scholarly journals Dietary habits and metabolic risk factors for non-communicable diseases in a university undergraduate population

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Olatona ◽  
O. O. Onabanjo ◽  
R. N. Ugbaja ◽  
K. E. Nnoaham ◽  
D. A. Adelekan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Metabolic risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e049565
Author(s):  
Tilahun Tewabe Alamnia ◽  
Wubshet Tesfaye ◽  
Solomon Abrha ◽  
Matthew Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Variations

ObjectivesNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are causing a new and yetsignificant health challenge in low-income countries. In Ethiopia, although 39% of deaths are NCD related, the health system remains underprepared, highlighting the clear need for evidence on risk factor distributions to inform resource planning and the health response. Therefore, this review investigates prevalence distributions and sex and age variations of metabolic risk factors among Ethiopian adults.Research design and methodsThis systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published until 6 January 2021 were searched from PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science databases, reference lists of selected studies and grey literature. Studies reporting prevalence of metabolic risk factors: overweight/obesity, hypertension, impaired glucose homoeostasis and metabolic syndrome among Ethiopian adults were eligible for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Two authors independently extracted data and used the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for quality appraisal. The random effects model was used to conduct meta-analysis using Stata V.16. Subgroup analyses examined prevalence differences by region, study year, sample size and settings.ResultsFrom 6087 records, 74 studies including 104 382 participants were included. Most showed high prevalence of metabolic risk factors. Meta-analysis revealed pooled prevalence of metabolic risk factors from 12% to 24% with the highest prevalence observed for overweight/obesity (23.9%, 95% CI 19.9% to 28.0%) and hypertension (21.1%, 95% CI 18.7% to 23.5%), followed by metabolic syndrome (14.7%, 95% CI 9.8% to 19.6%) and impaired glucose tolerance (12.4%, 95% CI 8.7% to 16.1%). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in women. All metabolic risk factors were higher among people aged above 45 years.ConclusionsA signficant proportion of Ethiopian adults have at least one metabolic risk factor for NCDs. Despite heterogeneity of studies limiting the certainty of evidence, the result suggests the need for coordinated effort among policymakers, healthcare providers, non-governmental stakeholders and the community to implement appropriate preventive measures to reduce these factors.

scholarly journals Association Between Food Insecurity and Key Metabolic Risk Factors for Diet-Sensitive Non-Communicable Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sphamandla Josias Nkambule ◽  
Indres Moodley ◽  
Desmond Kuupiel ◽  
Tivani P. Mashamba-Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Causal Pathway ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract BackgroundIn previous studies, food insecurity has been hypothesised to promote the prevalence of metabolic risk factors on the causal pathway to diet-sensitive non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This prevalence has been shown to differ between gender and populations. However, evidence of this association in resources-limited settings with high levels of food insecurity such as sub-Saharan African countries remains elusive.PurposeWe aimed to identify the association between food insecurity and key metabolic risk factors on the causal pathway to diet-sensitive NCDs in sub-Saharan African population.MethodsWe did a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant studies published between January 2015 and October 2019 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science (SCiELO Citation Index), and five other databases followed by explicit and reproducible hand-searches of included studies which were peer-reviewed epidemiological studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa, directly measured food insecurity, and compared food insecurity to a metabolic risk factor outcome. Two reviewers extracted all the necessary data from individual studies independently and employed the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) – Version 2018 to evaluate the risk of bias. Prevalence estimates from individual studies were pooled using the random-effect model.ResultsThe initial searches yielded 11 803 articles, 22 were eligible for inclusion, presenting data from 26 609 food-insecure participants and 11 545 incident of metabolic risk factor cases. Most studies confirmed an adverse association between food insecurity and key metabolic risk factors for diet-sensitive NCDs. The Meta-analysis showed a significantly high pooled prevalence estimate of key metabolic risk factors at 41.8 per cent (95% CI: 33.2% to 50.8%, I2 = 99.5% p-value < 0.00). The most prevalent type of metabolic risk factors was dyslipidaemia 27.6 per cent (95% CI: 6.5% to 54.9%), hypertension 24.7 per cent (95% CI: 15.6% to 35.1%), and overweight 15.8 per cent (95% CI: 10.6% to 21.7%). Notably, the prevalence estimates of these metabolic risk factors were considerably more frequent in females than males.ConclusionThis study is the first to systematically review or meta-analyse the association between food insecurity and key metabolic risk factors for diet-sensitive non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in sub-Saharan African countries, in order to generate an integrated, evidence-based, comprehensive summary of how key metabolic risk factors are patterned by food insecurity. Further high-quality longitudinal data and mediation analysis are warranted to understand the basis of this findings to support targeted prevention and control strategies for those confronted with food insecurity.PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019136638

scholarly journals Health messaging with Viber application on risk factors of non-communicable diseases among the rural population: community-based quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3823
Author(s):  
Swe Mar Myint Lwin ◽  
Khaing Lay Mon ◽  
Aung Soe Htet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: Mobile health and mobile phone technology have become increasingly noticed as favorable communication channels for the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by reducing the unhealthy behaviors of NCDs. The study was carried out to assess the effect of the health messaging with the Viber application on modifiable risk factors of NCDs.Methods: A community-based quasi-experimental study was conducted among a total of 240 community members who were 30 to 60 years old selected from two villages in Twantay township with a one year intervention. Face-to-face interviews with all participants using the WHO STEP survey questionnaire and measurements of behavioral and metabolic risk factors of NCDs were carried out at baseline and after 12 months follow up. Changes in behavior and metabolic risk factors between the intervention and control group were analyzed using mixed-effects random-intercept linear regression modeling with propensity score adjustment. Because of the small sample in smoking, smokeless tobacco and alcohol users, the Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test was used to compare the changes between the two groups.Results: The amount of smoking and smokeless tobacco use among current users in the intervention group was reduced after the intervention (p<0.05). Of metabolic risk factors, participants in the intervention group had a significant net reduction in fasting blood sugar with a mean change relative to controls of -18.7 mg/dl 95% CI (-32.83, -4.56, p=0.010). No significant mean reduction was seen in other behavioral or metabolic risk factors.Conclusions: The study results showed that intervention affected a reduction in some behavioral and metabolic risk factors of NCDs.

scholarly journals Association between behavioural, metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases and socio-demographic factors among Bihari population in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4132
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ahmed ◽  
M. S. A. Mansur Ahmed ◽  
Palash C. Banik ◽  
Razib Mondal ◽  
Pradip K. Sen Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: The Bihari community is an underprivileged group of people, immigrants from Pakistan during 1971 independence war, now living in Bangladesh. This community is considered as vulnerable for not having adequate health care facilities and access to health services. The current study is aimed to determine the association between behavioural, metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCD) and socio-demographic factors among Bihari community in Bangladesh.Methods: It was a community based cross-sectional study. Total 183 Bihari living in Geneva camp in Dhaka city have been included in the study by purposive sampling. An adopted WHO STEPS questionnaire was used for data collection. A semi structured questionnaire and standardized procedures were used to measure behavioural risk factors and physical characteristics. Data were analysed by using SPSS version 21.Results: Among the respondents the mean age was 44.4±13.2 years with 60.1% men. One-third (32.2%) were current tobacco user, almost all (99.5%) didn’t take sufficient fruit and vegetables, 52.5% were added salt user, 76.0% didn’t perform adequate physical activity but alcohol consumers were negligible (3.3%). More than half (54.6%) were overweight or obese, 33.9% had hypertension, 23.0% had hyperglycaemia and 50.3% had hyperlipidaemia. Sex, age, education, occupation and family income were significantly associated with these NCD risk factors.Conclusions: To our best knowledge this is the first ever study that describes the NCD risk factors and its sociodemographic determinants among the Bihari population in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals A Regionalized Genome-Based Mexican Diet Improves Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in Subjects at Risk for Obesity-Related Chronic Diseases

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Ojeda-Granados ◽  
Arturo Panduro ◽  
Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez ◽  
Maricruz Sepúlveda-Villegas ◽  
Sonia Roman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Metabolic Risk

Obesity-related chronic diseases (CD) are highly prevalent in Mexicans who show moderate to high frequencies of diet-related adaptive gene (DRAG) polymorphisms and recent shifts in traditional dietary habits and lifestyles. This study first evaluated the effects of a regionalized genome-based Mexican (GENOMEX) diet on anthropometric and biochemical parameters and, subsequently their relationship with the genetic profile of DRAG polymorphisms in subjects with metabolic risk factors for obesity-related CD. Thirty-seven eligible subjects underwent a 24-week dietary intervention with a GENOMEX diet. The DRAG polymorphisms were determined by an allelic discrimination real-time assay to evaluate their association with the clinical response to diet. The GENOMEX diet significantly improved anthropometric parameters such as total weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage, with an average weight loss of 6.6% (5.3 ± 5.3 kg). The frequency of subjects with insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia and elevated VLDL-c (48.5% vs. 24.2%, p = 0.041; 45.5% vs. 12.1%, p = 0.003; and 39.4% vs. 15.2%, p = 0.027, baseline vs. 24-weeks, respectively) was reduced. A more significant favorable effect in HOMA-IR and insulin was observed in MTHFR 677T adaptive allele carriers, but no other DRAG polymorphism was associated with clinical changes. The GENOMEX diet improved the metabolic risk factors for obesity-related CD. The recommendation and habitual consumption of a traditional Mexican diet based on knowledge of the population’s genetic and cultural history may be effective in preventing current obesity-related CD.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among allopathic doctors of Vijayawada city, Andhra Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3508
Author(s):  
Kiran Prakash K. ◽  
Venkata Suresh Anga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. Accounting for around 60% of all deaths and 44% of premature deaths worldwide. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among allopathic doctors in Vijayawada.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on allopathic practicing doctors who were working in the various Hospitals, clinics, Nursing Homes within the corporation limits of Vijayawada city.Results: Out of the 720 study subjects, 498 doctors (69.2%) were males and 222 doctors (30.8%) were females. majority of the doctors 515 (71.5%) were with educational qualification of master degrees (MS/MD/MDS). Doctors in clinical specialty are more 565 (78.5%) compared with non-clinical 133 (18.4%) and dental 22 (3.1%). With regarding working sector, nearly one third of doctors were working in private sector 532 (73.9%).Conclusions: Because of more exposure to unhealthy life styles like smoking, alcohol, unhealthy dietary habits like high intake of salt, inadequate use of fruits and vegetables, oil fries and by leading a sedentary life and high risk factors like overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes a large number of the doctor’s population were at increased risk for chronic non-communicable diseases. 

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