scholarly journals Effectiveness and costs of interventions to reduce the within-farm Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence on pig farms in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorien M. Eppink ◽  
Henk J. Wisselink ◽  
Inge M. Krijger ◽  
Joke W.B. van der Giessen ◽  
Manon Swanenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background The parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is recognized as one of the major foodborne pathogens with a high human disease burden. To control T. gondii infections in pigs, European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) advises serological testing of pigs and audits of pig farms to identify risk factors for T. gondii infection. In line with this approach, the aim of the current study was to assess the effectiveness and costs of intervention measures implemented to reduce the T. gondii seroprevalence on finishing pig farms in the Netherlands. A crossover clinical trial was conducted at five case farms were their own control and the cross-over moment was the implementation of interventions to reduce risk factors. Each of the case farms had a farm-specific intervention strategy with one principal intervention measure (neutering of cats, professional rodent control or covering food storage). Results All finishing pig farms (n = 5) showed a reduction in T. gondii seroprevalence within one year of implementing the intervention strategy. Cat neutering (n = 3) and feed coverage (n = 1) showed statistically significant reductions in seroprevalence. Rodent control (n = 1) did not show a statistically significant reduction. The estimated reduction in seroprevalence in response to the neutering of cats and feed coverage were 67 and 96 %, respectively. Conclusions Our work demonstrates that it is possible to reduce the within-farm T. gondii seroprevalence within one year after interventions were implemented to reduce T. gondii risk factors. This information is essential and encouraging for policy makers, food business operators, and farmers to implement in their risk assessment and to apply to food safety control systems.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in certified and non-certified pig breeding farms in the Toledo microregion, PR, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piassa Franciele Rossandra ◽  
Jacqueline Baptista de Araújo ◽  
Ronaldo César da Rosa ◽  
Rodrigo José Mattei ◽  
Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Rodent Control ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Breeding Farms

Toxoplasma gondii infection has been diagnosed in pigs all over the world. Economical losses are generally related to reproductive disorders. Toxoplasma infection is also a matter of public health because tissue cysts of the parasite may remain in pork and pork products, and become sources of human infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection in certified and non-certified pig breeding farms in the Toledo microregion, in the State of Paraná, Brazil which includes the cities of Toledo, Nova Santa Rosa, Sao José das Palmeiras and Sao Pedro do Iguaçu. Relative frequency of infection was 13.4%, independently of the type of farm. Logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were associated with infection: absence of workers exclusive for each area of the farm, access of other animals to feeders and drinkers, lack of lids in drinkers, lack of rodent control measures, mean piglet number and weight at weaning per female.

Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin people living and working in pig farms

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. F. VAN DEN BROEK ◽  
B. A. G. L. VAN CLEEF ◽  
A. HAENEN ◽  
E. M. BROENS ◽  
P. J. VAN DER WOLF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Mrsa Strains

SUMMARYWe compared the prevalence of human and animal methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at pig farms in The Netherlands, and related this to individual and farm-level characteristics. More than half of the farms investigated (28/50) had MRSA in pigs or stable dust and about one third (15/50) of person(s) were identified as MRSA carriers. Human carriage was found only on farms with MRSA-positive pigs or dust. MRSA strains in human samples were the samespa-type as found in pigs and all were not typable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (NT-MRSA). Multivariate analyses showed that risk factors for human MRSA carriage were: working in pig stables (OR 40, 95% CI 8–209) and the presence of sows and finishing pigs (OR 9, 95% CI 3–30). Veterinary sample collectors sampling the pigs showed transient MRSA carriage only during the day of the farm visit. Working in pig stables with MRSA-positive pigs poses a high risk for acquiring MRSA, increasingly so when contact with live pigs is more intensive or long lasting.

Decreased prevalence and age-specific risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies in The Netherlands between 1995/1996 and 2006/2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HOFHUIS ◽  
W. VAN PELT ◽  
Y. T. H. P. VAN DUYNHOVEN ◽  
C. D. M. NIJHUIS ◽  
L. MOLLEMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Occupational Contact

SUMMARYTo estimate the change in the seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in The Netherlands, a study was conducted in the general population in 2006/2007, similarly designed as a previous study in 1995/1996. Testing 5541 sera for IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii showed a marked decrease of the overall seroprevalence to 26·0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 24·0–28·0], compared to 40·5% (95% CI 37·5–43·4) in 1995/1996. In women of reproductive age the seroprevalence decreased from 35·2% (95% CI 32·9–38·6) in 1995/1996 to 18·5% (95% CI 16·2–20·7) in 2006/2007, leaving the majority of pregnant women susceptible to primary infection with T. gondii and their babies to congenital toxoplasmosis. In participants aged ⩾20 years, Toxoplasma seropositivity was associated with living in the Northwest, living in urban areas, low educational level, consumption of raw pork, keeping a cat, and not having occupational contact with clients or patients. For younger participants, risk factors were keeping sheep or cattle, consumption of raw unwashed vegetables and putting sand in the mouth.

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in pig farms from Catalonia, north-eastern Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. García-Bocanegra ◽  
J.P. Dubey ◽  
M. Simon-Grifé ◽  
O. Cabezón ◽  
J. Casal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

scholarly journals Anticorpos anti-toxoplasma gondii em gatos domiciliados no Município de Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraia Figueiredo de Souza ◽  
Luciana Dos Santos Medeiros ◽  
Adriane De Souza Belfort ◽  
Andrey Luiz Lopes Cordeiro ◽  
Michelle Federle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Blood samples were collected from 89 cats to assess the prevalence of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and the possible risk factors associated with feline Toxoplasma gondii infection. An epidemiological questionnaire was developed and implemented for owners of domestic cats domiciled in Rio Branco, Acre. The results were statistically evaluated with the odds ratio and chi-square tests, considering the significance level of 5%. Of 89 animals’ samples, 22 had antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. Among the 22 reactive animals, 15 (68.19%) were female, 15 (68.19%) were less than one year old and 20 (90%) were cross breed. Concerning risk factors, there was no difference (p > 0.05) between the variables evaluated by the chi-square test. Moreover, 16 (72%) cats were fed a mixed diet, 20 (90%) of the cats had hunting habits, 18 (81%) had contact with animals of another species, 11 (50%) had access to the street, and 22 (95%) lived in homes that had areas of grass or dirt. In conclusion, the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii in domestic cats was 22.7%, and there were no significant risk factors for feline toxoplasmosis in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs in southern Piauí

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Átila de Sousa ◽  
Jezlon da Fonseca Lemos ◽  
Leonardo Atta Farias ◽  
Carla Duque Lopes ◽  
Karina Rodrigues dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Diet Type ◽  
Type Of Management

This study is aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in pigs. We evaluated 143 pigs, in 10 randomly-chosen farms located in Southern Piauí. The pig's blood serum was analyzed through ELISA in detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies. A seroprevalence of 25.5% was observed in the pigs that reacted against T. gondii antigens. The data from the records demonstrated an association with some factors such as: age, diet, type of management, breed and presence of cats in the farms with a prevalence of T. gondii. With the exception of sex, all others features represent risk factors for T. gondii infection. Furthermore, our data contributed to the understanding of the T. gondii seroprevalence in pig farms located in Southern Piauí.

scholarly journals Serodiagnosis of toxoplasma gondii, associated risk factors in domesticated cats: preventing zoonosis in humans and implications for livestock extension

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Abbas ◽  
Amar Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Kashif Hussain ◽  
Naheed Bano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Flooded Area ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Strip Test

Toxoplasmosis, an important zoonotic parasitic disease-causing infection in humans and contaminating the environment. Cats are the sole source of spreading infection. Current study was designed to serodiagnoses in the flooded area, Jhang, Pakistan. Using rapid identification pen side strip test 316 pet cats were examined at CVAS, Jhang and other private clinics in that area. Rapid ID Chromatographic immune assay was performed to detect the antibodies for Feline toxoplasma IgM and IgG in serum. Related associated risk factors like breed, sex, contact with other livestock animals, deworming, location type (urban or rural area), diet (nature of food either cooked or uncooked meat), and outdoor access for wandering were also interviewed by owner. Total seroprevalence of cats was 10.4% (33/316). IgG antibodies were found 9.09 (29/316) while IgM antibodies were 2.21% (7/316) in cats. Seroprevalence was significantly high in cats older than one year. No significant difference was recorded between males and females. Cats from peri urban areas showed higher prevalence. Cats having access to outside, contact with other animals and eating uncooked food showed high seroprevalence. The current study confirms that Toxoplasma gondii is widespread in pet animals in district Jhang, Pakistan. This study urges pets lower to be aware about the Toxoplasmosis diseases. Whereas, the livestock extension sector should disseminate the precautionary awareness among the public

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection on Pig Farms in Central China

2011 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Tao ◽  
Zhengsong Wang ◽  
Huihui Feng ◽  
Rui Fang ◽  
Hao Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Central China ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic cats in The Netherlands

2012 ◽  
Vol 104 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Opsteegh ◽  
R. Haveman ◽  
A.N. Swart ◽  
M.E. Mensink-Beerepoot ◽  
A. Hofhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document