MMPI and Clinical Scales Compared

1974 ◽  
Vol 125 (584) ◽  
pp. 42-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Stephens ◽  
M. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Check List ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The aim of the investigation was to compare rating scales for syndromes as given by a psychological test, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), with those derived from a standardized psychiatric history (CAPRICE System). The first is dependent on information supplied directly by the patient, who answers a check-list; the second is based on a psychiatric interview and the completing of a codified case-history. The computerized form of the MMPI was employed (Fowler and Miller, 1969), and the scales selected were those corresponding with manifest anxiety (At scale); depression (D scale); phobias, obsessions and compulsions (Pt scale); and schizophrenia (Sc scale). The nearly corresponding scales derived from the CAPRICE System (Valentine, 1973) are the scales for Anxiety, Depression, Obsessional-Compulsive Disorder, and Psychosis.

Neurotic and Thyrotoxic Anxiety: Clinical, Psychological and Physiological Measurements

1973 ◽  
Vol 122 (570) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Greer ◽  
Ian Ramsay ◽  
Christopher Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
The One ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

Among the various methods of assessing morbid anxiety the psychiatric interview remains pre-eminent. By this means, we attempt to elicit what patients actually feel—the criterion against which all other measurements are validated. Dissatisfaction with the subjective nature of psychiatric interviews and with their low reliability (Cattell and Scheier, 1958; Kreitman, Sainsbury, Morrissey, Towers, and Scrivener, 1961) has led, on the one hand, to the use of rating scales which quantify subjective clinical judgements (Kellner, Kelly and Sheffield, 1968), and, on the other, to the development of techniques which purport to measure anxiety objectively. The latter fall into two broad categories: (i) questionnaires such as the Manifest Anxiety Scale (Taylor, 1953) and the IPAT Anxiety Scale (Cattell and Scheier, 1963), and (ii) measurements of somatic correlates of anxiety, in particular the various endocrine and physiological responses reviewed by Mason (1968) and Lader (1969), respectively.

MMPI-2 in Child Custody Litigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Roma ◽  
Federica Ricci ◽  
Georgios D. Kotzalidis ◽  
Luigi Abbate ◽  
Anna Lubrano Lavadera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Custody ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Custody Evaluations ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Forensic Assessments ◽  
Child Custody Evaluations ◽  
Italian Women

In recent years, several studies have addressed the issue of positive self-presentation bias in assessing parents involved in postdivorce child custody litigations. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is widely used in forensic assessments and is able to evaluate positive self-presentation through its Superlative Self-Presentation S scale. We investigated the existence of a gender effect on positive self-presentation bias in an Italian sample of parents involved in court evaluation. Participants were 391 divorced parents who completed the full 567-item Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 during child custody evaluations ordered by several Italian courts between 2006 and 2010. Our analysis considered the S scale along with the basic clinical scales. North-American studies had shown no gender differences in child custody litigations. Differently, our results showed a significantly higher tendency toward “faking-good” profiles on the MMPI-2 among Italian women as compared to men and as compared to the normative Italian female population. Cultural and social factors could account for these differences.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on TeleMental Health in Youth Mental Health: Focus on Anxiety, Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Laura Orsolini ◽  
Simone Pompili ◽  
Virginio Salvi ◽  
Umberto Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Telemental Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Youth Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background and Objectives: The Internet is widely used and disseminated amongst youngsters and many web-based applications may serve to improve mental health care access, particularly in remote and distant sites or in settings where there is a shortage of mental health practitioners. However, in recent years, specific digital psychiatry interventions have been developed and implemented for special populations such as children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Hereby, we describe the current state-of-the-art in the field of TMH application for young mental health, focusing on recent studies concerning anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and affective disorders. Results: After screening and selection process, a total of 56 studies focusing on TMH applied to youth depression (n = 29), to only youth anxiety (n = 12) or mixed youth anxiety/depression (n = 7) and youth OCD (n = 8) were selected and retrieved. Conclusions: Telemental Health (TMH; i.e., the use of telecommunications and information technology to provide access to mental health assessment, diagnosis, intervention, consultation, supervision across distance) may offer an effective and efficacious tool to overcome many of the barriers encountering in the delivery of young mental health care.

scholarly journals Likely Exacerbation of Psychological Disorders from Covid-19 Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110167
Author(s):  
Tara Rava Zolnikov ◽  
Tanya Clark ◽  
Tessa Zolnikov
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Face ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Anxiety and fear felt by people around the world regarding the coronavirus pandemic is real and can be overwhelming, resulting in strong emotional reactions in adults and children. With depressive and anxiety disorders already highly prevalent in the general population (300 million worldwide), depression and/or anxiety specifically because of the pandemic response is likely. Moreover, the current state of panic in the face of uncertainty is apt to produce significant amounts of stress. While this situation has the potential to cause psychological disorders in previously unaffected populations, perhaps more impactful is the exacerbation of symptoms of many existing disorders including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding disorder.

scholarly journals Experiences of Mental Distress during COVID-19: Thematic Analysis of Discussion Forum Posts for Anxiety, Depression, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 105413732110239
Author(s):  
G. Brewer ◽  
L. Centifanti ◽  
J. Castro Caicedo ◽  
G. Huxley ◽  
C. Peddie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on coronavirus patients, health care workers, and the general population is clear. Relatively few studies have, however, considered the impact of the pandemic on those with pre-existing mental health conditions. Therefore, the present study investigates the personal experiences of those with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder during COVID-19. We conducted a qualitative study utilising Reddit discussion forum posts. We conducted three separate thematic analyses from 130 posts in subreddit forums aimed for people identifying with anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. We identified a number of similar discussion forum themes (e.g., COVID-19 intensifying symptoms and a lack of social support), as well as themes that were unique to each forum type (e.g., hyperawareness and positive experiences during the pandemic). Findings should guide future practice and the support provided to those living with mental distress.

Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms is Related to Self-Directedness Character Trait in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Cruz-Fuentes ◽  
Claudia Blas ◽  
Laura Gonzalez ◽  
Beatriz Camarena ◽  
Humberto Nicolini
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Features ◽  
Character Inventory

ABSTRACT:Objective:The present study examined the psychobiological Temperament and Character model of personality on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, as well as the relation of temperament and/or character dimensions on the severity of obsessive-compubive symptoms.Methods:Fifty-four subjects diagnosed with OCD, were assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive scale and the Hamilton Rating Scales for depression and anxiety.Results:Compared with controls, OCD subjects displayed increased harm avoidance and lower self-directedness and cooperativeness. Low self-directedness and high Hamilton depression scores were associated with increased severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Conclusions:The Temperament and Character profile of OCD patients characterized in the present stud personality model and can be linked to some of their behavioral features. Furthermore, our data provides support of the influence that some personality traits may have on the severity of OCD symptoms.

Obsessive—Compulsive Disorder as a 5-HT Subsystem-Related Behavioural Disorder

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (S8) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Murphy ◽  
J. Zohar ◽  
C. Benkelfat ◽  
M. T. Pato ◽  
T. A. Pigott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Uptake ◽  
Selective Serotonin ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Neurotransmitter System ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Uptake Inhibitors ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Abnormal Brain

Involvement of the brain serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmitter system in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was originally suggested on the basis of therapeutic effects found with the semi-selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, clomipramine. More recent studies directly comparing clomipramine with non-selective or norepinephrine-selective uptake inhibitors, such as desipramine or nortriptyline, as well as studies with new, more selective serotonin uptake inhibitors, including fluvoxamine and fluoxetine, have supported that hypothesis. Clomipramine's antiobsessional effect has been augmented with the serotonin precursor, L-tryptophan, or with lithium, which has prominent serotonergic effects. Patients whose OCD symptoms improved on clomipramine worsened when the drug was discontinued (regardless of duration of therapy) and improved when clomipramine was reinstituted. OCD symptoms also worsened when metergoline, a 5-HT antagonist, was given to patients who had improved with clomipramine. Metergoline given alone had no effect. Administration of m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP), a 5-HT receptor agonist, to untreated OCD patients increased their anxiety, depression, and dysphoria, and exacerbated their OC symptoms. After 4 months of clomipramine therapy, m-CPP failed to produce the same behavioural effects, suggesting an alteration of a 5-HT subsystem (possibly downregulation of some 5-HT receptors). The data reviewed suggest an important role for an abnormal brain 5-HT subsystem in patients with OCD.

scholarly journals Psychopathology and urine toxicology in methadone patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Sadek ◽  
Zack Cernovsky ◽  
Simon Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Check List ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Urine Toxicology ◽  
Symptom Check List ◽  
Methadone Patients

Several studies reported high rates of psychiatric commorbidity among methadone patients. We examined the relationships of measures of psychopathology to outcomes of screening urine tests for cocaine, opiates, and benzodiazepines in a sample of 56 methadone patients. They also completed the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). The highest scales in the SCL-90-R profile of our patients were those indicating somatic discomfort, anger, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and also obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms (scores above the 39th percentile). The only significant correlations between urine tests and SCL-90-R psychopathology were those involving benzodiazepines: patients with urine tests positive for benzodiazepines had lower social self-confidence (r=0.48), were more obsessive-compulsive (r=0.44), reported a higher level of anger (r=0.41), of phobic tendencies (r=40), of anxiety (r=0.39), and of paranoid tendencies (r=0.38), and also reported more frequent psychotic symptoms (r=0.43).

scholarly journals Atypical depression in growth hormone deficient adults, and the beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment on depression and quality of life

2004 ◽  
pp. 325-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mahajan ◽  
A Crown ◽  
S Checkley ◽  
A Farmer ◽  
S Lightman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Nottingham Health Profile ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Gh Therapy ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Atypical Depression

OBJECTIVE: Some growth hormone deficient adults (GHDAs) have an impaired quality of life, which may improve with growth hormone (GH) treatment. The objective of our study was to make an in-depth psychiatric evaluation of patients with adult-onset (AO) and childhood-onset (CO) GH deficiency (GHD), and to assess the time course of changes in their quality of life and symptoms of depression in response to GH treatment. DESIGN: The study design was a 4-month, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled trial of GH therapy. METHODS:We used a detailed psychiatric interview to characterise 25 patients with proven GHD at baseline. They were reassessed at monthly intervals during treatment with GH or placebo, using the Nottingham Health Profile and two well-recognised depression rating scales. RESULTS: 11/18 (61%) of the patients with AO-GHD, but 0/7 of the patients with CO-GHD, were found to have atypical depression at baseline. There were significant improvements in the depression rating scale scores after 2 months of GH therapy, with significant improvements in emotional reaction and social isolation scores from 1 month, and in energy levels and sleep disturbance from 2 and 3 months respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study confirm that a large proportion of GHDAs have unequivocal psychiatric morbidity, and suggest that a response to treatment can be seen after a short trial of GH therapy. We hypothesise that this rapid improvement of symptoms of atypical depression represents a direct central effect of GH therapy.

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