scholarly journals The potential impact of co-residence structures on socio-demographic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality

Genus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Giorgi ◽  
Diederik Boertien
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
Inequalities In Mortality

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, confinement measures were adopted across the world to limit the spread of the virus. In France, these measures were applied between March 17 and May 10. Using high-quality population census data and focusing on co-residence structures on French territory, this article analyzes how co-residence patterns unevenly put different socio-demographic groups at risk of being infected and dying from COVID-19. The research ambition is to quantify the possible impact of co-residence structures heterogeneity on socio-economic inequalities in mortality stemming from within-household transmission of the virus. Using a simulation approach, the article highlights the existence of theoretical pronounced inequalities of vulnerability to COVID-19 related to cohabitation structures as well as a reversal of the social gradient of vulnerability when the age of the infected person increases. Among young age categories, infection is simulated to lead to more deaths in the less educated or foreign-born populations. Among the older ones, the inverse holds with infections having a greater potential to provoke deaths through the transmission of the virus within households headed by a highly educated or a native-born person. Demographic patterns such as the cohabitation of multiple generations and the survival of both partners of a couple help to explain these results. Even though inter-generational co-residence and large households are more common among the lower educated and foreign born in general, the higher educated are more likely to still live with their partner at higher ages.

scholarly journals The potential impact of co-residence structures on socio-demographic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Giorgi ◽  
Diederik Boertien
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
Inequalities In Mortality

During the COVID-19 pandemic, confinement measures were adopted across the world to limitthe spread of the virus. In France, these measures were applied between March 17 and May 10. Usinghigh-quality population census data and focusing on co-residence structures on French territory, thisarticle analyses how co-residence patterns unevenly put different socio-demographic groups at risk ofbeing infected and dying from COVID-19. The research ambition is to quantify the possible impactof co-residence structures heterogeneity on socioeconomic inequalities in mortality stemming fromwithin-household transmission of the virus. Using a simulation approach, the article highlights theexistence of theoretical pronounced inequalities of vulnerability to COVID-19 related to cohabitationstructures as well as a reversal of the social gradient of vulnerability when the age of the infectedperson increases. Among young age categories, infection is simulated to lead to more deaths in theless educated or foreign-born populations. Among the older ones, the inverse holds with infectionshaving a greater potential to provoke deaths through the transmission of the virus within householdsheaded by a highly educated or a native-born person. Demographic patterns such as the cohabitationof multiple generations and the survival of both partners of a couple help to explain these results.Even though inter-generational co-residence and large households are more common among the lowereducated and foreign born in general, the higher educated are more likely to still live with theirpartner at higher ages.

scholarly journals Subpopulation of Immigrants in Lithuania: Foreign-Born Generations

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
Vladislava Stankūnienė ◽  
Dalia Ambrozaitienė ◽  
Marė Baublytė
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Western European ◽  
Former Ussr

The article analyzes the foreign-born population of Lithuania, its age and ethnic composition, and periods of arrival to Lithuania. The analysis is based on the 2011 Lithuanian Population Census data. The results of the analysis show that the foreign-born population of Lithuania is very heterogeneous and has three major groups formed at different times, by different immigration factors and flows, they are different by age and ethnic composition. Most of foreign-born population of Lithuania is formed during the Soviet era - those who arrived from the former USSR. Among them the majority are of Russians, but a quite large part - Lithuanians who arrived since the mid-sixties of 20th century (children of deportees). The youngest generation of the emerging foreign-born generation is from Western European countries.

Migration and Socio-Economic Polarisation within British City Regions

2010 ◽  
pp. 196-211
Author(s):  
Tony Champion ◽  
Mike Coombes
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Region ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
Social Scale ◽  
City Regions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Residential Movement

In recent years, census-based and other studies have documented a widening gap between better-off and more deprived residential areas in Britain. While much of this will have come about in situ, through increasing disparities in household wealth and incomes across the social scale, migration may also be contributing. The decennial population census is the only source that can provide robust statistical data on the social composition of residential movement between sub-regional and local areas. This chapter uses the 2001 Census Special Migration Statistics to examine whether migration is increasing the degree of socio-spatial polarisation within Britain’s larger city regions. Following an introduction to the study approach and the intricacies of the census data on migration, the results of data analysis are presented in three sections. The first looks at the social composition of the migration exchanges taking place between the 27 cities and the rest of their city regions, testing to see whether the cities’ migration balances are less favourable for people of higher occupational status. This identifies three types of city region, based on whether there is a positive, negative or no strong relationship between migration and socio-economic status. An example of each of these types of city region – London, Birmingham and Bristol respectively – is selected for a more detailed examination of the patterns of movement between their constituent residential zones. For these three cases, the second set of analyses compares the migration performance of each of the residential zones with its existing social status in order to see whether or not these within-city-region movements are reinforcing the existing socio-economic patterns. The third set of results seeks a better understanding of the dynamics of the migration through examining the residential movements between all pairings of the zones in each of the three city regions and identifying how consistently the balance of these migration exchanges favours the better-off of the two zones.

Victor S. D'Souza. Development Planning and Structural Inequalities: The Response of the Underprivileged. New Delhi: Sage Publications 1990. Pages 206 + Index. Price: Rs 180 (Hardbound).

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
The Social

Deveiopment planning in India, as in other developing countries, has generally been aimed at fostering an industrially-oriented policy as the engine of economic growth. This one-sided economic development, which results in capital formation, creation of urban elites, and underprivileged social classes of a modern society, has led to distortions in the social structure as a whole. On the contrary, as a result of this uneven economic development, which is narrowly measured in terms of economic growth and capital formation, the fruits of development have gone to the people according to their economic power and position in the social structure: those occupying higher positions benefiting much more than those occupying the lower ones. Thus, development planning has tended to increase inequalities and has sharpened divisive tendencies. Victor S. D'Souza, an eminent Indian sociologist, utilizing the Indian census data of 1961, 1971, and 1981, examines the problem of structural inequality with particular reference to the Indian Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes - the two most underprivileged sections of the present Indian society which, according to the census of 1981, comprised 15.75 percent and 7.76 percent of India's population respectively. Theoretically, he takes the concept of development in a broad sense as related to the self-fulfIlment of the individual. The transformation of the unjust social structure, the levelling down of glaring economic and social inequalities, and the concern for the development of the underprivileged are for the author the basic elements of a planned development. This is the theoretical perspective of the first chapter, "Development Planning and Social Transformation".

A Short Story of Enrichment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Schimpfössl
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bank Accounts ◽  
Gain Access

The opening chapter explores the paradox of a Russian bourgeoisie emerging out of the Soviet elite. It deals with the ways in which these individuals navigated the years of post-Soviet social transformation. Many of the characters in this book were born into socially privileged, highly educated, nonmoneyed Soviet elite. Some used their science vocations and leadership positions in the Komsomol to launch their business careers, exploiting their insider status to gain access to the corridors of power and to foreign-currency bank accounts. While it did help in the climate of the 1990s to be aggressive, wily, and not overly principled, it was more important to have privileged social origins. The new rich used the social assets they had to hand, were quick to recognize which parts of their expertise and skill sets were of no further value in the turmoil, and realigned their resources accordingly.

scholarly journals How Does Administrative Data Compare with Census Data for the Measurement of Internal Migration? The Case of Northern Ireland, 2001–2011

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Foley ◽  
Tony Champion ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Data ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Intercensal Period ◽  
Statistical Agencies

AbstractThe paper compares and contrasts internal migration measured by healthcard-based administrative data with census figures. This is useful because the collection of population data, its processing, and its dissemination by statistical agencies is becoming more reliant on administrative data. Statistical agencies already use healthcard data to make migration estimates and are increasingly confident about local population estimates from administrative sources. This analysis goes further than this work as it assesses how far healthcard data can produce reliable data products of the kind to which academics are accustomed. It does this by examining migration events versus transitions over a full intercensal period; population flows into and out of small areas; and the extent to which it produces microdata on migration equivalent to that in the census. It is shown that for most demographic groups and places healthcard data is an adequate substitute for census-based migration counts, the exceptions being for student households and younger people. However, census-like information is still needed to provide covariates for analysis and this will still be required whatever the future of the traditional census.

Generating population census data through aerial remote sensing

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. S. Taragi ◽  
K. S. Bisht ◽  
B. S. Sokhi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Aerial Remote Sensing

Disparity and Dynamics of Social Distancing Behaviors in Japan: An Investigation of mobile phone mobility data (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Lyu ◽  
Hiroki Takikawa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND The availability of large-scale and fine-grained aggregated mobility data has allowed researchers to observe the dynamic of social distancing behaviors at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Despite the increasing attentions paid to this research agenda, limited studies have focused on the demographic factors related to mobility and the dynamics of social distancing behaviors has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assist in the design and implementation of public health policies by exploring the social distancing behaviors among various demographic groups over time. METHODS We combined several data sources, including mobile tracking data and geographical statistics, to estimate visiting population of entertainment venues across demographic groups, which can be considered as the proxy of social distancing behaviors. Then, we employed time series analyze methods to investigate how voluntary and policy-induced social distancing behaviors shift over time across demographic groups. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of social distancing behaviors and their dynamics across age groups. The population in the entertainment venues comprised mainly of individuals aged 20–40 years, while according to the dynamics of the mobility index and the policy-induced behavior, among the age groups, the extent of reduction of the frequency of visiting entertainment venues during the pandemic was generally the highest among younger individuals. Also, our results indicate the importance of implementing the social distancing policy promptly to limit the spread of the COVID-19 infection. However, it should be noticed that although the policy intervention during the second wave in Japan appeared to increase the awareness of the severity of the pandemic and concerns regarding COVID-19, its direct impact has been largely decreased could only last for a short time. CONCLUSIONS At the time we wrote this paper, in Japan, the number of daily confirmed cases was continuously increasing. Thus, this study provides a timely reference for decision makers about the current situation of policy-induced compliance behaviors. On the one hand, age-dependent disparity requires target mitigation strategies to increase the intention of elderly individuals to adopt mobility restriction behaviors. On the other hand, considering the decreasing impact of self-restriction recommendations, the government should employ policy interventions that limit the resurgence of cases, especially by imposing stronger, stricter social distancing interventions, as they are necessary to promote social distancing behaviors and mitigate the transmission of COVID-19. CLINICALTRIAL None

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