Exploring the relationship of sleep quality with drug use and substance abuse among university students: a cross-cultural study

Abstract Background There is a growing interest in studying the area of drugs and college students due to the negative effects that drugs have on a student’s social life, academics, psychology, finances, and health. So, this study aims to identify the relationship between drug/substance abuse and quality of sleep among university students in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. The sample size was 935 (43.21% N = 404 female, 56.79% N = 531 male, 55.40% N = 518 Yemeni, and 44.60% N = 417 Saudi). Students responded to the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Substance Abuse Questionnaire. Results The results showed a high prevalence of drug use: 43.1% of respondents (27.27% N = 219 Yemenis and 15.83% N = 148 Saudis) abuse drugs, 29.41% were in the low level of drug use, 10.48% were in the moderate level of drug use, 2.46% were in the substantial level of drug, and 0.75% were in the severe level of drug use as per the DAST-10. The differences between both countries in terms of drug use were significant (X2 19.394, P < 0.001). The prevalence rate of inhalants was 16.36% and of sedatives was 12.09%, and the differences between countries were significant. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 24.81%; a total of 7.91% of respondents had very poor sleep quality, while 16.90% had poor sleep quality. The differences between countries were not significant. The relationship between sleep quality and drug use, smoking, and substance abuse was significant. The quality of sleep decreased consistently with a high level of drug use or substance abuse. Conclusions Poor sleep quality is significantly associated with drug use and substance abuse, and it is important to recognize the factors affecting drug and substance abuse among university students. A significant contribution can make for the protection of university students by guaranteeing that psychological interventions for high-risk groups are planned in advance.

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The Relationship Between Quality of Sleep, Stress And Coping Among First Year Female Students of University of Colombo

10.21203/rs.3.rs-844649/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yamange Sanduni Thakshila ◽

Chathurie Suraweera

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Stress And Coping ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Brief Cope ◽

And Coping

Abstract Background: Sufficient and restorative sleep is important to mental and physical wellbeing. The university education as an undergraduate is stressful and can have detrimental effects on the mental state of the students leading to poor sleep quality and stress, requiring use of coping strategies. This study is aimed to identify the prevalence and the correlation between sleep quality, stress and coping among university students.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a University in Sri Lanka among 200 participants from five selected faculties. A self-administered questionnaire, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Depression Stress Anxiety Scale-21(DASS 21) and brief COPE inventory was administered using consecutive random sampling to the participants. The results were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 with one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlations.Results: 82.5% (n= 165) of subjects reported poor sleep quality. There was a positive strong correlation between sleep quality and stress (r=0.526, p=0.000). Among the poor sleepers, 57.6% (n= 95) were stressed. The stress was positively correlated with self-blame, planning, denial and emotional support in the COPE inventory. The correlation with quality of sleep with coping strategies was statistically significant. The highest mean of global PSQI score (10.33± 4.202) was observed among students from Law faculty with 95% experienced poor sleep quality. The highest correlation between sleep quality and stress among students from medical faculty (r= 0.614**, p= 0.000) while the highest percentage of students, 61.9% were stressed. Conclusions: The majority of university undergraduates were affected with poor quality of sleep and stress. The students use various coping strategies to cope with stress. There was a strong relationship between sleep quality, stress and coping. The sleep quality depended on stress as well coping strategies effected on sleep quality. This study highlights the importance of focused interventions on quality of sleep, stress and coping among university students.

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Influence of Sleeping Patterns in Health and Academic Performance Among University Students

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17082760 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 2760

Author(s):

María Dolores Toscano-Hermoso ◽

Félix Arbinaga ◽

Eduardo J. Fernández-Ozcorta ◽

Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽

Carlos Ruiz-Frutos

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

University Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Ex Post ◽

Small Effect Size ◽

The Relationship

Sleep problems in university students are important and have implications for health, quality of life, and academic performance. Using an ex post facto design, a total sample of 855 students (55.7% women) participated in the study. Sleep assessment was conducted using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Nightmare Frequency Scale, the Nightmare Proneness Scale, and the Composite Morningness Scale. Women show a higher risk [OR = 2.61] of presenting poor sleep quality (> 5 points on the PSQI) compared with men (p < 0.001). Similarly, women reported a greater frequency of nightmares (p < 0.001, d = 0.60), greater propensity for nightmares (p < 0.001, d = 0.70) and a higher score on Item-5h of the PSQI regarding nightmares (p < 0.001, d = 0.59). Women, compared with men, show higher risk [OR = 2.84] for a sleep disorder related to nightmares (p = 0.012). Women need more time to reach a state of alertness after getting up (p = 0.022), and there was an interaction between sex and the alertness factor when evaluating the subjective quality of sleep (p = 0.030). Women show worse sleep quality and a higher frequency and propensity for suffering nightmares. When considering the relationship between sleep quality and academic performance, it is observed that students with poor sleep quality obtain lower academic scores (M = 7.21, SD = 0.805) than those with good sleep quality (M = 7.32, SD = 0.685), an effect that reaches significance (t = 2.116, p = 0.035). Regarding the relationship between the categorized chronotype and academic performance, students with a morning chronotype achieve better academic results (M = 7.41, SD = 0.89) than their evening counterparts (M = 7.15, SD = 0.76), although these differences have a small effect size (d = 0.31).

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Prediction of Diabetic Nephropathy from the Relationship between Fatigue, Sleep and Quality of Life

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10093282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 3282

Author(s):

Angela Shin-Yu Lien ◽

Yi-Der Jiang ◽

Jia-Ling Tsai ◽

Jawl-Shan Hwang ◽

Wei-Chao Lin

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Feature Selection ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Support Vector ◽

Svm Classifier ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

The Relationship

Fatigue and poor sleep quality are the most common clinical complaints of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). These complaints are early signs of DM and are closely related to diabetic control and the presence of complications, which lead to a decline in the quality of life. Therefore, an accurate measurement of the relationship between fatigue, sleep status, and the complication of DM nephropathy could lead to a specific definition of fatigue and an appropriate medical treatment. This study recruited 307 people with Type 2 diabetes from two medical centers in Northern Taiwan through a questionnaire survey and a retrospective investigation of medical records. In an attempt to identify the related factors and accurately predict diabetic nephropathy, we applied hybrid research methods, integrated biostatistics, and feature selection methods in data mining and machine learning to compare and verify the results. Consequently, the results demonstrated that patients with diabetic nephropathy have a higher fatigue level and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score than without neuropathy, the presence of neuropathy leads to poor sleep quality, lower quality of life, and poor metabolism. Furthermore, by considering feature selection in selecting representative features or variables, we achieved consistence results with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier and merely ten representative factors and a prediction accuracy as high as 74% in predicting the presence of diabetic nephropathy.

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Quality of sleep and burnout among undergraduate medical students at the university of Nairobi, Kenya

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.742 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S279-S279

Author(s):

Linda Nyamute ◽

Muthoni Mathai ◽

Anne Mbwayo

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

The University

AimsThe main objective was to determine whether quality of sleep is associated with burnout among undergraduate medical students at the University of Nairobi.The null hypothesis in our study population was; 'There is no significant association between poor sleep quality and burnout'.BackgroundIn a pressure prevailing environment, medical students find themselves in a vicious cycle of cutting down on sleep in attempts to cope and adjust to increasing workloads. Students with poor sleep quality have been found to perform worse in their board exam and have strained social engagements. Ultimately, this chronic sleep deprivation may lead to burnout which may cause diminished sense of accomplishment and impaired professional conduct, that may be carried on to the career as a physician. High levels of burnout have been associated with suicides.MethodThe sample size obtained was 384 and participants were selected by a mixed sampling method. Data collection was through self-administered questionnaires. Scales used for this study were the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory(OLBI).Ethical considerations were adhered to and approval obtained from the Kenyatta National Hospital-University of Nairobi(KNH-UON) Ethics Board. Data entry and analysis was by SPSS v23. Data from 336 questionnaires were deemed fit for analysis.ResultWith a response rate of 87.5%, the prevalence of poor sleep quality and burnout were 69.9% and 74.7% respectively. There was a significant positive association between poor sleep quality and female gender, clinical years of study, living with family, poorly perceived socio-economic state and poor subjective academic performance. In addition, being female, younger, pre-clinical years, living independently off-campus and poor subjective academic performance were significantly associated with higher levels of burnout.Burnout had a significant correlation with poor sleep quality. Daytime functioning, a component of sleep quality had the highest correlation with components of burnout, disengagement and exhaustion. Overall, 57% of the respondents had both poor sleep quality &burnout, while only 12% were good sleepers with no burnout. Furthermore, having poor sleep increased the risk of having burnout by 2.8times. It is crucial that students adopt better sleeping habits to reduce the risk of burnout.ConclusionWith the high prevalence of poor sleep quality and burnout, peer-support groups and peer-led mentorship programs are recommended within this population to help deal with expectations, challenges and difficulties encountered within the course of medical education, in addition to preparing for the early future careers.

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The use of gadgets and their relationship to poor sleep quality and social interaction on mid-adolescents: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Ilya Krisnana ◽

Venni Hariani ◽

Iqlima Dwi Kurnia ◽

Yuni Sufyanti Arief

Keyword(s):

Social Interaction ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Social

AbstractBackgroundMid-adolescents dominate the number of gadget users in Indonesia. The use of gadgets to a high intensity can cause various problems such as poor sleep quality and decreased social interaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the intensity of the use of gadgets and the quality of sleep and social interaction in adolescents.MethodThe research design used was a correlational research study with a cross-sectional approach. Through the calculation of the sample, the respondents were 250 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria, namely (1) adolescents aged 15–18 years and (2) teens who owned and used gadgets. The sampling method used simple random sampling by conducting a lottery system in each class. The independent variable was the intensity of using the gadget, while the dependent variable was the quality of sleep and social interaction. Data collection focused on the intensity of gadget use using questionnaires and it was analyzed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). The data was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation with α = 0.05.ResultsThe results showed that the intensity of gadget use was positively related to poor sleep quality in adolescents (p = <0.001; r = 0.555). The intensity of the use of gadgets was also related to social interaction with a negative direction. The higher the intensity of the use of gadgets, the lower the social interaction in adolescents (p = 0.001; r = –293).ConclusionThe use of gadgets in the mid-adolescent years is related to sleep disorders as regards the latency and duration of sleep. Adolescents are more likely to engage in social interaction and communication through gadgets than face to face.

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The quality and characteristics of sleep of hypertensive patients

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420150000400009 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 0596-0602 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Juliét Silveira Hanus ◽

Graziela Amboni ◽

Maria Inês da Rosa ◽

Luciane Bisognin Ceretta ◽

Lisiane Tuon

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Registration System ◽

Hypertensive Patients

OBJECTIVEAnalyzing the quality of sleep of hypertensive patients registered in the national registration system and monitoring of hypertensive patients.METHODSA cross-sectional study of quantitative and descriptive analyses with 280 hypertensive patients registered in the National Program of Hypertension and Diabetes of the Federal Government in the months from August to October 2011. Questionnaires were used which allowed for tracking sociodemographic data on hypertension and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).RESULTSThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among respondents (156 hypertensive patients) and high rates of using medication for sleeping (106 hypertensive patients) was observed. Other relevant data refers to the quality of sleep among hypertensive patients using sleep medication compared to those who do not use it (p≤0.01).CONCLUSIONIndividuals with high blood pressure have a negative association with sleep quality.

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Association of Quality of Sleep and Decreased Short Term Memory Function in Medical Students of Pelita Harapan University

Medicinus ◽

10.19166/med.v7i7.2760 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 216

Author(s):

Stevanie Budianto ◽

Yusak M.T Siahaan

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Function ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Short Term ◽

Chi Square ◽

Term Memory

Background: Memory is a place where information is stored from the learning process or experience. There are several types of memory , one of them is short term memory. Declining sleep quality is directly proportional to the decrease in short-term memory. Poor sleep quality is often associated with medical student due to exams or vast amount of tasks. Therefore, researcher wants to see whether there is significant correlation between sleep quality and short-term memory function in students.Aim: To assess the association of the quality of sleep towards short term memory function of medical student of Pelita Harapan University.Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional method, with taking sample using the method of a simple random sample. A total of 90 respondents at University of Pelita Harapan were taken. Data collected sorted out according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality of sleep assessed with PSQI questionnaire while short-term memory assessed by Digit span backward test. Results processed with SPSS version 24 and tested with Chi Square.Results: Data analyzed by Chi square test showed there are 33 students (58.9%) have poor sleep quality and short term memory function. There are also significant association between the quality of sleep and short term memory function (p value = 0.026)Conclusion: There is significant association between the quality of sleep and short term memory function of medical students of Pelita Harapan University.

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ASSOCIATION OF SLEEP PROBLEMS AND COMMON MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING STUDENTS OF SGT UNIVERSITY, GURUGRAM, INDIA

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/12136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 148-155

Author(s):

Niyatisheokand a ◽

◽

Nimmi A. Jose ◽

Abhishek Kapoor ◽

Priya Arora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Engineering Students ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality

Introduction:Sleep is naturally recurring state of mind and body, characterized by altered consciousness, inhibition of nearly all voluntary muscles and reduced interactions with surroundings. Chronic disturbances can lead to poor sleep quality which may manifest as increased irritability, anxiety, tension, depression, confusion. The undergraduate years are a period of vulnerability when considering sleep problems and mental health may tend to worsen over time. Alcohol, tobacco, and stimulant beverages such as tea/ caffeine affect the quality of sleep. Students are more prone to adopt and practice maladaptive sleep hygiene such as irregular bedtime, academic pressure, internet addiction, electronic media exposure, alcohol consumption and smoking, which affects quality of sleep. Material and Methods:The study was a cross sectional, interview based, non-interventional studyconducted on the engineering students at SGT University, Budhera, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Data was collected through questionnaires such as Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, The Epworth `Sleepiness Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, The general health questionnaire. Results:A total of 274 students were included in the study. The mean age was20.11 Â± 1.30 years and there were more male (77.3%) students as compared to females (22.7%). Alcohol use was present in 43(11.7%) of students, cannabis intake was present in 11(4%), nicotine intake was reported by 39(14.2%) of students and only one student reported of taking opioid. DASS-A, DASS-S, DASS-D, GHQ-12, PSQI were positively correlated with each other when associations were studied individually. Conclusion:In our study,it was established that poor sleep quality in engineering students was significantly associated with poor mental and physical health.

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The relationship between Fear of Hypoglycemia and Sleep Quality among type II Diabetic Patients

10.21203/rs.2.10880/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Leili Yekefallah ◽

Farzaneh Talebi ◽

Ali Razaghpoor ◽

Mohammmad Hossein Mafi

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Type Ii ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Fear Of Hypoglycemia ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Introduction and Objective Fear of hypoglycemia can result in anxiety, stress, anger, depression and severe avoidance behaviors that it affects the sleep quality of diabetic patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between fear of hypoglycemia and sleep quality among type II diabetic patients. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 type II diabetic patients referred to endocrinology clinic of Velayat Hospital and Boali Hospital in Qazvin, in 2018. Data were collected using a checklist for demographic variables, the Fear of Hypoglycemia Survey (FHS-W), and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation test were performed for data analysis using SPSS v24. Results In this study, the mean age of diabetic patients was 55.75±10.31. The majority of the participants were female (n=299, 74.8%) and were treated with oral anti-diabetic drugs (n=174, 43.5%). The mean score of sleep quality in patients was 8.98±3.64 and the fear of hypoglycemia was 21.27±11.92. The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between the fear of hypoglycemia and the poor sleep quality among patients (p<0.001, r=0.305). Conclusion The fear of hypoglycemia has a direct and significant relationship with poor sleep quality in diabetic patients; so that this fear reduces the quality of sleep in diabetic patients. Therefore, in order to provide adequate sleep to prevent inappropriate sleep complications, great attention should be paid to the issue of fear of hypoglycemia, and consider some actions to reduce this fear.

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Quality of sleep and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up at Ethiopian Zewditu Memorial Hospital,2018

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26745/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nebiyu Mengistu ◽

Telake Azale ◽

Solomon Yimer ◽

Mahilet Fikreyesus ◽

Elsa Melaku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Sleep disturbance is a common complaint in people living with HIV/AIDS. Despite the influence of sleep disturbance on treatment adherence, quality of life, work productivity, risk of chronic illness, it remains under-recognized and under-studied in Ethiopia. Therefore it is necessary to produce scientific evidence to fill the knowledge gap and areas of management. The current study aimed to assess sleep quality and its associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was utilized among 408 participants who were selected by a systematic random sampling technique at Zewditu memorial hospital from April to May 2018. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire was used to measure sleep quality. Ethical clearance was obtained from the joint ethics committee of the University of Gondar and Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Oral informed consent was obtained from each participant. Binary and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. Odds ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was computed. Results: The magnitude of poor sleep quality was 55.6%. Being female [AOR=3.40, 95% CI: (1.80, 6.41)], depression [AOR =3.52, 95% CI: (1.95, 6.32)], CD4count ≤ 200 cells/mm3 [AOR=3.18,95%CI: (1.65,6.13)], duration of HIV/AIDS diagnosis [AOR=3.43,95% CI: (1.61,7.29)], current use of tobacco [AOR=5.69, 95% CI: (2.04,15.9)] and chat or caffeinated drinks [AOR=2.65, 95% CI: (1.06,6.64)] and poor sleep hygiene [AOR=3.55, 95% CI: (1.85, 6.78)] were significantly associated with poor sleep quality.Conclusions: More than half of the study participants were found to have poor sleep quality. A range factors influence quality of sleep of people with HIV/AIDS. Routine screening of sleep condition among people living with HIV/AIDS and early intervention based on the findings is suggested.

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