scholarly journals Poor glycemic control enhances the disease activity in the RA patients with undiagnosed diabetes—a cross-sectional clinical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pulak Kanti Palit ◽  
Ashekul Islam ◽  
Md Syeed Al Habib ◽  
Abu Syed Mohammed Mujib ◽  
Joyonti Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Disease Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder, characterized by systemic inflammation and swollen joints, establishes itself as a critical threat. A pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α is a well-known driver of RA pathogenesis and at the same time predisposes to insulin resistance through signal impediment which ultimately paves the way for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, in patients with RA, T2DM remains significantly undiagnosed or undertreated, apparently which increases the risk of developing cardio-metabolic comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the glycemic status among RA patients and its association with disease activity. Result One hundred fifty inpatients RA cases according to ACR/EULAR standards were included in the cross-sectional study who have an average age of 45.4±12.15 years and a median and interquartile period of RA of 2.25 years and 0.48–6 years, respectively. We discovered that 36% of people had T2DM, 26% were prediabetic, and 38% were non-diabetic. Age was shown to be significantly correlated with DM frequency in RA patients (p=0.007). There were 28 patients with elevated disease activity (19%) and 60 patients with low disease activity (40%) in this study. No substantial associations were found in the presence of DM with gender, anti-CCP, RF, disease duration, or DAS28. Conclusion RA patients are more likely to experience diabetes, and resultantly a high index of notion must be kept. Clinician should be aware about the affliction of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes in RA patients. Furthermore, keeping an eye on glycemic control in RA patients could prevent metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities in those susceptible patients.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score in Screening Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tao Mao ◽  
Jiayan Chen ◽  
Haijian Guo ◽  
Chen Qu ◽  
Chu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

The New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (NCDRS) is one of the recommended tools for screening undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in China. However, its performance in detecting undiagnosed diabetes needs to be verified in different community populations. Also, it is unknown whether NCDRS can be used in detecting prediabetes. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of NCDRS in detecting undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes among the community residents in eastern China. We applied NCDRS in 7675 community residents aged 18-65 years old in Jiangsu Province. The results showed that the participants with undiagnosed diabetes reported the highest NCDRS value, followed by those with prediabetes (P<0.001). The best cut-off points of NCDRS for detecting undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes were 27 (with a sensitivity of 78.0% and a specificity of 57.7%) and 27 (with a sensitivity of 66.0% and a specificity of 62.9%). The AUCs of NCDRS for identifying undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes were 0.749 (95% CI: 0.739~0.759) and 0.694 (95% CI: 0.683~0.705). These results demonstrate the excellent performance of NCDRS in screening undiagnosed diabetes in the community population in eastern China and further provide evidence for using NCDRS in detecting prediabetes.

scholarly journals Awareness of diabetes in the population of Greenland

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Michael Lynge Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telephone Contact ◽  
Information Strategies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Objective Type

Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may develop slowly with few symptoms and may remain undetected for many years, leading to severe complications that potentially could have been prevented with timely diagnosis and treatment. Undiagnosed diabetes has been reported high in Greenland. However, awareness and knowledges about diabetes in the general population remains unexplored.Methods: This study was performed as an observational cross sectional study based on telephone interview among a random sample of Greenlanders. The interview was performed in Greenlandic or Danish according to participant’ preference and included information about age, gender, place of birth, place of residence, medical history of diabetes, awareness of the diabetes, risk factors, symptoms, complications, and local possibilities to get tested for diabetes.Results: In total, telephone contact was established with 196 adults. Of those, 161 participants completed the interview while 35 were unwilling to participate in the interview corresponding to a response rate of 82% (161/196). The majority of responders, 85.7%, were aware of diabetes and local testing possibilities. However, only around 65% were aware of risk factors of diabetes. Also, the knowledge about common symptoms of diabetes was quite low, around 50%, and in particular low, around 40%, among males and inhabitants in settlements.Conclusions: The vast majority of the population was aware of diabetes. However, the present study revealed shortage of knowledge of common risk factors, symptoms, and complications to diabetes. This is challenging the effort to prevent diabetes and new alternative information strategies are needed. Furthermore, the shortage of knowledges of risk factors may not be isolated to diabetes and further studies on health literacy in Greenland are recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors Among the Malaysian Population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Hasimah Ismail ◽  
Mohd Azahadi Omar ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
Muhammad Fadhli Muhammad Yusof ◽  
Nor Azian Mohd Zaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of diabetes has increased dramatically in the last decade. Compounding the problem are undiagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These respondents are those who do not know that they have the disease. Undiagnosed cases have substantial implications as they are at more risk to develope fatal complications. This study aims to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM and to identify its associated factors in Malaysia.METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted involving 19,935 respondents. Two-stage stratified sampling design was used to select a representative sample of the Malaysian adult population. Face-to-face interviews using structured, validated questionnaires were used to obtain data from the respondents. Respondents who claimed that they were not diagnosed with diabetes before were asked to undergo a finger-prick test.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of T2DM was 17.5% while the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM was 9.2% (n=2103). Respondents aged 60 years old &amp; above had the highest percentage of undiagnosed T2DM at about 13.6 %, followed by those with no formal educational at 12.9%, among Indians were 11.9%, among female at 9.2%, among non-working citizen at 9.8%, widowed/divorced (12.0%), smokers (9.5%), obesity (13.6%) and hypertensive (12.8%). Multivariable analyses revealed that age group, ethnicity, education level, marital status, obesity and hypertensive were more likely to have undiagnosed T2DM.CONCLUSION: This study showed a high prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM in Malaysia. Factors associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus were obesity, age, ethnicity, educational level and hypertension. Screening is essential among adults aged 30 to 60 year old to enable early intervention and prevent development of serious complications of this disease.

scholarly journals Social Support, Self-Care Behaviour and Self-Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1607
Author(s):  
Premalatha Paulsamy ◽  
Rizwan Ashraf ◽  
Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani ◽  
Kalaiselvi Periannan ◽  
Absar Ahmed Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue that considerably impacts mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in diabetes management, too, like other spectrums of life. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was adopted to determine the effect of Social Support, Self-Care Behaviour and Self-Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) during this COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred T2D patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were chosen using a convenient sampling procedure. The tool consists of four sections, including socio-demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Scale and modified Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMS). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the obtained data. The mean and SD of diabetic management self-efficacy is 5.74 (1.95) and 4.37 (1.4), respectively, for patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. The self-care activities of the patients who had good glycemic control were 4.31 (2.06) compared to 3.50 (1.73) who did not. The social support received by the patients was 6.13 (2.13) vs. 5.31 (1.67) among patients with glycemic control vs. no control. The results show that social support (p = 0.04), self-efficacy (p =0.01) and self-care activities (p = 0.001) were significantly related to the level of glycemic control of the T2D patients. A significant relationship was also identified between gender (p = 0.036), age (p = 0.001) and education status (p = 0.000) with HbA1c control of the participants. This study demonstrates a significant relationship between social support, self-care behaviours, self-efficacy and glycemic management in T2D patients. During this COVID-19 pandemic, interventions to enhance the self-care activities like exercise and social support to boost their self-efficacy; for better diabetes management, reducing diabetes complications or prolonging their onset are the need of the hour.

scholarly journals Rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251506
Author(s):  
Shambel Nigussie ◽  
Nigussie Birhan ◽  
Firehiwot Amare ◽  
Getnet Mengistu ◽  
Fuad Adem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To assess the rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 13 May to 16 August 2019. Type 2 diabetic patients on follow up at Dilchora Referral Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview and review of medical records. The primary outcome was the level of blood glucose during three consecutive visits. Poor glycemic control was defined as a blood sugar level of more than 154 mg/dL based on the average of measurements from three consecutive visits. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control. Result A total of 394 participants responded to the interview and were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was 45.2% (95%CI: 40.6%-50.0%). Patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drug plus insulin had more than two times greater chance of poor glycemic control than patients on oral anti-diabetic drug alone: 2.177(95%CI:1.10–4.29). The odds of poor glycemic control in patients who did not understand the pharmacist’s instructions was two times higher than patients with good understanding of instructions 1.86(95%CI: 1.10–3.13). Patients who had poor level of practice were found to have poor glycemic control: 1.69(95% CI: 1.13–2.55). Conclusion The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was high among type 2 diabetes patients. Oral anti-diabetic drugs in combination with insulin, lack of understanding of pharmacist’s advice, and poor practice of diabetic patients were significant factors of poor glycemic control. Pharmacists should reassure the understanding of patients before discharge during counseling. Optimization of the dose of antidiabetic medications and combination of oral hypoglycemic agents should be considered.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Impact on Glycemic Control in Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Irma Aide Barranco-Cuevas ◽  
Beatriz Hitayatzy Zavaleta-García ◽  
María Del Consuelo Rodríguez-Chávez ◽  
Arturo García-Galicia ◽  
Itzel Gutierrez-Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family

Objective: To determine the association lifestyle and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes. Study Design: This is a descriptive, cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Family Medicine Unit Number 55 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Puebla, Mexico during January to June in 2016. Methodology: A total of 275 patients in whom the lifestyle and glycemic control were correlated. A questionnaire in which the variables included gender, age, level of education, occupation, marital status, lifestyle, glycemic control and number of years since they were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 was used. Descriptive statistics and X2 was used. Results: 275 patients were included who met the inclusion criteria. Their average age was 59.7 years, the female gender prevailed with 64%. A result of X2=3.611 and P=0.05 was obtained; therefore the study was considered statistically significant, since value of P= .05 was considered statistically significant. Conclusion: There is an association between the patient’s lifestyle and glycemic control.

scholarly journals Hypomagnesemia and Poor Glycemic Control Among Palestinian Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohmmad Hamarshih ◽  
Suha Hamshari ◽  
Zaher Nazzal ◽  
Farha Abu Snobar ◽  
Rawa Mletat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Hypomagnesemia has been shown to have a significant impact on both glycemic control and diabetes complications in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM patients and find the association between serum magnesium levels and outcomes relevant to glycemic control and diabetic complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and included 373 patients (222 males and 151 females). Serum magnesium levels were measured by the Colorimetric Endpoint Method using the Cobas C501system. Hypomagnesemia was determined to be a serum magnesium level <1.6 mg/dL. In addition, the following data were also obtained; patients' characteristics, anthropometric measurements, smoking status, HbA1c, co-morbidities, and therapeutic management. Results: Patients' mean age was 56.2 ±10.8 years, 24.6% were smokers, and most were overweight or obese. About 60% have a history of hypertension, and the majority have had diabetes for more than ten years. Their mean HbA1c level was 8.5±2. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 11% (95% CI: 8%-14.6%). It was found to be significantly higher among females (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.2%-5.8%), patients with HbA1c ≥ 8% (adjusted OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.1%-5.5%), and patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.1%-7.1%). Conclusions: the study showed that hypomagnesemia is more prevalent in females and is associated with diabetic retinopathy and poor glycemic control. Having a sufficient magnesium level may be associated with better glycemic control and a reduced occurrence of complications.

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