scholarly journals Management of depressive disorder in adolescents

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Neurotic Disorder ◽  
The Past

Historically, depressive disorders in adolescents have been conceptualised as variants of the nonspecific class of childhood emotional or neurotic disorder, which encompassed depressive, anxiety, hysterical and obsessional disorders. Over the past decade, however, the field has shifted towards greater diagnostic refinement. Research evidence has shown that severe depressive disorders differ from other mental disorders in this age group in their epidemiology, outcome and correlates (Harrington & Wood, 1995). Treatment therefore includes not only general techniques of clinical management, but also a variety of treatments targeted at the symptoms of depressive disorder.

Treatment of Psychiatric Diseases with General Anaesthetics

2019 ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Laszlo Vutskits
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Role ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

Psychiatric disorders are defined as mental or behavioural patterns causing either suffering or a poor ability to function in ordinary life. These conditions are generally characterized by a combination of abnormal thoughts, perceptions, emotions, behaviour, and relationships with others. The burden of mental disorders continues to grow and the estimated global lifetime prevalence of these pathological states is estimated to reach over one-third of the population worldwide. Depression, one of the most common psychiatric diseases, is difficult to treat. This chapter on the treatment of psychiatric diseases with general anaesthetics includes discussion of major depressive disorder and its epidemiology and treatments, clinical trials suggesting a therapeutic role for anaesthesia in patients with depressive disorders, rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine, and mechanisms of actions underlying the antidepressant effects of anaesthetics.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depression: One, two or three disorders?

Psihologija ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenka Novovic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depressive Position ◽  
Clinical Pictures ◽  
Relationship Of

The study deals with theoretical psychiatric proposals about relations between anxiety and depressive disorders. Three theoretical positions developed on the basis of numerous evidence on relationship of anxiety and depressive disorders: unitaristic (anxious and depressive disorders represent one disorder with different clinical pictures or phases of the disorder), pluralistic (there are two classes of disorders with clearly recognizable boundaries) and anxious-depressive position (mixed anxious-depressive disorder represents also a single disorder). Possible reasons for antagonisms, connections (i.e. lack of connections) to some proposals of psychologists are commented upon, as well as the significance of this problem for classification of mental disorders in general.

scholarly journals Do predictors of return to work and recurrence of work disability due to mental disorders vary by age? A cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauliina Mattila-Holappa ◽  
Jenni Ervasti ◽  
Matti Joensuu ◽  
Kirsi Ahola ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Work Disability ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Public Sector Employees

Background: The extent to which predictors of return to work (RTW) and recurrence of work disability episodes vary by age group is not well understood. Methods: We examined the associations of sociodemographic and clinical factors with RTW and recurrence after mental-disorder-related work disability episodes in a cohort of 10,496 Finnish public sector employees. Disability records were derived from national disability registers between 2005 and 2011. Effect modification by age was examined in age groups of 21–34, 35–50 and >50 years. Results: A total of 16,551 disability episodes from mental disorders were recorded. The likelihood of RTW was elevated in age group 21–34 (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28–1.46) and 35–50 years (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.18–1.26) compared to age group >50 years. The risk of a recurrent episode of work disability was higher in age groups >50 (HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.09–1.52) and 35–50 years (HR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.03–1.41) compared to the youngest age group. Employees with depressive disorders were less likely to RTW than employees with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, and this difference increased with age. Low education was associated with increased risk of recurrent work disability episode in age groups of 50 years or younger, while no such association was observed in age group >50 years. Conclusions:The importance of depressive symptoms over neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders as predictors of delayed RTW increases with age, whereas educational differences in the recurrence of an episode diminish by age.

scholarly journals Personality change in the Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder: 30-Year cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110256
Author(s):  
Min Yang ◽  
Helen Tyrer ◽  
Tony Johnson ◽  
Peter Tyrer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Neurotic Disorder ◽  
Cluster A

Background: Persistence is said to be a feature of personality disorder, but there are few long-term prospective studies of the condition. A total of 200 patients with anxiety and depressive disorders involved in a randomised controlled trial initiated in 1983 had full personality status assessed at baseline. We repeated assessment of personality status on three subsequent occasions over 30 years. Methods: Personality status was recorded using methods derived from the Personality Assessment Schedule, which has algorithms for allocating Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the 11th International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) categories. The category and severity of personality diagnosis were recorded at baseline in the randomised patients with DSM-III anxiety and depressive diagnoses. The same methods of assessing personality status was repeated at 2, 12 and 30 years after baseline. Results: Using the ICD-11 system, 47% of patients, mainly those with no personality disturbance at baseline, retained their personality status; of the others 16.8% improved and 20.4% worsened to more severe disorder. In DSM-III diagnosed patients, those diagnosed as Cluster A and Cluster C increased in frequency (from 14% to 40%, p < 0.001, and 21.5% to 36%, p < 0.001, respectively) over follow-up, while those with Cluster B showed little change in frequency (22% to 18%, p = 0.197). Conclusion: In this population of patients with common mental disorders, personality status showed many changes over time, inconsistent with the view that personality disorder is a persistent or stable condition. The increase in diagnoses within the Cluster A and C groups suggests personality disorder generally increases in frequency as people age.

Suicidality and Treatment Experience Among Young People Who Inject Drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Mackesy-Amiti ◽  
Lawrence J. Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
The Past

Background. We examined correlates of past year suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) and described past year treatment experiences among young people who inject drugs (PWID). Methods. Participants were 570 adults (18-25 years) who injected primarily heroin. Interviews were conducted at field stations operated by Community Outreach Intervention Projects in Chicago, Illinois (USA). Interviewers administered the Psychiatric Research Instrument for Substance and Mental Disorders. Substance use and mental disorders were based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Past year STB was based on multiple questions. Results. Sixteen percent of men and 25% of women reported STB in the past year. In multivariable analysis, STB was associated with non-heterosexual orientation, foster care, and being raised by two parents. Primary major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, and borderline personality disorder had independent effects on suicidality. Among those reporting past year STB (n=111), 83% ever received mental health treatment, while 44% did so in the past year. While 24% of respondents indicated that at least one treatment matched their needs very well, 30% reported treatment that did not match their needs at all. The most common reason for ending treatment was program completion (about 50%) while getting better was endorsed by about 25%. Nearly half reported ending treatment due to a bad experience, logistical issues, or expense. Conclusions. Young PWID are at high risk for suicidal behavior and their mental health treatment experiences often do not meet their needs. There is a pressing need for more integrated substance use and mental health treatment.

scholarly journals Ten-year trends of hypertension treatment and control rate in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang-il Kim ◽  
Eunjeong Ji ◽  
Jung-yeon Choi ◽  
Sun-wook Kim ◽  
Soyeon Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hypertension Treatment ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
And Control

AbstractWe analyzed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) database to determine the trends of hypertension treatment and control rate in Korea over the past 10 years. In addition, we tried to investigate the effect of chronic medical conditions on hypertension management. We investigated the hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rate from 2008 to 2017. KNHANES, which uses a stratified multistage sampling design, is a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey conducted by the Korean government. A total of 59,282 adults (≥ 20 years) were included, which was representative of the total population of around 40 million Koreans per year. The mean age was 50.7 ± 16.4 years and 42.6% were male. The prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity significantly increased over the 10 years. During this period, the hypertension treatment and control rate significantly improved. Hypertension treatment rate was significantly lower in the younger age group compared to the older age group, but the control rate among the treated patients was not significantly different between age groups. The treatment and control rates of hypertension were higher in patients with multimorbidity, which implies that it has a favorable effect on the treatment and control of hypertension. Hypertension treatment and control rate have improved over the past 10 years. The higher treatment and control rate in patients with multimorbidity suggest that the more aggressive surveillance might be associated with the improvement of hypertension treatment and control rate in Korea.

scholarly journals One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Galicia: A Global View of Age-Group Statistics during Three Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5104
Author(s):  
Iván Area ◽  
Henrique Lorenzo ◽  
Pedro J. Marcos ◽  
Juan J. Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global View ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
One Year

In this work we look at the past in order to analyze four key variables after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Galicia (NW Spain): new infected, hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions and deceased. The analysis is presented by age group, comparing at each stage the percentage of the corresponding group with its representation in the society. The time period analyzed covers 1 March 2020 to 1 April 2021, and includes the influence of the B.1.1.7 lineage of COVID-19 which in April 2021 was behind 90% of new cases in Galicia. It is numerically shown how the pandemic affects the age groups 80+, 70+ and 60+, and therefore we give information about how the vaccination process could be scheduled and hints at why the pandemic had different effects in different territories.

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