutic bond that is established with the children and the family members, together with the deep interest in one’s own professional activity and the effective complementarity and integration of the personal and professional qualities of the staff members within the multidisciplinary caring group.

A review of the literature surrounding the provision of interpreters in health care, focusing on their role in translating information for non-English-speaking cancer patients and issues relating to informed consent

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Gargan ◽  
Janette Chianese
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Health Care Ethics ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Written Information ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Professional Interpreting

AbstractInformed consent is a fundamental principle of health care ethics. All patients should have equal opportunities in accessing information to help them make informed decisions about their treatments.Literature on informed consent, translators in health care, non-English-speaking patients and the importance of communication and information, most specifically in radiotherapy, were reviewed. Western studies published between 1995 and 2005 were accessed and filtered though two eligibility screens and a critique framework to assess quality.The evidence suggested that many non-English-speaking patients are not in a position to give true informed consent due to lack of interpreters. This may lead to health care professionals giving treatment without full consent. Written information for radiotherapy patients was often only available in English, apart from inner city areas.There appears to be a scarcity of professional interpreters used in the health care setting; the most common practice is to use family members and friends to interpret. This practice results in breach of patient confidentiality, extra pressure on family members and filtration of information.This patient group is often excluded from certain treatment opportunities such as clinical trials. Ideally, a fully accessible professional interpreting service should be available to allow non-English patients equal rights in accessing appropriate health care options and treatments.

Education Research in German Non-Medical Health Care Professions compared to International Developments: a Bibliometric and Content-Related Publication Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Kuka ◽  
Jan P. Ehlers ◽  
Michaela Zupanic
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Health Care Professions ◽  
Publication Analysis ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
German Health ◽  
Medical Health Care ◽  
Medical Health

Abstract Background In Germany academic degree programs for non-medical health care professions (nursing, physical, occupational and speech language therapy, midwifery) have been established only recently, even if they play a key role in today´s complex patient-centered health care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development and current state of German education research in these professions as well as to conduct a comparison to international research activities in this field.Method To achieve these objectives a bibliometric and content-related publication analysis was performed from 2008 to 2017 in four international high-impact journals. Based on appropriate inclusion criteria (bibliographical and biographical criteria, focus on first and last author, original study) and their development into a coding scheme, articles were recorded systematically and results analyzed quantitatively and content-wise. Group comparisons between German and international health care professions as well as interdisciplinary comparisons between the individual professions were performed.Results On the whole, 11.891 articles were analyzed for participation of the respective target groups, either as first or as last author. Of these, 164 original studies met the inclusion criteria with 157 publications pertaining to international and only seven to German health care professionals. The majority of authors belonged to the discipline of nursing science (n=138). North America (36.63%), Australia (18.32%) and Asia (14.85%) rank among the regions that publish most frequently. Publications by German health care professionals are rare but showed an overall high level of quality.Conclusion International publication activities by non-medical health care professionals have been on the rise in recent years. Specific funding measures as well as transnational and interdisciplinary collaborations may be potential ways of strengthening and expanding education research in countries with only young academic experiences.

scholarly journals Educational Resources and Curriculum on Lactation for Health Undergraduate Students: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 089033442098069
Author(s):  
Suzanne Hetzel Campbell ◽  
Nicole de Oliveira Bernardes ◽  
Thayanthini Tharmaratnam ◽  
Flaviana Vely Mendonça Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Support Skills

Background Breastfeeding is a fundamental component of health care, and health professionals need to be adequately prepared. As part of the system, health care professionals have the ability to influence the establishment and maintenance of breastfeeding. The global literature regarding the curricular approach or established best practices for health professional education in lactation is inconclusive and lacking in rigor. Research aim To explore the literature for the educational resources, methods, and curriculum used in the education of undergraduate health students related to lactation. Methods A scoping review examining the curricular programs of health professional students in lactation was undertaken exploring and summarizing evidence from peer reviewed and grey literature. A scoping review with a five-stage review process was followed. The database search between 1982–2018 generated 625 results, 79 full-text articles were reviewed, and 29 articles published in English met the inclusion criteria. Results In general, educational resources, methods, curricular approaches, and foundational topics were based on best practice standards. Some authors incorporated a variety of learning methods and provided experiential learning, with evidence of translation of knowledge into clinical practice. In the studies examined, researchers reported that students had improved their: knowledge and attitudes (59%); breastfeeding support skills (45%); and confidence (10%). However, even in programs that focused on developing students’ breastfeeding support skills, authors reported a lack of change in students’ confidence. Conclusions Although only English articles met the inclusion criteria, this review was unique in its search of multidisciplinary, multilingual, and international studies. Consistency in teaching across disciplines is key and not evident in the studies reviewed.

scholarly journals Discrimination and diabetes: Insight from the second Diabetes Attitudes Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 056-057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kalra ◽  
Manash Baruah
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Diabetes Family

AbstractThe second diabetes attitudes wishes and needs 2 (DAWN 2) study describes various facts of living with diabetes, including barriers to, and facilitators of effective psychosocial care. One of the issues studied by DAWN2 is the phenomenon of discrimination, as viewed by persons with diabetes, family members of persons with diabetes, and health care professionals. This brief communication discusses the high prevalence of discrimination against people with diabetes, as reported by DAWN2.

Cultural dynamics and tensions when applying design thinking for improving health-care quality

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Boström ◽  
Helene Hillborg ◽  
Johan Lilja
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Quality ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Improving Health Care ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute knowledge concerning the dynamics and potential cultural tensions that occur when applying user involvement and design thinking (DT) for improving quality in a health-care setting. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a case study following a quality improvement (QI) project in a medium-sized Swedish county council in the field of somatic care. The project involved eight health-care professionals, one designer, four patients and two relatives. A multiple data collection method over a period of ten months was used. It included individual interviews, e-mail correspondence and observations of workshops that covered the QI project. Findings The result shows tensions between QI work and the daily clinical work of the participants. These tensions primarily concern the conflict between fast and slow processes, the problem of moving between different fields of knowledge, being a resource for the individual clinic and the system and the participants’ expectations and assumptions about roles and responsibilities in a QI project. Furthermore, these findings could be interpreted as signs of a development culture in the health-care context. Practical implications There are several practical implications. Among others, the insights can inspire how to approach and contextualize the current concepts, roles and methods of DT and user involvement so that they can be more easily understood and integrated into the existing culture and way of working in the health-care sector. Originality/value This study provides a unique insight into a case, trying to uncover what actually is going on and perhaps, why certain things are not happening at all, when user involvement and design practices are applied for improving health-care quality.

Hands On/Hands Off: Why Health Care Professionals Depend on Families but Keep Them at Arm's Length

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Levine ◽  
Connie Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Dysfunctional Families ◽  
Hands On

In the theater the fictional Dr. Kelekian’s relief that he does not have to talk to family members about his patient’s cancer treatment draws uneasy laughter from the audience. Doctors, patients, and family members alike recognize the situation, even if hearing it so baldly expressed discomfits them.Why do physicians and other health care professionals, including lawyers and bioethicists, so often view families as “trouble”? And why do families so often see medical professionals as uncaring and uncommunicative? Presumably everyone wants the same goal—recovery or the best possible outcome for the patient. And yet trouble clearly exists. We do not see the problem as one of “dysfunctional families” or “callous doctors,” although there are undoubtedly many of each.

scholarly journals Compendium of the Health and Wellness Coaching Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Sforzo ◽  
Miranda P. Kaye ◽  
Irina Todorova ◽  
Sebastian Harenberg ◽  
Kyle Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Wellness Coaching ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Definition Of

Health and wellness coaching (HWC) for lifestyle behavior change is emerging as a practice, role, and profession, in diverse health care, employee wellness, and community settings. Health care professionals apply HWC as a behavior change methodology for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, cancer, and other chronic disorders. The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive and organized compendium of HWC literature. To date, extant HWC literature remains scattered with no meaningful summary accessible. Lack of comprehensive summary stems from lack of consensus on HWC definition and standards. We applied a recently proposed, standardized definition of HWC to determine compendium inclusion criteria for peer-reviewed, data-based literature from relevant search engines (ie, PubMed, PsychInfo, and CINAHL). A systematic review process was executed and ultimately yielded 219 articles meeting HWC inclusion criteria. Of these, 150 were data-based and the remainder were expert opinion or review-style articles. A summary of results generally reveals HWC as a promising intervention for chronic diseases though further research is needed in most categories. The resulting HWC compendium organizes and describes the quantity and quality of available literature for the use and benefit of HWC practitioners and researchers.

scholarly journals Communication and support from health-care professionals to families, with dependent children, following the diagnosis of parental life-limiting illness: A systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Fearnley ◽  
Jason W. Boland
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Dependent Children ◽  
Insufficient Time

Background: Communication between parents and their children about parental life-limiting illness is stressful. Parents want support from health-care professionals; however, the extent of this support is not known. Awareness of family’s needs would help ensure appropriate support. Aim: To find the current literature exploring (1) how parents with a life-limiting illness, who have dependent children, perceive health-care professionals’ communication with them about the illness, diagnosis and treatments, including how social, practical and emotional support is offered to them and (2) how this contributes to the parents’ feelings of supporting their children. Design: A systematic literature review and narrative synthesis. Data sources: Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and ASSIA ProQuest were searched in November 2015 for studies assessing communication between health-care professionals and parents about how to talk with their children about the parent’s illness. Results: There were 1342 records identified, five qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria (55 ill parents, 11 spouses/carers, 26 children and 16 health-care professionals). Parents wanted information from health-care professionals about how to talk to their children about the illness; this was not routinely offered. Children also want to talk with a health-care professional about their parents’ illness. Health-care professionals are concerned that conversations with parents and their children will be too difficult and time-consuming. Conclusion: Parents with a life-limiting illness want support from their health-care professionals about how to communicate with their children about the illness. Their children look to health-care professionals for information about their parent’s illness. Health-care professionals, have an important role but appear reluctant to address these concerns because of fears of insufficient time and expertise.

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