scholarly journals Serum BDNF and suicidal ideation in drug-naïve and drug-treated MDD patients: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Mohamed Yousef ◽  
Ghada Mohamed Salah El-Deen ◽  
Abdallah Saad Ibrahim ◽  
Amany Elshabrawy Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Serum Bdnf

Abstract Background Disturbances in structural and synaptic plasticity have been linked to depression and suicidal ideation. One of the major neurotrophic factors, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is involved in the maintenance and survival of neurons and synaptic plasticity. This case–control study assesses the serum BDNF and suicidal ideation among drug-naïve and drug-treated MDD patients attending university hospitals and comparing them to healthy control. A simple random sample of 57 MDD patients and 57 age- and sex-comparable controls were enrolled. The researchers conducted a semi-structured interview to collect the demographic characteristics and disease history. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSS) were applied to the participants. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma BDNF level. Results The MDD group had lower BDNF than the control group. Within the MDD group, drug-naïve patients had significantly lower BDNF than drug-treated patients. Female patients had lower BDNF than male patients. Positive family history of MDD was associated with low BDNF. Severe and moderate cases had lower BDNF than mild cases. High BSS (≥24) was associated with low BDNF. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between BDNF and age, disease duration, duration of the current episode, and the number of previous episodes. On the other hand, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between BDNF and age of MDD onset, HDRS, and BSS. A regression model was highly statistically significant in the prediction of HDRS. BDNF and disease duration were negatively correlated with HDRS. On the other hand, depression treatment status was not significantly associated with the HDRS prediction model. Conclusion Our findings extend the neurotrophic concept of depression by identifying the decreased BDNF levels as a peripheral biomarker of MDD. Our assessment of depression and suicidal ideation (SI) and their relationship to decreased BDNF levels shed light on the etiopathology of MDD and its related suicidality. They should be more studied to understand better the mechanisms by which they develop. To further explore the effect of BDNF in suicide, larger study sizes and a range of psychiatric diagnoses associated with suicide attempts are required.

scholarly journals SAT0077 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ASSESSMENT WITH CAROTID ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN ADDITION TO THE TRADITIONAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 973-973
Author(s):  
R. Gonzalez Mazario ◽  
J. J. Fragio-Gil ◽  
P. Martinez Calabuig ◽  
E. Grau García ◽  
M. De la Rubia Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Carotid Ultrasonography ◽  
Control Study

Background:Cardiovascular disease (CV) is the most frequent cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. It is well known that RA acts as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.Objectives:To assess the CV risk in RA patients using carotid ultrasonography (US) additionally to the traditional CV risk factors.Methods:A prospective transversal case control study was performed, including adult RA patients who fulfilled ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and healthy controls matched according to CV risk factors. Population over 75 years old, patients with established CV disease and/or chronic kidney failure (from III stage) were excluded. The US evaluator was blinded to the case/control condition and evaluated the presence of plaques and the intima-media thickness. Statistical analysis was performed with R (3.6.1 version) and included a multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) and a negative binomial regression adjusted by confounding factors (age, sex and CV risk factors).Results:A total of 200 cases and 111 healthy controls were included in the study. Demographical, clinical and US data are exposed in table 1. Not any difference was detected in terms of CV risk factors between the cases and controls. In both groups a relationship between age, BMI and high blood pressure was detected (p<0.001).Table 1.Table 2.RA basal characteristicsDisease duration (years)16,98 (11,38)Erosions (X-Ray of hands/feet)163 (81,5%)Seropositive (RF/anti-CCP)146 (73%)Extra-articular symptoms44 (22%)Intersticial difusse lung disease10 (5%)Rheumatoid nodules14 (7%)Prednisone use103 (51,5%)Median dose of Prednisone last year (mg)2,34 (2,84)sDMARDsMethotrexate104 (52%)Leflunomide29 (14,5%)Hydroxycloroquine9 (4,5%)bDMARDs89 (44,5%) TNFi41 (20,5%) Abatacept15 (7,5%) IL6i22 (11%) RTX11 (5,5%)JAKi26 (13%) Baricitinib11 (5,5%) Tofacitinib15 (7,5%)DAS 28-ESR3,1 (2,3, 3,9)SDAI7,85 (4,04, 13,41)HAQ0,88 (0,22, 1,5)RF (U/mL)51 (15, 164,25)Anti-CCP (U/mL)173 (22, 340)Patients showed higher intima-media (both right and left) thickness compared to controls (p<0.006). Moreover it was also related to the disease duration and DAS28 score (p<0.001). A higher plaque account was noted in cases(p<0.004) and it was also related to the disease duration (p<0.001).Conclusion:RA implies a higher CV risk. Traditional CV risk factors explains only partially the global risk. These findings support that RA acts as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Reduced serum BDNF levels are associated with the increased risk for developing MDD: a case–control study with or without antidepressant therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Prova Zaman Emon ◽  
Rajesh Das ◽  
Nuruna Lovely Nishuty ◽  
M. M. A. Shalahuddin Qusar ◽  
Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Antidepressant Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Serum Bdnf

scholarly journals Incidence of Psychiatric Morbidities in Drug Naive Hypothyroid Patients: A Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ummar I ◽  
Shree Aarthi R ◽  
Thirunavukarasu M
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Hypothyroid Patient ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Control Study

Background: Hypothyroidism is one the etiology of emerging psychiatric illness. The present study is an attempt to find out the incidence of psychiatric morbidity in drug-naïve hypothyroid patients and to find the correlation between patient’s sociodemographic variable, symptom duration, varying thyroid profile, subtype of hypothyroidism and psychiatric morbidity. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. The sample in this study consists of 75 hypothyroid patient and 75 euthyroid patients from Endocrinology out-patient department, matched for age and sex, after obtaining informed consent. Results: There was no statistical difference between cases and controls, with regard to sociodemographic variables. The psychiatric morbidity in hypothyroid patients is higher than euthyroid population (χ2 =32.9, p=0.001). The incidence and severity of depression (I – χ2=7.29, p=0.004), (severity- χ2 =10.42, p=0.02), anxiety (I- χ2 =3.84, p=0.05), (severity- χ2 =4.81, p=0.03) and cognitive impairment (I- χ2 =10..9, p=0.001), (severity- χ2 =13.04, p=0.001) are higher in hypothyroid patient when compared with controls. But the incidence of Psychosis is not statistically significant between groups. Among hypothyroid patients various parameters like symptom duration, varying thyroid profile and subtype of hypothyroidism did not reveal any significant statistical difference between patients with and without psychiatric morbidity. Conclusion: Incidence and severity of psychiatric morbidity in hypothyroid patients is higher than euthyroid population in our study. Hypothyroidism is one of the reversible etiologies of psychiatry disorder which is most often overlooked. Early diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism may alter the course of psychiatric illness and reduce the morbidity of these illnesses among patients.

Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis: Report of an Outbreak in an Ophthalmology Practice and Recommendations for Prevention

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Buehler ◽  
Robert J. Finton ◽  
Richard A. Goodman ◽  
Keewhan Choi ◽  
John C. Hierholzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adenovirus Infection ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Foreign Body Removal ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

AbstractIn Fall 1981, an outbreak of acute infectious conjunctivitis with keratitis (EKC) occurred in patients who had visited a private ophthalmology clinic just prior to onset of illness. Among an estimated 2,200 patient visits to the office from August 10 to October 15, 1981 for problems unrelated to infectious conjunctivitis, 39 (1.8%) persons subsequently developed EKC. The median incubation period was 6.5 days (range, 1 to 14 days). A case-control study was done to identify risk factors associated with contracting EKC; patients with EKC were more likely than control patients to have been examined by one or the other of two of the four ophthalmologists at the clinic and to have undergone procedures such as tonometry or foreign body removal. Adenovirus was isolated from conjunctival swabs from four of five persons with conjunctivitis; three were type 8 and one was type 7. Recognition of the problem and improved handwashing practices were associated with terminating the outbreak. This outbreak illustrates the potential for transmission of adenovirus infection during the provision of eye care. Infection control practitioners should be familiar with measures for the prevention of such infections among ophthalmology patients.

scholarly journals 2013 multistate outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis infections associated with fresh produce: focus on the Texas investigations

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (16) ◽  
pp. 3451-3458 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ABANYIE ◽  
R. R. HARVEY ◽  
J. R. HARRIS ◽  
R. E. WIEGAND ◽  
L. GAUL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
International Travel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThe 2013 multistate outbreaks contributed to the largest annual number of reported US cases of cyclosporiasis since 1997. In this paper we focus on investigations in Texas. We defined an outbreak-associated case as laboratory-confirmed cyclosporiasis in a person with illness onset between 1 June and 31 August 2013, with no history of international travel in the previous 14 days. Epidemiological, environmental, and traceback investigations were conducted. Of the 631 cases reported in the multistate outbreaks, Texas reported the greatest number of cases, 270 (43%). More than 70 clusters were identified in Texas, four of which were further investigated. One restaurant-associated cluster of 25 case-patients was selected for a case-control study. Consumption of cilantro was most strongly associated with illness on meal date-matched analysis (matched odds ratio 19·8, 95% confidence interval 4·0–∞). All case-patients in the other three clusters investigated also ate cilantro. Traceback investigations converged on three suppliers in Puebla, Mexico. Cilantro was the vehicle of infection in the four clusters investigated; the temporal association of these clusters with the large overall increase in cyclosporiasis cases in Texas suggests cilantro was the vehicle of infection for many other cases. However, the paucity of epidemiological and traceback information does not allow for a conclusive determination; moreover, molecular epidemiological tools for cyclosporiasis that could provide more definitive linkage between case clusters are needed.

scholarly journals Suicidal Ideation and Behaviours Among Adolescents Receiving Bariatric Surgery: A Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne McPhee ◽  
Eve Khlyavich Freidl ◽  
Julia Eicher ◽  
Jeffrey L. Zitsman ◽  
Michael J. Devlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinants of Undernutrition among Children Under-Five Years Old in Southern Ethiopia: Does Pregnancy Intention Matter? A Community-Based Unmatched Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Feyisso Shaka ◽  
Yetayal Birhanu Woldie ◽  
Hirbaye Mokona Lola ◽  
Kalkidan Yohannes Olkamo ◽  
Adane Tesfaye Anbasse
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Stunting, which describes a small height for one’s age, is an indicator of chronic malnutrition. It develops mainly as a result of prolonged food deprivation or a chronic disease or illness. Unintended pregnancies and unplanned births are among the psychological factors that negatively affect the nutritional status of children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of unintended pregnancies and other family and child characteristics on the nutritional status of children under 5 years old. Methods: A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 302 children (151 cases and 151 controls) 6–59 months old in Wonago town, Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The cases were stunted children and the controls were non-stunted children in the study area. The cases were randomly selected from among the stunted children, and the controls were randomly selected from among the non-stunted children. The descriptive characteristics of the respondents were compared using the chi-squared test, and a multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the effects of an unintended pregnancy on stunting, after controlling for the other variables, with a p value of 0.05. Results: The result revealed that unintended pregnancy is found to be among predictors of stunting where children from unintended pregnancy were about three times more likely to be stunted [AOR: 2.62, CI: (1.26, 5.45)]. The other predictors identified in this study were educational status of the father, wealth index of the household and daily meal frequency. From the finding, children from illiterate fathers [AOR: 3.43, CI: (1.04, 11.29)], children from poorer household economic status [AOR: 2.32, CI: (1.20, 4.49)] and children whom their daily meal frequency is below the recommended number of feeding [AOR: 4.50, CI: (1.31, 15.49)] were found to be more stunted. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the children born from unintended pregnancies exhibited a significantly higher risk of stunting. Therefore, preventing unintended pregnancy could play a great role in decreasing the risk of stunting in children.

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