scholarly journals Mystery of the Toxic Flea Dip: An Interactive Approach to Teaching Aerobic Cellular Respiration

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Baines ◽  
M. McVey ◽  
B. Rybarczyk ◽  
J. T. Thompson ◽  
H. R. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Aerobic Respiration ◽  
Interactive Approach ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Transport Chain

We designed an interrupted case study to teach aerobic cellular respiration to major and nonmajor biology students. The case is based loosely on a real-life incident of rotenone poisoning. It places students in the role of a coroner who must determine the cause of death of the victim. The case is presented to the students in four parts. Each part is followed by discussion questions that the students answer in small groups prior to a classwide discussion. Successive parts of the case provide additional clues to the mystery and help the students focus on the physiological processes involved in aerobic respiration. Students learn the information required to solve the mystery by reading the course textbook prior to class, listening to short lectures interspersed throughout the case, and discussing the case in small groups. The case ends with small group discussions in which the students are given the names and specific molecular targets of other poisons of aerobic respiration and asked to determine which process (i.e., glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the electron transport chain) the toxin disrupts.

Exploring Environmental Values through the Medium of Small Groups: 2. Illustrations of a Group at Work

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Burgess ◽  
M Limb ◽  
C M Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Group Matrix ◽  
Space Project

In this paper we present the discussions of the Eltham group in the Greenwich Open-Space project, as a case study of the contributions that in-depth small groups can make in the study of environmental values. The major themes of the group discussions are presented, and extracts of dialogue illustrate several aspects of small-group dynamics: how the group establishes its identity, how members negotiate increasing levels of intimacy and trust, how they handle conflict among themselves, and how they deal with termination. These themes demonstrate the importance of the group matrix, the levels of manifest and latent meaning in discourse, and the role of the conductor in facilitating the group structure and processes. We conclude that in-depth small groups are a valuable research strategy for the exploration of the interpenetration of individual and collective values for environment.

scholarly journals English for specific purposes course design parameters for chemistry-biology students

2020 ◽  
pp. 428-439
Author(s):  
Danara Kurmanovna Raikhanova ◽  
Gulnara Mamatbekovna Kassymova
Keyword(s):  
Common Core ◽  
Course Design ◽  
Real Life ◽  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Specific Field

This article describes some parameters that should be taken into consideration during designing English for Specific Purposes course for combined major programme 6B015002 ‘Chemistry and Biology’ at Suleyman Demirel University. English for Specific Purposes courses focus on specific field or discipline, such as engineering, law, management, marketing, accounting, medicine or science in our case. English for Specific Purpose teaching requires real life learning situations which might be achieved with the help of appropriate course that is designed after considering parameters that detect whether the course should be intensive or extensive, assessed or non-assessed, common-core or specific, homogeneous or heterogeneous, fixed or flexible, or deal with immediate or delayed needs and finally identify the role of English for Specific Purposes teachers. After studying all parameters of course design listed above everything is put in a nutshell as a result of the case study of English for Specific Purposes course on chemistry-biology specialty at Suleyman Demirel University.

scholarly journals Role-Playing Activity to Demonstrate the Electron Transport Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-340
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Electron Transport Chain ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Introductory Biology ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Associated Proteins

The role of the electron transport chain, its associated proteins, and carrier molecules can be difficult for introductory biology students to understand. Role-playing activities provide a simple, active, cost-effective method for demonstrating and comprehending complex biological processes. This role-playing activity was designed to help introductory biology students learn the role of the electron transport chain in the synthesis of ATP. The activity can be completed within a single class period and, when combined with a post-activity writing assignment, can enhance student understanding of how the electron transport chain functions.

scholarly journals Aerobic Respiration: Criticism of the Proton-centric Explanation Involving Rotary Adenosine Triphosphate Synthesis, Chemiosmosis Principle, Proton Pumps and Electron Transport Chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117862641881844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelath Murali Manoj
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Electron Transport Chain ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Aerobic Respiration ◽  
Proton Pumps ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Interactive Dynamics

The acclaimed explanation for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mOxPhos, or cellular respiration) is a deterministic proton-centric scheme involving four components: Rotary adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-synthesis, Chemiosmosis principle, Proton pumps, and Electron transport chain (abbreviated as RCPE hypothesis). Within this write-up, the RCPE scheme is critically analyzed with respect to mitochondrial architecture, proteins’ distribution, structure-function correlations and their interactive dynamics, overall reaction chemistry, kinetics, thermodynamics, evolutionary logic, and so on. It is found that the RCPE proposal fails to explain key physiological aspects of mOxPhos in several specific issues and also in holistic perspectives. Therefore, it is imperative to look for new explanations for mOxPhos.

scholarly journals Defects in succinate dehydrogenase in gastrointestinal stromal tumors lackingKITandPDGFRAmutations

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Janeway ◽  
Su Young Kim ◽  
Maya Lodish ◽  
Vânia Nosé ◽  
Pierre Rustin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Germline Mutations ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Complex Ii ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
History Of

Carney-Stratakis syndrome, an inherited condition predisposing affected individuals to gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and paraganglioma, is caused by germline mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits B, C, or D, leading to dysfunction of complex II of the electron transport chain. We evaluated the role of defective cellular respiration in sporadic GIST lacking mutations inKITorPDGFRA(WT). Thirty-four patients with WT GIST without a personal or family history of paraganglioma were tested forSDHgermline mutations. WT GISTs lacking demonstrableSDHgenetic inactivation were evaluated for SDHB expression by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting and for complex II activity. For comparison, SDHB expression was also determined inKITmutant and neurofibromatosis-1–associated GIST, and complex II activity was also measured inSDH-deficient paraganglioma andKITmutant GIST; 4 of 34 patients (12%) with WT GIST without a personal or family history of paraganglioma had germline mutations inSDHBorSDHC. WT GISTs lacking somatic mutations or deletions inSDHsubunits had either complete loss of or substantial reduction in SDHB protein expression, whereas mostKITmutant GISTs had strong SDHB expression. Complex II activity was substantially decreased in WT GISTs. WT GISTs, particularly those in younger patients, have defects in SDH mitochondrial complex II, and in a subset of these patients, GIST seems to arise from germline-inactivatingSDHmutations. Testing for germline mutations inSDHis recommended in patients with WT GIST. These findings highlight a potential central role of SDH dysregulation in WT GIST oncogenesis.

Abstract 13357: Dhtkd1 Knock-out Alters Cellular Respiration by Preventing Electron Transport Chain Related Proteins From Entering Into Mitochondria

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Holly Smith ◽  
Jane Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Electron Transport Chain ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Related Proteins

The metabolite α-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) has been identified as a predictor of diabetes and atherosclerosis in large human prospective studies. However, the mechanisms linking this metabolite to disease pathophysiology remain unknown. DHTKD1 is a central gene in the 2-AAA pathway, and has been linked to variation in 2-AAA levels in humans and animals. However, little is known about the role of DHTKD1 in cellular metabolism. We hypothesized that DHTKD1 is an important regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism, with potential involvement in cardiometablic disease. Methods and Results: We investigated the consequences of loss of DHTKD1 function in a human HAP-1 cell line. Treatment with 2-AAA increased mitochondrial respiration in wild-type (WT) cells, but had no effect in DHTKD1 knock-out (KO) cells. DHTKD1 KO cells had significantly lower mitochondrial respiration (Mito Stress Test, Seahorse Analyzer), with no differences in glycolytic function, supporting an important role for DHTKD1 in mitochondrial metabolism. Membrane potential and mitochondrial content were up-regulated in KO compared to WT cells, suggesting a potential compensatory mechanism. We investigated the mechanisms underlying impaired mitochondrial function, and found TOM40 and TIM23, the pivotal proteins required for the movement of proteins into mitochondria, were decreased in DHTKD1 KO cells. Further, DHTKD1 KO resulted in reduced expression of electron transport chain related proteins (NDUF88, SDHB, MTCO1, UQCRC2, ATP5A) in mitochondria, but increased expression in the cytosol, suggesting impaired ability to cross the mitochondrial membrane. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the absence of DHTKD1 leads to less TOM40 and TIM23 expression, preventing key proteins in the electron transport chain from entering into mitochondria, resulting in impaired mitochondrial respiration. These findings highlight the vital role of DHTKD1 in cellular metabolism, and establish DHTKD1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential novel pathway in cardiometabolic disease. Elevated 2-AAA observed in individuals prior to onset of diabetes and atherosclerosis may be an early biomarker of dysfunction in this pathway.

Many Heads Are More Utilitarian Than One

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Keshmirian ◽  
Bahador Bahrami ◽  
Ophelia Deroy
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Moral Principle ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Norm Violation ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Impact

Moral judgments have a very prominent social nature, and in everyday life, they are continually shaped by discussions with others. Psychological investigations of these judgments, however, have rarely addressed the impact of face-to-face interaction. To examine the role of social deliberation within small groups on moral judgments, we had groups of 4 to 5 participants judge moral dilemmas first individually and privately, then collectively and interactively, and finally individually a second time. We employed both real-life and sacrificial moral dilemmas in which the character’s action or inaction violated a moral principle to benefit the greatest number of people. Participants decided if these utilitarian decisions were morally acceptable or not. We found that collectives were more utilitarian than the statistical aggregate of their members compared to both first and second individual judgments. This supports the hypothesis that deliberation and consensus within a group transiently reduced the emotional burden of norm violation and indicates normative conformity in moral judgments.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics, kinetics and reaction chemistry of aerobic respiration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelath Murali Manoj ◽  
Nikolai Mikhailovich Bazhin
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transport ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Aerobic Respiration ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Definite Answer ◽  
Kinetics Of

Three fundamental queries are addressed on the thermodynamics of aerobic cellular respiration (viz. ATP-synthesis and thermogenesis)- (1) Can the energy of oxygen reduction be utilized for proton transport?, (2) Is the trans-membrane proton differential harness-able as a potential energy capable of doing useful work?, and (3) If the movement of a miniscule amount of mitochondrial protons could give rise to a potential of ~200 mV and if such an electrical energy could sponsor ATP-synthesis. Further, we provide a definite answer to a fourth question- what is the thermodynamic role of protons in the oxygen-centric scheme of aerobic respiration? Finally, we demonstrate that the rotary ATPase activity of Complex V cannot account for physiological ATP synthesis and establish that the murburn reaction model explains the kinetics of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF JOURNALISM STUDENTS’ WRITING PROJECTS COMPLETED INDIVIDUALLY AND IN COLLABORATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Svitlana Fiialka ◽  
Olga Trishchuk ◽  
Nadija Figol ◽  
Tetiana Faichuk
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Writing Groups ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Journalism Students ◽  
High Level

The authors discuss the issues and benefits of collaborative writing in journalistic education, comparing the texts written by students in different conditions: in group collaboration, individually after prewriting group discussion, and individually without any collaboration. We used a survey for collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. The participants were 21 second year and 15 third-year students, who wrote 18 fiction stories for preschool children (3 were written in the collaborative writing groups of 4, where the students were allowed to choose partners for small groups; 3 in the collaborative writing groups of 4, where the students were not allowed to choose partners; 6 after prewriting group discussion, and 6 without any collaboration). 12 six-year students evaluated delivered texts. We also interviewed 12 teachers of the Department of Publishing and Editing about the collaborative writing tasks at the meeting of the Department. Teachers’ interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed. The students and teachers expressed positive attitudes towards collaborative writing, that contributes to students’ learning outcomes and prepare them for teamwork. The highest score got the texts written individually after the prewriting discussion. The stories written by the students who were allowed to choose partners in a group work gained higher scores than texts prepared in randomly created groups. The participants in the self-selected conditions reported that they enjoyed а high level of participation, sharing the workload and supportive behaviour. We also observed the evidences of unequal participation of students in collaboration in small groups where the partners were not familiar. The lowest average score got the texts written with no collaboration. So, we proved that there is a need for implementing prewriting group discussions in the learning process. It is necessary to differentiate the role of each student in collaborative writing to evaluate individual results correctly.

Ambulatory Assessment

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich W. Ebner-Priemer ◽  
Timothy J. Trull
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ambulatory Assessment ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Questionnaire Studies

Convergent experimental data, autobiographical studies, and investigations on daily life have all demonstrated that gathering information retrospectively is a highly dubious methodology. Retrospection is subject to multiple systematic distortions (i.e., affective valence effect, mood congruent memory effect, duration neglect; peak end rule) as it is based on (often biased) storage and recollection of memories of the original experience or the behavior that are of interest. The method of choice to circumvent these biases is the use of electronic diaries to collect self-reported symptoms, behaviors, or physiological processes in real time. Different terms have been used for this kind of methodology: ambulatory assessment, ecological momentary assessment, experience sampling method, and real-time data capture. Even though the terms differ, they have in common the use of computer-assisted methodology to assess self-reported symptoms, behaviors, or physiological processes, while the participant undergoes normal daily activities. In this review we discuss the main features and advantages of ambulatory assessment regarding clinical psychology and psychiatry: (a) the use of realtime assessment to circumvent biased recollection, (b) assessment in real life to enhance generalizability, (c) repeated assessment to investigate within person processes, (d) multimodal assessment, including psychological, physiological and behavioral data, (e) the opportunity to assess and investigate context-specific relationships, and (f) the possibility of giving feedback in real time. Using prototypic examples from the literature of clinical psychology and psychiatry, we demonstrate that ambulatory assessment can answer specific research questions better than laboratory or questionnaire studies.

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