scholarly journals Impact of weight loss on plasma ghrelin level, clinical, and metabolic features of obese women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nearmeen M. Rashad ◽  
Yasser S. Saraya ◽  
Samir A. Afifi ◽  
Ayman E. Ali ◽  
Radwa M. Al-sayed
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ghrelin Level ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Ghrelin Level ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine co-morbidity of obesity. Ghrelin is a peptide which regulates food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to measure ghrelin levels in obesity and PCOS and to evaluate the impact of weight loss on plasma ghrelin level, metabolic, and phenotypic features of PCOS. This prospective comparative study enrolled obese women without PCOS (N = 60) and obese PCOS women (n = 50) and 85 control groups. Body compositions including fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Plasma ghrelin concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Our results revealed that plasma ghrelin levels were lower in PCOS patients compared to obese (9.49 ± 5.59 ng/ml) and controls (48.21 ± 21.09 ng/ml). Moreover, it was negatively correlated to anthropometric measures, glycemic, lipid profile, and the phenotype characteristics of PCOS. Interestingly, after 12 weeks of following the Mediterranean diet (MD)-based weight loss program, ghrelin levels were increased in both obese groups. Conclusion Successful weight loss leads to increase ghrelin levels in both obese and PCOS groups.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in the responsiveness to long-term lifestyle intervention and predictability in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Pasquali ◽  
Alessandra Gambineri ◽  
Carla Cavazza ◽  
Daniela Ibarra Gasparini ◽  
Walter Ciampaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Partial Group ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundTreatment of obesity improves all features of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There is, however, a heterogeneous response to weight loss, and predictive factors are unknown.ObjectiveThis follow-up study aimed to investigate obese women with PCOS treated with a long-term lifestyle program to evaluate responsiveness and predictability.MethodsOne hundred PCOS women meeting the criteria for selection were invited to participate and 65 of them agreed. Lifestyle intervention had consisted of a 1200–1400 kcal/day diet for 6 months, followed by mild calorie restriction and physical activity. The protocol, which was similar at baseline and follow-up, included anthropometry, clinical evaluation, pelvic ultrasound, and laboratory investigations. The mean follow-up period was 20.4±12.5 months.ResultsAfter the follow-up period, women were reclassified into three groups according to the persistence (group 1, 15.4%), partial (group 2, 47.7%), or complete (group 3, 36.9%) disappearance of the categorical features of PCOS (hyperandrogenism, menses, and ovulatory dysfunctions). Duration of the follow-up and extent of weight loss were similar among the three groups, as were fasting and glucose-stimulated insulin and indices of insulin resistance. Baseline waist circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), and androstenedione blood levels were negatively correlated with a better outcome in the univariate analysis. However, only basal androstenedione values persisted to a highly significant extent (P<0.001) in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionsResponsiveness to weight loss in overweight/obese PCOS women varies considerably and more than one third of women may achieve full recovery. These findings add new perspectives to the impact of obesity on the pathophysiology of PCOS.

Incidence and Predictors of Hypertension in a Cohort of Australian Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju E Joham ◽  
Nadira S Kakoly ◽  
Helena J Teede ◽  
Arul Earnest
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Co Morbidity

Abstract Context There are limited studies in large population-based settings examining the relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypertension. Objective To evaluate incidence of hypertension among women with and without PCOS over a 15-year period. Design Secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Setting General community Participants Women were randomly selected from the national health insurance database. 9,508 women, aged 21-42 years, were followed up from 2000–2015 Methods We conducted survival analysis using Cox proportional hazards model to identify predictors of hypertension and person-time analysis to calculate incidence rates of hypertension. Results 9,508 women were followed for 145,159 PY (person years) and 1,556 (16.37%) women developed hypertension during follow-up. The incidence of hypertension was significantly higher (p=0.001) among women with PCOS (17/1000 PY) compared to women without (10/1000 PY). 8,223 women had known PCOS status, of which 681 women (8.3%) had self-reported physician diagnosed PCOS. Incidence rate difference of hypertension (cases attributable to PCOS) was four-fold higher (15.8 vs. 4.3 respectively /1000PY) among obese women with PCOS compared to age-matched lean women with PCOS. PCOS was independently associated with 37% greater risk of hypertension (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.14-1.65), adjusting for body mass index (BMI), family history of hypertension, occupation and co-morbidity with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions Women with PCOS are more likely to develop hypertension from early adulthood, independent of BMI, which is further exacerbated by obesity. Including PCOS in hypertension risk stratification assessments may aid efforts in early identification of the disorder.

scholarly journals A review of therapeutic options for managing the metabolic aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204201882093830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Altigani Abdalla ◽  
Harshal Deshmukh ◽  
Stephen Atkin ◽  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Incretin Mimetics

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Metabolic sequelae associated with PCOS range from insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Insulin resistance plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of PCOS and it is a reliable marker for cardiometabolic risk. Although insulin sensitising agents such as metformin have been traditionally used for managing metabolic aspects of PCOS, their efficacy is low in terms of weight reduction and cardiovascular risk reduction compared with newer agents such as incretin mimetics and SGLT2 inhibitors. With current pharmaceutical advances, potential therapeutic options have increased, giving patients and clinicians more choices. Incretin mimetics are a promising therapy with a unique metabolic target that could be used widely in the management of PCOS. Likewise, bariatric procedures have become less invasive and result in effective weight loss and the reversal of metabolic morbidities in some patients. Therefore, surgical treatment targeting weight loss becomes increasingly common in the management of obese women with PCOS. Newer emerging therapies, including twincretins, triple GLP-1 agonists, glucagon receptor antagonists and imeglemin, are promising therapeutic options for treating T2DM. Given the similarity of metabolic and pathological features between PCOS and T2DM and the variety of therapeutic options, there is the potential to widen our strategy for treating metabolic disorders in PCOS in parallel with current therapeutic advances. The review was conducted in line with the recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome 2018.

Impact of Metformin on IVF Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1336-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama S. Abdalmageed ◽  
Tarek A. Farghaly ◽  
Ahmed A. Abdelaleem ◽  
Ahmed E. Abdelmagied ◽  
Mohammed K. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Ivf Outcomes ◽  
Metformin Group ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of metformin on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study ( ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT 02910817) carried out in a University IVF Center. The study included 102 overweight and obese women (body mass index [BMI] >24 kg/m2) with PCOS who underwent their first fresh autologous IVF-embryo transfer cycle and agreed to participate in the study. The study participants were randomized into 2 groups: metformin group received metformin (1000 mg per day) at the start of controlled ovarian stimulation (COH) until the day of the pregnancy check, and placebo group received placebo tablets in the same duration. The primary outcome measure was the total number of retrieved oocytes. Results: Both groups were homogenous in baseline demographic characteristics. Metformin group versus the placebo group demonstrated decrease in the mean number of the retrieved oocytes (9.06 ± 4.23 vs 16.86 ± 8.3, P < .01) and similar live birth rate (LBR; 25.5% vs 17.6%, P = .34). The number of fertilized oocytes was lower in the metformin group (5.65 ± 2.66 vs 9 ± 4.55, P < .01). However, the fertilization rate was similar in both groups (62.3% vs 53.4%, P = .10). There was no difference in the implantation rate (15.7% vs 11.8%, P = .32), multiple pregnancy rate (13.4% vs 3.9%, P = .08), or miscarriage rate (23.5% vs 35.7%, P = .46). No cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) were observed in both groups. Conclusion: Short-term administration of metformin to overweight or obese women with PCOS undergoing IVF decreased number of the retrieved oocytes but did not improve the LBR. Synopsis Metformin use could decrease the number of retrieved oocytes in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing IVF.

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