scholarly journals Decreasing the execution time of reducers by revising clustering based on the futuristic greedy approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bakhthemmat ◽  
Mohammad Izadi
Keyword(s):  
Execution Time ◽  
Data Clustering ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Greedy Method ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Cluster Data ◽  
Phase Data ◽  
Five Phases

AbstractMapReduce is used within the Hadoop framework, which handles two important tasks: mapping and reducing. Data clustering in mappers and reducers can decrease the execution time, as similar data can be assigned to the same reducer with one key. Our proposed method decreases the overall execution time by clustering and lowering the number of reducers. Our proposed algorithm is composed of five phases. In the first phase, data are stored in the Hadoop structure. In the second phase, we cluster data using the MR-DBSCAN-KD method in order to determine all of the outliers and clusters. Then, the outliers are assigned to the existing clusters using the futuristic greedy method. At the end of the second phase, similar clusters are merged together. In the third phase, clusters are assigned to the reducers. Note that fewer reducers are required for this task by applying approximated load balancing between the reducers. In the fourth phase, the reducers execute their jobs in each cluster. Eventually, in the final phase, reducers return the output. Decreasing the number of reducers and revising the clustering helped reducers to perform their jobs almost simultaneously. Our research results indicate that the proposed algorithm improves the execution time by about 3.9% less than the fastest algorithm in our experiments.

scholarly journals Fostering implementation of knowledge into health practice: study protocol for the validation and redevelopment of the Knowledge Uptake and Utilization Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Shankar ◽  
Kelly Skinner ◽  
Melody E. Morton Ninomiya ◽  
Jasmin Bhawra
Keyword(s):  
Second Phase ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract Background Measurement of what knowledge is taken-up and how that information is used to inform practice and policies can provide an understanding about the effectiveness of knowledge uptake and utilization processes. In 2007, the Knowledge Uptake and Utilization Tool (KUUT) was developed to evaluate the implementation of knowledge into practice. The KUUT has been used by numerous large health organizations despite limited validity evidence and a narrow understanding about how the tool is used in practice and interpreted by users. As such, the overall purpose of this protocol is to redevelop the KUUT and gather validity evidence to examine and support its use in various health-related organizations. This protocol paper outlines a validation and redevelopment procedure for the KUUT using the unitary view of validity. Methods The protocol outlined in this article proceeds through four phases, starting with redeveloping the tool, then evaluating validity evidence based on: test content, response processes and internal structure. The initial phase gathers information to redevelop the tool, and evaluates item content and response format. The second phase evaluates response process validity evidence by examining how a variety of users interact with the tool. In the third phase, the tool will be pilot tested with knowledge users and, in the final phase, psychometric properties of the tool will be examined and a final scoring structure will be determined. A knowledge translation plan described herein outlines where the final tool will be housed and how the information about the tool will be disseminated. Discussion This protocol outlines a procedure to gather different sources of validity evidence for the KUUT. By addressing limitations in the original KUUT, such as complexities with scoring, a redeveloped KUUT supporting validity evidence will enhance the ability of health-related organizations to effectively use this tool for its intended purpose.

The Politics of Anticorruption

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Heimann
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Transparency International ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Compliance Programs ◽  
Drugs And Crime ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
Global Agenda

This chapter uncovers the politics behind anticorruption. During the two decades since corruption has emerged as an issue on the global agenda, the politics of anticorruption has developed through five phases. In the first phase, Transparency International (TI) began a solitary effort to combat global corruption. In the second phase, international organizations including the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) became active developing anticorruption conventions. In the third phase, governments adopted national laws and regulations implementing these conventions. In the fourth phase, companies developed compliance programs. In the fifth phase, popular mass movements are playing an increasing role opposing corrupt governments.

scholarly journals Kiribati's Strategy in Facing the Problem of Sea Level Rise through the Kiribati Adaptation Program (KAP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Maurin Astriviany
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Expansion Stage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Phases

The vulnerability of the Pacific Region which generally consists of small country and island nations makes countries in the region need to be aware of the threat of sea level rising. Kiribati is one of the countries that will be most affected. Therefore, the Kiribati Adaptation Program is one of the Government’s strategies that collaborated with the World Bank as the main donor party to reduce the adverse effect from sea level Rising. Divided into three phases of the program, we will see how it progresses from one phase to another. In the first phase is preparation for the program to adapt, in the second phase is the time to implement what needs to be done after reviewing the result of the first phase preparation, then in the final phase is the expansion of the program. After two phases, this third phase learned lessons from previous phases which faced few obstacles and need to be fixed before goes up to the expansion stage. Kiribati Adaptation Program will give an idea of how the strategy has been carried out by the Government of Kiribati and might become a lesson for other vulnerable countries in face the  sea level rising.

A Protocol for Development of Holistic-Entrepreneur Graduates: Emotional Intelligence Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Haerani Mohamad ◽  
◽  
Badaruddin Ibrahim ◽  
Asri Selamat ◽  
Affero Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Phase Data ◽  
Vocational Courses

Entrepreneurship is seen as a potential career path for overcoming the problem of unemployment among TVET graduated especially during this Covid-19 outbreaks. However, this career has yet to get a second or even a last option TVET graduates in Malaysia. Various efforts have been undertaken by the stakeholders through the first surge of the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2015-2025 (Higher Education) and the continuation of the implementation of the Entrepreneurship Action Plan 2016-2020, the holistic development of human capital and entrepreneurial backbone graduate entrepreneurs in targeted delivery. However, based on current achievements, this is not easy to be implemented as the desire of entrepreneurship is not incredibly encouraging, especially graduates in technical and vocational courses. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore emotional intelligence attributes needed by TVET graduates to become a qualified graduated Holistic-Entrepreneur. This study was conducted qualitatively involved three phases. The first phase: data acquisition qualitatively based on document analysis; second phase: focus group discussion and, third phase: experts’ interview. The participants involved are from Ministry of Education and MTUN lecturers and they are expert in students’ development and entrepreneurship. The result shows there are six attributes of emotional intelligence needed by TVET graduates to become a holistic entrepreneur graduates. The implication of the proposed as guideline for relevant parties and TVET graduates in increasing student minded and desire towards entrepreneurship

A genealogy of hacking

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Core Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Frame

Hacking is now a widely discussed and known phenomenon, but remains difficult to define and empirically identify because it has come to refer to many different, sometimes incompatible, material practices. This article proposes genealogy as a framework for understanding hacking by briefly revisiting Foucault’s concept of genealogy and interpreting its perspectival stance through the feminist materialist concept of the situated observer. Using genealogy as a theoretical frame, a history of hacking will be proposed in four phases. The first phase is the ‘prehistory’ of hacking in which four core practices were developed. The second phase is the ‘golden age of cracking’ in which hacking becomes a self-conscious identity and community and is for many identified with breaking into computers, even while non-cracking practices such as free software mature. The third phase sees hacking divide into a number of new practices even while old practices continue, including the rise of serious cybercrime, hacktivism, the division of Open Source and Free Software and hacking as an ethic of business and work. The final phase sees broad consciousness of state-sponsored hacking, the re-rise of hardware hacking in maker labs and hack spaces and the diffusion of hacking into a broad ‘clever’ practice. In conclusion, it will be argued that hacking consists across all the practices surveyed of an interrogation of the rationality of information technocultures enacted by each hacker practice situating itself within a particular technoculture and then using that technoculture to change itself, both in changing potential actions that can be taken and changing the nature of the technoculture itself.

scholarly journals A A Scenario-based Modelling Study of the Prevention of Myocardial Infarction in Iran : A Scenario-based and Modeling Study on the Prevention of Heart Attack in Iran

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Healthcare Interventions ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
The Impact

Background and Objectives: Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality. In this regard, this study aimed to provide policies for the management of CVD by focusing on the reduction of myocardial infarction (MI) mortality rate in Iran. Materials and Methods: The sequential mixed methods design will be employed to foresight the prevalence of MI in Iran in the next 10 years. This study consists of five phases and in the first phase, the risk factors of cardiovascular disease will be investigated using a systematic review. In the second phase, the uncertainty and impact of those factors will be demonstrated by the experts. Moreover, the impact/uncertainty grid will be used to identify the drivers that are less important and critical uncertainties. In the third phase, the cross-impact matrix will be developed by Scenario wizard, and the scenario logic and the scenarios will be developed. Once the scenario logic is established, details can be added to the scenarios. The next phase consists of statistical estimations of the rate of mortality due to heart attack using artificial neural networks. Finally, the policies will be developed based on the opinions of the panel of experts. The initial results will be published in mid-2020. Results: This future study will develop policies to prevent from MI with scenario-based and modeling approaches. The findings can be useful for healthcare professionals and it can improve our understanding of the future of MI to enhance the management of MI patients. Conclusion: The obtained policies will help policymakers to make evidence-based decisions, re-design structures, and processes of healthcare interventions, and also plan to decrease MI mortality rate.

The Evolution of Human Dance: Courtship, Rites of Passage, Trance, Calendrical Ceremonies and the Professional Dancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosef Garfinkel
Keyword(s):  
Rites Of Passage ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Altered States ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
States Of Consciousness ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
History Of ◽  
Professional Dancer

A model of five major chronological phases is suggested for the history of human dance. These phases did not replace one another, but accumulated as successive layers. The earliest phase is associated with courtship, thus explaining the potent role of dance in sexual desire and seduction. The second phase is associated with the appearance of modern human behaviour and the earliest burials, which were rites of passage that involved the first communal dances. The third phase is associated with the appearance of hybrid human-animal figurines that point to altered states of consciousness and aspirations to change reality; this is when trance dance, shamanism, magic and religion came in. The fourth phase is connected with the beginning of agriculture in Neolithic villages, which was coordinated by elaborate calendrical ceremonies. The fifth and final phase is associated with urban societies, economic complexity and specialization; well-trained professional dancers now performed acrobatic body movements and elaborate choreography for the enjoyment of others. The history of dance thus reflects the history of human rituals and religion.

Ideologue of neo-Nazi terror: Aleksandr Sevastianov and Russia’s ‘partisan’ insurgency

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Second Phase ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Nationalist Party ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase

The career of Aleksandr Sevast’ianov, a nationalist intellectual who became a leading apologist of far-right violence, is in focus here. In the first phase (1992–1997) of his revolutionary project, Sevast’ianov avoided overt statements on violence while he led the campaign against the repatriation of WWII ‘trophy art’. During the second phase (1998–2003), as leader of a radical nationalist party, he repeatedly affirmed his commitment to legality but hinted that violent militants also had a role to play. During the third phase (2004–2012), which coincided with a wave of racist killings committed by neo-Nazi gangs, he glorified this carnage as the beginning of a national revolution. During the final phase (2013–2016), Sevast’ianov shifted this framework to the Russian insurgents in the Donbas, whom he extolled as the vanguard of a revolution that would ultimately transform Russia itself.

Adverse Effects of Overdosage of Vitamins and Minerals

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Lewis A. Barness
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Five Phases

Throughout almost three centuries, knowledge of the uses, needs, and metabolism of trace nutrients, vitamins and minerals, has been acquired. This knowledge can be divided into five phases. The first phase occurred during a period of about 200 years and was one mainly of discovery. Animals and/or humans were noted to have diseases that were related to deficiencies. Thus, in 1753 a Scottish surgeon in the British navy showed that citrus fruit could prevent or cure scurvy, and about 200 years later ascorbic acid was isolated, synthesized, and used. Many of the trace elements were determined either to correct deficiencies or to be growth factors for animals. Discovery of knowledge continues but at a less rapid rate. The second phase, which considerably overlaps with the first, is related to determination of the mechanism of action. This required, first, study of animals, then, tissues, and, now, cells and cell components. Many biochemical pathways have been determined, and many vitamins and minerals have been identified as part of enzyme systems. Still others are to be explored and determined. The last three phases appeared irregularly but periodically, two with scientific input and one by hope, prayer, and deductin.1 The third phase was one of the determination of recommended daily requirements and allowances (RDA).

Listening for the “Still Small Voice” of Mendelssohn’s Domestic Elijah

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-77
Author(s):  
Peter Mercer-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Second Phase ◽  
Divine Presence ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
Three Phases

The notion that there might be autobiographical, or personally confessional, registers at work in Mendelssohn’s 1846 Elijah has long been established, with three interpretive approaches prevailing: the first, famously advanced by Prince Albert, compares Mendelssohn’s own artistic achievements with Elijah’s prophetic ones; the second, in Eric Werner’s dramatic formulation, discerns in the aria “It is enough” a confession of Mendelssohn’s own “weakening will to live”; the third portrays Elijah as a testimonial on Mendelssohn’s relationship to the Judaism of his birth and/or to the Christianity of his youth and adulthood. This article explores a fourth, essentially untested, interpretive approach: the possibility that Mendelssohn crafts from Elijah’s story a heartfelt affirmation of domesticity, an expression of his growing fascination with retiring to a quiet existence in the bosom of his family. The argument unfolds in three phases. In the first, the focus is on that climactic passage in Elijah’s Second Part in which God is revealed to the prophet in the “still small voice.” The turn from divine absence to divine presence is articulated through two clear and powerful recollections of music that Elijah had sung in the oratorio’s First Part, a move that has the potential to reconfigure our evaluation of his role in the public and private spheres in those earlier passages. The second phase turns to Elijah’s own brief sojourn into the domestic realm, the widow’s scene, paying particular attention to the motivations that may have underlain the substantial revisions to the scene that took place between the Birmingham premiere and the London premiere the following year. The final phase explores the possibility that the widow and her son, the “surrogate family” in the oratorio, do not disappear after the widow’s scene, but linger on as “para-characters” with crucial roles in the unfolding drama.

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