scholarly journals The role of tumour-associated tissue eosinophilia as a prognostic indicator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Sharma ◽  
Neha Salaria ◽  
Surender Kumar ◽  
Nimmy Thomas ◽  
Nidhi Beniwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Tissue Eosinophilia ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Tumour Differentiation ◽  
Grade Iii

Abstract Background Eosinophils are bone marrow-derived granulocytes known to have an imperative role in tissue inflammation. The mechanism of tumour-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) in head and neck cancers is however not well understood, and its role as a prognosticator is under evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of TATE with factors associated with head and neck cancer and to assess its role as a prognostic marker in such patients. Results 102 males and 24 females comprised the study population, and 34.9% of which were in the age group of 41 to 50 years. Amongst these 126 patients, most (37.3%) presented in stage III followed by stage IV (28.6%). 29.4% had well-differentiated SCC, 55.6% had moderately differentiated SCC, and 15% were diagnosed with poorly differentiated SCC. 42.8% had TATE grade II, followed by grade III (29.4%) and grade I (27.8%). Correlation studies showed that factors significantly associated with TATE were age, site and tumour differentiation. While 45.7% poorly differentiated tumours showed grade I eosinophilia, 51.4% of well-differentiated tumours had grade III TATE. Conclusions TATE showed a highly significant association with tumour differentiation, suggestive of eosinophils partaking a tumouricidal role. This association may be utilised as a convenient early prognosticator for head and neck cancers and should be made a regular feature of biopsy reports. Furthermore, it may be utilised in planning and adopting appropriate treatment modalities in malignancies predicted to have an aggressive course.

scholarly journals Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A 20-Year Case Series

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. E20-E24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Meacham ◽  
Laura Matrka ◽  
Enver Ozer ◽  
H. Gulcin Ozer ◽  
Paul Wakely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage Iv Disease ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated

Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) can be an aggressive disease with locoregional and distant metastasis. We present this article (1) to highlight the typical presentation of NEC in head and neck primary sites such as the parotid gland, paranasal sinuses, and supraglottis and (2) to discuss the prognosis of these tumors based on their histologic subtype and stage. We base our comments on the findings of our retrospective review of the cases of 16 adults—10 men and 6 women, aged 43 to 88 years (mean: 65.8)—who had been diagnosed with pathologically confirmed NEC of the head and neck. Analysis of subtypes revealed that 11 of these patients (68.8%) had presented with poorly differentiated NEC, 4 (25.0%) with moderately differentiated NEC, and 1 (6.3%) with well-differentiated NEC. The most common primary sites were the salivary glands (n = 5; 31.3%), paranasal sinuses (n = 4, 25.0%), and larynx (n = 4). There was no statistically significant difference in survival at 24 months between the patients with moderately differentiated NEC and those with poorly differentiated NEC (37.5 vs. 35.4%; p = 0.86); at the end of the study period, the patient with well-differentiated NEC was still living, 129 months after diagnosis. Taken together, patients with stage I, II, and III disease had a combined survival of 77.8% at 12 months, which was significantly higher (p = 0.023) than the 57.1% survival at 12 months for patients with stage IV disease.

Association of tissue factor expression in squamous cell head and neck carcinomas with well-differentiated tumors.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16022-e16022
Author(s):  
Benjamin Jacobs ◽  
Xinmin Zhang ◽  
John P. Gaughan ◽  
Michael Bromberg
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Head And Neck Carcinomas ◽  
Egfr Expression ◽  
Tumor Stages ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated

e16022 Background: Tissue factor (TF) is a glycoprotein that initiates coagulation when complexed with factor VIIa. High levels of TF expression have been found in many cancers and correlated with tumor aggressiveness. TF has been shown to be expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) but the role of TF on cell function and prognosis are not known. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in many HNSCC and EGFR and TF expression are highly correlated in some tumor types. Our goal was to correlate the expression of TF and EGFR in HNSCC with tumor cell differentiation and prognosis. Methods: Twenty biopsy specimens of squamous cell head and neck carcinomas were studied. Immunohistochemistry for TF, EGFR, and p16 was performed. Cases were scored based upon the staining intensity of tumor cells using a semiquantitative scale as negative, weakly (+), moderately (++) or strongly (+++) positive. Results: The tumor stages ranged from T1N0 to T4N3. Of the 20 specimens, 5 were well differentiated, 12 were of moderate differentiation, and 3 were poorly differentiated. Median survival was 23 months, median follow-up 73 months. TF was expressed in 75% (15/20) of tumors at varying levels. Moderate TF expression was found in 6 specimens, and 9 showed weak expression. None of the poorly differentiated tumors expressed TF, and there was a definite negative correlation between TF expression and tumor differentiation (Pearson r=--0.747, p=0.0002). There was no association between TF expression and survival (Log-Rank 0.3115, p=0.8558). All of the tumors analyzed expressed EGFR and there was no correlation between TF expression and EGFR expression. Overall, 25% (5/20) of tumors expressed p16, suggesting human papilloma virus infection. Conclusions: Results from this retrospective study indicate that well differentiated HNSCC express higher levels of TF than poorly differentiated tumors and that TF and EGFR expression are not tightly linked. Moreover, unlike other cancer sites, HNSCC TF expression did not appear to worsen overall patient survival, and was actually associated with more well-differentiated tumors.

scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibodies as Treatment Modalities in Head and Neck Cancers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Radhakrishnan ◽  
◽  
Mark S. Swanson ◽  
Uttam K. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Treatment Modalities

HPV18 Associated with E-cadherin Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2638-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simina Boia ◽  
Eugen Radu Boia ◽  
Raluca Amalia Ceausu ◽  
Constantin Nicolae Balica ◽  
Ovidiu Alexandru Mederle
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
E Cadherin

HPV is an important oropharyngeal cancer cause, but it may have a role in other head and neck cancers? HPVpositive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) epithelial-mesenchymal transition role is unclear. We included 38 cases: 20 laryngeal, 3 corresponding lymph nodes; 5 oropharyngeal, 5 hypopharyngeal, 2 rhynopahryngeal, 2 pharyngolaryngeal and 1 naso-sinusal case. Immunoreactivity was positive in nuclear expression cells, accordingly: score 1 (10-30%), 2 (30-50%) and 3 (]50%). HPV18 immunoexpression appeared in 18 cases (47.36%), (11 laryngeal, 4 oropharyngeal, 1 hypopharyngeal, 1 pharyngolaryngeal and 1 naso-sinusal). The score was 1 in larynx well differentiated type. The score was between 1 and 3 in larynx moderately differentiated types, and a significant correlation HPV18/E-cadherin was found (p=0.031). HPV18+/E-cadherin low values were noticed in larynx, oropharynx, pharyngo-larynx and naso-sinusal well and moderately differentiated types. HPV18-/E-cadherin low values were present in larynx, hypo and rhyno-pharynx moderately and poorly differentiated and larynx well differentiated types. Larynx presented HPV18/E-cadherin and moderately differentiated type significant correlation. Rhyno, hypo-pharyngeal and laryngeal presented HPV18�/E-cadherin low values association for moderately, poorly and undifferentiated types. The oropharyngeal location was associated with E-cadherin maximum values, independently of HPV18 status.

Fibrosarcoma of the Head and Neck: A Clinical Analysis of Forty Cases

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie E. Swain ◽  
Donald G. Sessions ◽  
Joseph H. Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Radical Neck Dissection ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Tumor Group ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated

This paper is a clinical analysis of 40 patients with fibrosarcoma of the head and neck treated at the Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 25 years in 31 patients. Treatment consisted of widefield surgical excision, surgery and irradiation, narrowfield surgery, and irradiation alone. Histological classification of the tumors correlates well with the prognosis. In the well differentiated tumor group 12 out of 16 patients treated for a cure were free of tumor. In the poorly differentiated group only one out of five treated for a cure was free of tumor. Widefield surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Prophylactic radical neck dissection is not indicated. Narrowfield surgical excision resulted in a high recurrence rate although the salvage rate was excellent with subsequent widefield resection. Irradiation therapy produced good palliative results in those patients treated by irradiation alone and has a definite role in the management of this disease.

Temozolomide in grade III neuroendocrine neoplasms (G3 NENs): A multicenter retrospective review.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 321-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chan ◽  
Emily K. Bergsland ◽  
Jennifer A. Chan ◽  
Rujuta Gadgil ◽  
Thorvardur Ragnar Halfdanarson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Pathology Reports ◽  
Multicenter Retrospective Review ◽  
Grade Iii

321 Background: G3 NENs are aggressive, and optimal systemic treatment is unclear. Temozolomide (TEM)-based regimens have been used to treat grade 1-2 NETs, but their efficacy in G3 NENs (Ki-67 > 20%) remains undetermined. Aims: To assess the clinical efficacy of TEM-containing regimens in advanced grade III gastroenteropancreatic NENs (GEPNENs). Methods: A multicentre retrospective review (2008-2017) of patients with metastatic/unresectable G3 GEPNENs who received a TEM-containing regimen. The primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (TTF). Radiologic response was extracted from local reports without formal RECIST criteria. Results: 118 patients in six centers were included (median age 55, 65% male, 15% functional, 75% pancreatic NEN). 57% were well-differentiated, 35% poorly-differentiated, and 18% unknown based on local pathology reports. The regimen used was CAPTEM in 93% and TEM in 7%. Best radiological responses were: complete response (1%), partial response (39%), stable disease (22%), progressive disease (31%), unknown (7%) not by RECIST. Median TTF was 150 days and median overall survival (OS) 18.0 months. Fifteen patients (14%) required dose reductions/discontinuation due to adverse events. TTF was shorter for patients on TEM alone (p = 0.02, Table 1). Well-differentiated NENs had better response rate (52% vs 26%, p = 0.02) and overall survival (30.1 vs 12.0 mo, p = 0.008) compared to poorly-differentiated NEN. Conclusions: This is the largest TEM treatment series in G3 NEN, involving collaboration of several major North American NET centers. 40% of patients showed some degree of response, and treatment was generally well-tolerated. TEM-based regimens should be considered a viable treatment option in this setting. Prospective confirmatory trials (such as EA2142) may face difficulties in accrual due to disease rarity. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals The predictive factors of primary head and neck cancer stage at presentation and survival in a developing nation’s tertiary hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211879241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyi A Adoga ◽  
Daniel D Kokong ◽  
Nuhu D Ma’an ◽  
Joyce G Mugu ◽  
Chukwunonso J Mgbachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Stage Iv Cancer

Background: Stage of head and neck cancers at presentation is a strong determinant of outcomes. Objective: To evaluate predictors of stage of head and neck cancers at presentation and survival in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Patients and methods: Health records that met the inclusion criteria for head and neck cancers were retrieved using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision and analyzed with associations between variables modeled using logistic regression analysis. Results: From a record of 487 head and neck neoplasms, 129 (26.5%) were malignant of which 122 health records met the criteria for analysis consisting of 83 (68.0%) males and 39 (32.0%) females aged 13–85 years (mean = 51 years; standard deviation = ±16 years). Alcohol (odds ratio = 1.99; 95% confidence interval = 1.08–3.69; p = 0.02) and tobacco exposure (odds ratio = 3.07; 95% confidence interval = 1.32–7.16; p = 0.01) were associated with increased odds for advanced tumor stage at presentation. Stage IV cancer (hazard ratio = 1.44; 95% confidence interval = 1.80–2.59), alcohol (hazard ratio = 2.19; 95% confidence interval = 1.18–4.10) and tobacco use (hazard ratio = 3.40; 95% confidence interval = 1.22–8.74) were associated with increased hazards for death. Conclusion: Alcohol, tobacco use and smoke from cooking wood are predictive factors for advanced HNC stage at presentation. Stage IV cancer, alcohol and tobacco use were associated with an increased hazard for death.

Deep neck infection as the main initial presentation of primary head and neck cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Ping Wang ◽  
Jenq-Yuh Ko ◽  
Pei-Jen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Deep Neck Infection ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Neck Infection

Objectives: Primary head and neck cancer and deep neck infection are not uncommon, but deep neck infection as the initial presentation of primary head and neck cancer is rare and these patients risk potential misdiagnosis.Materials and methods: The records of 301 patients with deep neck infection and 3337 patients with primary head and neck cancers from 1990 to 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with primary head and neck cancers who had deep neck infection as their initial presentation were enrolled.Results: Seven patients were identified (six men and one woman). The median age was 64 years. All patients presented with painful, erythematous neck swelling and all image studies showed abscess formation. Four abscesses received needle aspiration and three received surgical drainage, which yielded malignant cells in four specimens. The primary origins of malignancies were the nasopharynx (two patients), oropharynx (two patients), hypopharynx (one patient), parotid gland (one patient) and maxillary sinus (one patient). All patients had stage IV disease. Only three patients could receive curative therapy and only one patient was disease-free after three years.Conclusion: We suggest that detailed history-taking, complete examination of the ENT field and pathological study of the infected tissue must be performed for patients with deep neck infection to enable early detection and prompt treatment of any underlying malignancy.

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